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951.
ＭＳＴ－８８型多路测温仪采用ＰＣ－１５００（Ａ）袖珍机作处理机，选用集成电路ＡＤ５９０作温度传感器，对１０路温度参数轮流采集，对采集的数据进行了线性校正，以人－机对话的方式，使野外采集温度参数实现了自动巡测，打印，显示，外存及数据处理。 相似文献
952.
A new method for near-topographic correction in gravity surveys 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Klingele 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1980,119(2):373-379
The paper is concerned with the problems of topographic reduction in gravity prospecting. Particular emphasis is placed on topographic conditions frequently encountered in mountainous areas such as in the Alps. New master curves are developed for several cases in which steep walls followed by inclined planes are located near the gravity sites. The computation methods are outlined and the precision as well as the rapidity are tested for various cases.Contribution No. 301. Institute of Geophysics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. 相似文献
953.
MICROMETER SCALE MORPHOLOGY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM: A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR MICRO-TOPOGRAPHY MEASUREMENT ON FAULT PLANES 
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下载免费PDF全文 Earthquakes commonly occur in the sliding surface of the fault zone. The morphology of the sliding surface is the result of fault activities, and also it evolves with the activities. The irregular geometry of the fault plane affects the sliding resistance, the concentration and anisotropy of the stress distribution within the fault plane and the fault shear strength. So, the acquisition of high-precision morphological features is of great significance for studying the correlation between fault surface morphology and seismic nucleation, fracture propagation and termination. Due to the lack of reliable micron-scale morphological measurement apparatus, the study of the coherence of the fault surface morphology from large scale(unit: m-cm)to small scale(unit: μm)is subject to restrictions, as well as the study of the relationship between the micro-morphology of the experimental frictional surface and the rupture process. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the fault plane and overcome the shortcomings of existing measurement methods, we have invented a morphology measurement system with independent intellectual property rights.
The measuring principle of this morphology measurement system is based on the laser rangefinder theory. The frame of this system consists of four parts: Braced Frame, Moving Scanner Unit, System-Controlling Unit and Data Collection Unit. Braced Frame is made up of high-adjustable frame, loading stage, dust-proof box and isolation platform, which is used to provide a vibration isolation, light proof and dust-proof measuring environment. Moving Scanner Unit contains a laser head and a two-dimensional translation stag, the laser head is used to measure vertical distance and a two-dimensional translation stage carrying a laser head moving in X-axis and Y-axis orientation to provide X, Y coordinate values. System-Controlling Unit includes two-dimensional translation stage controller, laser head controller and signal convertor. The function of this part is mainly to control operation of other parts. The Data Collection Unit is composed of computer system and software module. This part connects other parts for receiving and storing data. In order to improve the scan efficiency, we developed new software by which we can precisely control the measuring process and efficiently process the acquired data. The software is comprised of five modules: 1)Move Module, this module is used to control the original moving of the laser head relative to the two-dimension translation stage and display the 3-dimensional coordinate information in real time; 2)Set Parameters of Scan Area, the function of this module is to obtain the XY coordinate values of four corner points of the target area to scan; 3)Scan Method Module, though this part, we can control the point spacing in the X-axis orientation by inputting velocity of laser header, as well as the point spacing in X-axis orientation by inputting the Y-step parameter; 4)Pre-Scan Module, there are three functions in this module to inspect whether the z-value of the target area is beyond the range of the laser head or not, estimate consuming time for scanning the object area under the predefined parameters and to estimate the size of the result file; and 5)Scan Module, the function of this module is to store the scanning data.
