低覆盖度治沙的理论与沙漠科技进步   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨文斌  王涛  冯伟  李卫  李艳丽 《中国沙漠》2017,37(1):1-6

低覆盖度治沙是一项荒漠化治理新理念、新技术、新模式。受自然林业启发,根据低覆盖度植被分布格局的演变,提出不同格局下的风沙物理学、水文学、生态学、可持续发展等理论的外延机理,把乔灌草及微生物、降雨及土壤库的水动态、界面生态效益、边行优势等有机组合,进而探索出创新型治沙技术理论。这套理论基本解决了防沙治沙实践中中幼龄林衰败死亡的问题,把人工造林与自然修复有机结合起来,降低造林成本40%～60%。该理论开拓了覆盖度在15%～25%条件下实现防沙治沙目标的新领域。  相似文献   

Research progress in man-land relationship evolution and its resource-environment base in China   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

Xiaoyun Li  Yu Yang  Yi Liu 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(8):899-924

Man-land relationship research, as the core of geographical research, runs through each development stage of Geography. Based on extensive literature review, this paper systematically generalizes the connotations, research development and contents of man-land relationship in China. (1) It explores the connotations and evolvement rules of man-land relationship in different social development stages in China, and finds that the core role of man-land relationship in geographical research has been strengthened continuously. Changing with times, its connotations have been considerably enriched by sustainable development and other notions, and so does its theoretical system. (2) It applies the bibliometric method to sketch out the basic research status of man-land relationship in China. Specifically, it quantitatively identifies the funding sources, major research teams and journals for publication. It finds that the funding sources show a diversification trend with national funding being the primary source of research grants. The most competitive research teams are mainly concentrated in the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and normal universities. Journals sponsored by The Geographical Society of China are most influential in publishing man-land relationship research. (3) As resources and environment are the fundamental carriers of man-land relationship, this study focuses further on the research on resource-environmental base of man-land relationship, and finds that the resource-environmental base research in China has gone through an evolution process from single factor perspective research to comprehensive multiple perspective research gradually. Research themes have also experienced similar changes from land, water, energy minerals or other single factor research to comprehensive factor research of resources and environment. Empirical study on national and regional development strategies is the feature of man-land relationship in China. More emphasis should be put on considering and following the changes in features of “man” and “land” and research on the impacts of new factors on man-land relationship in a developing and dynamic manner in the future. Particularly, we should pay more attention to research on the impacts of spatio- temporal changes in resource-environment absolute location on modes of man-land interaction, and to strengthening interdisciplinary research and systematic research on comprehensive techniques so as to advance the development of application of man-land relationship theories and practices.  相似文献   

表层岩溶带及其水循环的研究进展与发展方向   总被引：19，自引：7，他引：12  

覃小群  蒋忠诚 《中国岩溶》2005,24(3):250-254

表层岩溶带是现代岩溶学一个很重要的概念,表层岩溶水对于解决西南岩溶山区居民的干旱缺水问题具有重要意义。近年来,不但揭示了表层岩溶带的特征、形成的动力条件机理及其含水层特征、开展了表层岩溶的自动化监测、研究了表层岩溶水与生态环境的相关性,还对西南表层岩溶水资源进行了初步评价。今后一段时期内表层岩溶水的主要研究方向是开展表层岩溶水与管道水的耦合关系研究、生态环境调蓄表层岩溶水的功能研究及表层岩溶水资源评价。   相似文献   

遥感影像地形校正研究进展及其比较实验   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

高永年  张万昌 《地理研究》2008,27(2):467-477

地形校正作为复杂地形区遥感影像预处理的重要步骤,对提高地表参数遥感定量化精度具有重要意义。为此,在简述地形校正含义与目标的基础上,回顾并总结了国内外各种地形校正方法并将其划分为基于波段比、DEM和超球面3类方法,以期为地形校正及相关研究提供参考。在DEM的支持下,采用11种地形校正方法对ETM+影像进行了校正比较实验,研究表明:(1)VECA、b、C、Teillet-回归、SCS+C、Minnaert和Minnaert-SCS校正7种地形校正效果较好,可用于遥感影像的地形校正;而Cosine-T、Cosine-C、SCS和Cosine-b校正存在过度校正现象,不宜选择。(2)VECA与b校正模型校正效果最好,且VECA校正比b校正可操作性更强。在此基础上,从地形效应的理论诠释与数学表达、DEM数据、地形校正应用研究3个方面探讨了目前该领域存在的一些问题和难点,并对今后可能的工作重点和研究方向提出了建议。  相似文献   

