深厚软土地基爆破挤淤效果检测方法及应用实例     

葛双成  陈军  江影  赵永辉 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z2):748-752

爆破挤淤抛石置换断面的结构分层特点及电磁参数差异具备探地雷达检测的基本物理前提。通过浙江洞头某海涂围堤的检测表明,对于底部深度达35 m左右的深厚抛石层,可采用16 MHz低频天线和合适的测试参数探测,查明落底深度、宽度以及腰部宽度等堤身参数,突破探地雷达检测深厚抛石层的局限性。其底部泥石混合层难以识别。  相似文献   

Three-dimensional modelling of a Holocene tufa system in the Lathkill Valley, north Derbyshire, using ground-penetrating radar   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pedley  Hill  Denton  & Brasington 《Sedimentology》2000,47(3):721-737

Unlithified and partly lithified carbonate sequences are ideally suited to the application of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), augmented by percussion augering and shallow seismic techniques, all tied to present‐day topography using global positioning system (GPS) methods. This methodology provides the first clear information on the distribution and geometry of lithofacies within buried tufa complexes. The approach has been applied to a thick succession of Holocene tufas filling a gorge site along a 3·5‐km length of the River Lathkill, north Derbyshire. Earlier studies have demonstrated the presence of up to 16 m of tufas and sapropels associated with two transverse tufa dams (barrages). These strata have been accumulating throughout the Holocene, although tufa developments at present are of minor extent. Internal tufa morphologies are recorded by GPR as ‘bright’, laterally continuous reflections for lithified, concretionary and lithoclast‐rich horizons. The ‘brightest’ reflectors occur within well‐cemented barrages and delineate core areas and prograding buttress zones. In contrast, unlithified lime muds and sapropels produce low‐contrast reflections. Lithostratigraphic control and depth calibration of the GPR profiles was provided by percussion augering at selected sites. Six distinct lithofacies and four secondary barrages are identified in the study. Constructional and destructional events can be identified and correlated within the GPR profile network, and the internal growth morphologies of the barrages are apparent. GPR profiles also clearly define the evolution of the facies geometries. Three phases of tufa development can be recognized within the GPR data and greatly extend our understanding of Holocene tufa‐forming processes in valley sites: (a) Early Holocene barrage build‐ups but with limited paludal deposition; (b) Middle Holocene ponding and sapropel accumulation under ‘warm’ conditions; and (c) Late Holocene barrage termination and valley levelling, probably coincidental with anthropogenic activity. This type of multidisciplinary approach should be considered as an essential prerequisite to all biostratigraphic and geochemical studies of Holocene freshwater carbonate sites.  相似文献   

Identifying causes of ground-penetrating radar reflections using time-domain reflectometry and sedimentological analyses   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Remke L. Van Dam  & Wolfgang Schlager 《Sedimentology》2000,47(2):435-449

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical technique widely used to study the shallow subsurface and identify various sediment features that reflect electromagnetic waves. However, little is known about the exact cause of GPR reflections because few studies have coupled wave theory to petrophysical data. In this study, a 100- and 200-MHz GPR survey was conducted on aeolian deposits in a quarry. Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to obtain detailed information on the product of relative permittivity (ɛ_r) and relative magnetic permeability (μ_r), which mainly controls the GPR contrast parameter in the subsurface. Combining TDR data and lacquer peels from the quarry wall allowed the identification of various relationships between sediment characteristics and ɛ_rμ_r. Synthetic radar traces, constructed using the TDR logs and sedimentological data from the lacquer peels, were compared with the actual GPR sections. Numerous peaks in ɛ_rμ_r, which are superimposed on a baseline value of 4 for dry sand, are caused by potential GPR reflectors. These increases in ɛ_rμ_r coincide with the presence of either organic material, having a higher water content and relative permittivity than the surrounding sediment, or iron oxide bands, enhancing relative magnetic permeability and causing water to stagnate on top of them. Sedimentary structures, as reflected in textural change, only result in possible GPR reflections when the volumetric water content exceeds 0·055. The synthetic radar traces provide an improved insight into the behaviour of radar waves and show that GPR results may be ambiguous because of multiples and interference.  相似文献   