We scanned the camera lens and the standard plate whose standard deviations are lower than 5μm to acquire the precision of the measurement system, and the results show that the precision of the plane positioning (X-axis and Y-axis direction)is better than 3.5μm; the vertical measurement precision is better than 4.5μm. The highest resolution of the measurement system is constrained by the performance of the laser head and two-dimension translation stage, and the horizontal resolution can reach 0.62μm, vertical resolution 0.25μm. When the needed resolution is lower than the highest, we can achieve it through adjusting the parameter of the velocity in the X-axis orientation and steps in the Y-axis orientation. To test the practical effect of the measurement system, we scanned an area of frictional surface of experimental rock using this system and obtained a high-resolution topography data. From the DEM interpolated from the cloud data, we can observe the striation on the fault plane and the variation of the roughness distribution. The roughness and slope distribution results show that the topography measurement system can meet our requirements for analyzing the microscopic morphology on the micrometer scale.
Compared with traditional measurement devices, the morphology measurement system has the following advantages: 1)The measurement system can obtain the data even in a valley region with a large dip angle on the surface because the vertically emitted beam by the laser head is practically perpendicular to the surface. So compared with other means, it can avoid producing a blank area of measurements and get a complete area; 2)the measurement system has a larger measurement range of 30cm×30cm. When the high-resolution measurement is performed on a large scale, the error caused by the registration of multiple measurement results can also be avoided. 相似文献
The measuring principle of this morphology measurement system is based on the laser rangefinder theory. The frame of this system consists of four parts: Braced Frame, Moving Scanner Unit, System-Controlling Unit and Data Collection Unit. Braced Frame is made up of high-adjustable frame, loading stage, dust-proof box and isolation platform, which is used to provide a vibration isolation, light proof and dust-proof measuring environment. Moving Scanner Unit contains a laser head and a two-dimensional translation stag, the laser head is used to measure vertical distance and a two-dimensional translation stage carrying a laser head moving in X-axis and Y-axis orientation to provide X, Y coordinate values. System-Controlling Unit includes two-dimensional translation stage controller, laser head controller and signal convertor. The function of this part is mainly to control operation of other parts. The Data Collection Unit is composed of computer system and software module. This part connects other parts for receiving and storing data. In order to improve the scan efficiency, we developed new software by which we can precisely control the measuring process and efficiently process the acquired data. The software is comprised of five modules: 1)Move Module, this module is used to control the original moving of the laser head relative to the two-dimension translation stage and display the 3-dimensional coordinate information in real time; 2)Set Parameters of Scan Area, the function of this module is to obtain the XY coordinate values of four corner points of the target area to scan; 3)Scan Method Module, though this part, we can control the point spacing in the X-axis orientation by inputting velocity of laser header, as well as the point spacing in X-axis orientation by inputting the Y-step parameter; 4)Pre-Scan Module, there are three functions in this module to inspect whether the z-value of the target area is beyond the range of the laser head or not, estimate consuming time for scanning the object area under the predefined parameters and to estimate the size of the result file; and 5)Scan Module, the function of this module is to store the scanning data.
We scanned the camera lens and the standard plate whose standard deviations are lower than 5μm to acquire the precision of the measurement system, and the results show that the precision of the plane positioning (X-axis and Y-axis direction)is better than 3.5μm; the vertical measurement precision is better than 4.5μm. The highest resolution of the measurement system is constrained by the performance of the laser head and two-dimension translation stage, and the horizontal resolution can reach 0.62μm, vertical resolution 0.25μm. When the needed resolution is lower than the highest, we can achieve it through adjusting the parameter of the velocity in the X-axis orientation and steps in the Y-axis orientation. To test the practical effect of the measurement system, we scanned an area of frictional surface of experimental rock using this system and obtained a high-resolution topography data. From the DEM interpolated from the cloud data, we can observe the striation on the fault plane and the variation of the roughness distribution. The roughness and slope distribution results show that the topography measurement system can meet our requirements for analyzing the microscopic morphology on the micrometer scale.
Compared with traditional measurement devices, the morphology measurement system has the following advantages: 1)The measurement system can obtain the data even in a valley region with a large dip angle on the surface because the vertically emitted beam by the laser head is practically perpendicular to the surface. So compared with other means, it can avoid producing a blank area of measurements and get a complete area; 2)the measurement system has a larger measurement range of 30cm×30cm. When the high-resolution measurement is performed on a large scale, the error caused by the registration of multiple measurement results can also be avoided. 相似文献
954.