中国耕地总量动态平衡研究进展     

邓航  杨子生 《云南地理环境研究》2008,20(6):23-29

从耕地总量动态平衡的内涵、理论基础着手,重点评述了耕地总量动态平衡的实施效果、耕地质量、区域平衡、影响因素、实现措施以及研究方法,认为当前研究存在相关成果与具体实践“不对称”,忽略土地开发整理过程中的生态环境影响,政策实施中不注重将城市化所产生的现代生产要素转化到平衡区域耕地综合生产能力上,区域平衡缺乏理论与实践支持以及相关法规不配套等问题。因此,建立和完善实施耕地总量动态平衡的技术支撑体系,系统构建耕地总量动态平衡的研究框架体系以及深入探讨耕地生态与社会价值及其成本核算体系等显得尤为重要。  相似文献   

国内出境旅游市场研究综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

欧玉婷  桑广书 《云南地理环境研究》2008,20(3):116-120

出境旅游是中国旅游业的重要组成部分之一。近年来,中国的出境旅游取得了巨大发展,引起社会广泛关注,出境旅游市场的研究已成为旅游研究的重要领域之一。以出境旅游的内涵为出发点,从出境旅游市场迅速发展的原因、市场特征、发展中存在的问题及发展趋势等方面对国内自2000年以来的出境旅游市场研究进行了总结,并指出当前国内在出境旅游市场研究内容、研究区域和研究方法上存在的不足,以期为中国出境旅游研究的发展提供参考。  相似文献   

中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究的新进展   总被引：57，自引：24，他引：33  

王涛  陈广庭  赵哈林  董治宝  张小曳  郑晓静  王乃昂 《中国沙漠》2006,26(4):507-516

国家973项目“中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究”（G2000048700）恢复了过去2 ka来我国北方沙漠化过程、演变、格局和驱动机制;揭示了土壤风蚀和沙尘起动的物理机制,确定了土壤风蚀容忍量、定量评价体系,风沙电场形成机理、分布规律和影响;确定了主要沙尘源区、沙尘暴移动规律和形成机制,建立了沙尘暴监测、预报预警方法和系统;研究了土壤碳、氮衰减规律及其对沙区植被的影响,揭示了沙漠化过程中植物的受损过程、适应对策和植被恢复机理,阐明了我国近50 a沙漠化的过程、成因、现状及其发展趋势,定量给出沙漠化空间变化态势,提出了重点地区防治沙漠化、社会经济与环境协调发展的模式和对策。为国家防沙治沙和干旱地区生态环境和社会经济可持续发展战略决策提供了科学依据。发展和完善了中国沙漠与沙漠化科学。  相似文献   

考虑热水力耦合效应土体波动理论的研究进展     

刘干斌  郑荣跃 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):218-221

岩土介质的热水力耦合效应被广泛应用于水利水电工程、岩土工程、地下工程等诸多领域,是岩土力学及相关领域研究的热点问题,成果显著。笔者就岩土热水力耦合动力响应及波的传播理论等问题,较为全面地论述国内外考虑多场耦合条件下土体波动理论的主要研究成果和最新进展,并对热水力耦合作用机理以及今后研究方向等提出了一些见解。  相似文献   

"富营养化湖泊治理及湖泊管理昆明国际讨论会"综述   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

徐旌 《云南地理环境研究》2002,14(2):94-98

湖泊富营养化是国际上普遍存在而倍受关注的问题。以国家列为“三河三湖”重点环保项目整治的滇池为首的云南九大高原湖泊中,有6个已富营养化。在云南省即将大规模开展湖泊治理工作之际,为借鉴国际湖泊治理及管理的方法及成功的经验,2001年11月召开了此次会议。有众多国际湖泊学权威在内的10个国家的163名专家出席会议。重点讨论了5个主题：湖泊治理及管理研究;湖泊环境变化的沉积记录;湖水氮、磷负荷与湖泊生态健康;湖泊污染与治理;湖泊富营养化过程。专家们对云南高原湖泊的治理提出了4个方面的建议：以改善、恢复湖泊生态系统结构的方法控制富营养化;清淤一定要慎重;加强湖泊富营养化过程与机制的研究;加强流域管理研究。会议最后发表了《昆明宣言》,建议建立云南高原湖泊国际研究中心。  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1984,36(4):498-530