714CD多普勒天气雷达和711测雨雷达探测雹云的对比分析   总被引：24，自引：12，他引：12  

伍志方  张沛源  张春良 《高原气象》2000,19(1):1-8

利用７１４ＣＤ多普勒天气雷达和７１１天气雷达对１９９５年８月２６日一次较强单体雹云的对比观测资料,分析了南疆北部渭干河灌区单体雹云的结构及发展演变特点,比较并分析了两部雷达观测结果的异同及其产生原因。结果表明：７１４ＣＤ多普勒天气雷达与７１１雷达相比具有探测能力强、探测精度高的优势,而且在探测雹云的结构方面,与７１１雷达的探测结果基本一致,可以引用７１１雷达长期以来对雹云的研究结果。  相似文献   

山回波的PIA因子在3 cm雷达波衰减订正中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵恒轩  张赴建 《南京气象学院学报》2000,23(1):119-123

通过比较同一山体在晴雨两种天气条件下的回波反射率,确定在雷达与山体之间的降水赞成山体回波的路径积分衰减因子（Ｐａｔｈ－ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ ａｔｔｅｎｒａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ）,以此计算雷达与山体之间降水的真实反射率,从而把降水对Ｘ（３ｃｍ波长）面雷达波的衰减订正掉。  相似文献   

小旋转椭球粒子群的微波衰减系数与雷达反射率因子之间的关系   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

王振会  张培昌 《气象学报》2000,58(1):123-128

通过模拟及取样导出了小旋转椭球粒子群旋转轴呈 3种不同取向 ,而入射电磁波分别为水平发射水平偏振波及水平发射垂直偏振波时的衰减系数与雷达反射率因子之间的关系 ,获得 3种波长的具体表达式 ,并对结果作了物理分析。所得结果可直接用于雷达定量测量降水时的衰减订正。  相似文献   

多普勒雷达资料对中尺度系统短期预报的改进   总被引：51，自引：9，他引：42  

邱崇践  余金香  QinXu 《气象学报》2000,58(2):244-249

文中给了一种由单多普勒雷达资料反演风矢量场的变分方法 ,并由此形成预报初始场。运用美国风暴分析预报中心 ( CAPS)的改进的区域系统模式对移经美国俄克拉何马州的一个强雷暴系统进行了数值预报试验 ,结果表明 ,初始场中引入多普勒雷达观测资料后明显地改进了预报。  相似文献   

多普勒雷达风场反演VAP方法的资料预处理   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18       下载免费PDF全文

白洁  陶祖钰 《应用气象学报》2000,11(1):21-26

在分析了三类单多普勒雷达反演风场方法的基础上, 认为VAP方法是近期内可望在业务中应用的方法, 并指出VAP方法的关键是能否将原始资料中的中-U及以上尺度的风场信息过滤出来, 以消除中-V尺度以下风场信息对反演结果的影响.为此提出了二维区域滑动低通滤波方法对资料进行预处理.此外还对VAP方法的风速计算公式进行了改进以减小计算误差.  相似文献   

地质雷达正演中的频散压制和吸收边界改进方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

何兵寿  张会星 《地质与勘探》2000,36(3):59-63

从麦克斯韦方程组出发,建立了地质雷达的时域有限差分法（ＦＤＴＤ）数学模型,导出了理想 散关系和超级吸收边界条件。理想频散关系 考虑了ＦＤＴＤ法的收敛性和稳定性,也考虑了高频电磁波在Ｙｅｅ氏网格中的传播特点;超吸收边界条件则用磁场分量来提高电场分量精度。数值试验表明,理想频散关系能真实地反映雷达波在地下介质中的传播规律,超吸收边界条件能有效减小截断边界的伪反射,提高正演精度。将之应用于实际计算,取得  相似文献   

南疆尼雅地区4000a来的地化元素分布特征与古气候环境演化的初步研究   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11  

舒强  钟巍  熊黑钢  塔西甫拉提  高村宏毅 《中国沙漠》2001,21(1):12-18

通过应用因子分析法对尼雅剖面中的多种地化元素和氧化物的分析,在R、Q型因子分析的基础上,提取出古气候信息。初步的研究表明:近4000a来,尼雅地区气候环境仍以干旱化为主,但此期间出现过多次不同程度的干湿变化,大致可分为5个气候期:4.0~3.0kaB P.相对暖干期;3.0~2.2kaB.P.相对冷湿期;2.2~1.6kaB.P.相对暖干期;1.6~1.0kaB.P.相对冷湿期;1.0kaB.P.左右之后的相对暖干期。  相似文献