以传统地震环境噪声面波成像方法研究地壳速度结构时,在一些极端的地形条件下,结果与真实结构会存在较大偏差.我们以地震波场三维正演模拟为基础,提出了一种地形校正方法.我们保留了传统噪声面波成像简单的两步反演法,在面波层析成像和一维速度结构反演的基础上,通过地震波场三维模拟近似估计地形和散射波场的影响,并据此校正瑞利波频散曲线,最终反演得到校正地形影响的S波速度结构.理论测试与在实际观测数据上的应用都证明了校正方法的有效性,同时也显示了地形校正的必要性. 相似文献
955.
956.
在实际校正土木工程结构变形测量误差时,存在冗余误差信息干扰,导致最终校正误差数值过小,针对这一不足,研究一种土木工程结构变形测量误差校正方法。计算工程结构沉降系数,预测测量误差,采用一个抗干扰能力较好的最小平方距离相关函数,消除冗余信息干扰,建立误差校正模型,完成校正方法的研究。实验制造工程结构构件,模拟工程测量环境,与两种传统校正方法进行对比实验,结果表明:与传统误差校正方法相比,文中校正方法的校正数值更大。 相似文献
957.
按照土壤 植物 大气连续体(SPAC)理论,灌溉决策的指标可分为三类:土壤水分、作物水分生理状况和气象因素。对这三方面的研究现状与进展作了详细的阐述。在土壤水分监测技术方面,时域反射仪(TDR)技术、微波技术、近红外辐射等的应用,使监测更加准确和便利;用于灌溉决策的作物水分生理信息监测包括:细胞液浓度、叶/水势、茎果微变化、生理电阻电容、声发射等,从目前国际上研究情况来看,叶冠层温度和茎流变化是指示作物水分状况较好的指标;在估算大气蒸发力方面,以参考作物蒸散量为指标,估计作物参考蒸散量的方法以联合国粮农组织(FAO)最新推荐的Penman-Monteith方法较为精细。并对目前灌溉决策指标的综合运用情况进行了总结。讨论了作为精准农业重要组成部分的"精量控制灌溉"今后的发展方向,建议以通过对作物、土壤、气象复合系统的分析和判断,指导灌溉的适时和适量。 相似文献
958.
提高磁测日变改正精度的方法 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在利用高精度磁测方法进行间接寻找砂金、岩金的研究中,需探测10nT左右的弱磁异常。这对日变改正精度提出了更高要求。针对这一需要,编制了软件,适用于IGS-2／MP-4与ENVIMAG两种型号的质子磁力仪,使其能同时投入工作做日变改正。采用一个完整的地磁平静日的日变观测数据,用分时区加权平均来确定日变改正基值。对每天测定的日变曲线先进行圆滑,降低仪器噪声对日变观测结果的影响后,再对当天各测点上的磁测值进行日变改正。这样既提高了日变改正精度,又实现了对两种型号磁力仪间观测数据的日变改正处理。 相似文献
959.
黄土塬区的三维地震勘探技术 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在平原、山区、丘陵、戈壁和沙漠地区,煤矿采区三维地震勘探技术已得到了大范围的推广应用,但在西部黄土塬区,由于其特有的地貌特征及复杂地质条件,勘探程度不高,三维地震勘探在该类地区仍被视为“地震禁区”。对此在多次试验的基础上,采取改善激发条件、多域迭代静校正等相应技术措施,克服了黄土塬区开展三维地震勘探的主要难点,并结合具体工程实例,提出了今后在黄土塬区开展三维地震勘探的一些设想和建议。 相似文献
960.
自然电场法勘测地下水流向的极差校正 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
总结了在实际工作中运用自然电场法中"8"字形观测法测量地下水流向时,对常规误差进行修正的经验,讨论了初始极差的产生因素、影响程度和处理方法,对后期资料处理中的补偿方法进行了探讨. 相似文献