Book reviewed is the article: Small-State Security in the Balkans . Aurel Braun. South American Development: A Geographical Introduction . Rosemary D. F. Bromley and Ray Bromley. Interregional Migration, National Policy and Social Justice . Gordon L. Clark. Marketing Architectural and Engineering Services . Weld Coxe. A Geography of the Third World . J. P. Dickenson, C. G. Clarke, W. T. S. Gould, R. M. Prothero, D. J. Siddle, C. T. Smith, E. M. Thomas-Hope, and A. G. Hodgkiss. Wildlife and Man in Texas: Environmental Change and Conservation . Robin W. Doughty. At the Sea's Edge . William T. Fox. Englewood Cliffs Geography and Ecology . I. P. Gerasimov. Urbanization in Contemporary Latin America. Critical Approaches to the Analysis of Urban Issues . Alan Gilbert in association with Jorge E. Hardoy and Ronaldo Ramírez, eds. The Coming of the Transactional City . Jean Gottmann. College Park Visions of City and Country: Prints and Photographs of Nineteenth-Century France . Bonnie L. Grad and Timothy A. Riggs. Worcester Soviet Geography Today: Physical Geography . N. A. Gvozdetskiy, ed. Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians . Raymond B. Hames and William T. Vickers, eds. Urban and Regional Industrial Research: The Changing UK Data Base . Michael Healey, ed. Cuando se Acaban los Montes . Stanley Heckadon Moreno. A Panama Forest and Shore: Natural History and Amerindian Culture in Bocas del Toro . Burton L. Gordon. Pacific Grove Mozambique: From Colonialism to Revolution, 1900–1982 . Allen Isaacman and Barbara Isaacman. Soviet Natural Resources in the World Economy . Robert G. Jensen, Theodore Shabad, and Arthur W. Wright, eds. The Changing Geography of the United Kingdom . R. J. Johnston and J. C. Doornkamp, eds. Pluralism and Political Geography—People, Territory and State . Nurit Kliot and Stanley Waterman, eds. Landmarks Preservation and the Property Tax . David Listokin. Irrigation Horticulture in Highland Guatemala: The Tablón System of Panajachel . Kent Mathewson. Her Space, Her Place: A Geography of Women . Mary Ellen Mazey and David R. Lee. Man, A Geomorphological Agent . Dov Nir. Dordrecht The Book of America: Inside the 50 States Today . Neal R. Peirce and Jerry Hagstrom. Rivers . Geoffrey E. Petts. Proceedings, United States/Australia Workshop on Design and Implementation of Computer-Based Geographic Information Systems . Donna Peuquet and John O'Callaghan, eds. Outdoor Recreational and Resource Management . John Pigram. Remaking the City: Social Science Perspectives on Urban Design . John S. Pipkin, Mark La Gory and Judith R. Blau, eds. The Crust of Our Earth: An Armchair Traveler's Guide to the New Geology . Chet Raymo. Englewood Cliffs Concepts and Themes in the Regional Geography of Canada J. Lewis Robinson. Vancouver Secondary Cities in Developing Countries: Policies for Diffusing Urbanization . Dennis A. Rondinelli. Beverly Hills Legal Foundations of Environmental Planning , Vol 1. J. G. Rose. Can We Delay a Greenhouse Warming? Stephen Seidel and Dale Keyes. Mobilizing Human Resources in the Arab World . R. Paul Shaw. Prairie Mosaic: An Ethnic Atlas of Rural North Dakota . William C. Sherman. The Future of Conflict in the 1980s . William J. Taylor, Jr. and Steven A. Maaranen, eds. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information . Edward R. Tufte. U.S. 40 Today: Thirty Years of landscape Change in America . Thomas R. Vale and Geraldine R. Vale. Madison Silent Violence: Food, Famine and Peasantry in Northern Nigeria . Michael Watts. Readings in Historic Preservation: Why? What? How? Norman Williams Jr., Edmund Kellogg and Frank Gilbert, eds.  相似文献