On the influence of magnetic fields on level populations     

Z. Q. Qu  C. L. Xu  X. Y. Zhang  X. L. Yan  C. L. Jin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,370(4):1790-1796

The influence of magnetic fields on the energy level populations of atoms is firstly studied by analysing the Stokes profiles of Fe  i 6302.5 forming in the solar magnetized atmosphere, with the aid of a departure factor defined to evaluate the deviation from the normal Boltzmann distribution without a magnetic field. This factor is directly related to the ratio of line-source function to the continuum one. The relationship between the departure and the magnetic field reveals an effect that the magnetic field induces an exponential increase in the level population of the lower level of Fe  i 6302.5 (Landé factor   g = 2.5  ) with the field strength. This indicates that the magnetic field can cause the redistribution of populations of those levels whose Landé factors are non-zero. Therefore, this effect should be included in the calculation of the statistical equilibrium. Secondly, an experiment utilizing the Hg5461 line in the laboratory on the Earth is carried out to reveal that the exponential relation is independent of variations in temperature, and the excitation is completely magneto-induced. Finally, the exponential relation is explained by taking account of the magnetic energy in the Boltzmann distribution.  相似文献   

射电喷流中湍动阿耳芬波对相对论电子的加速     

马春玉 《天文学报》1996,37(1):28-34

本文通过数值求解带电粒子与Ａｌｆｖｅｎ波湍动相互作用的动力学方程，得到了相对论电子在射电喷流中被加速随时间演化的解．高能电子可以加速到Ｌｏｒｅｎｔｚ因子γｙ～１０６，且形成稳态的幂律谱，尽管其谱指数Ｓ≈ｌ比观测值小，但粒子加速时间约为１０１２－１０１４秒，小于射电斑的寿命１０７年．粒子能谱指数几乎与Ａｌｆｖｅｎ波谱指数和能量损失函数无关．能量损失对加速上限有较大影响．  相似文献   

山区短波反射辐射的计算模式   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李占清  翁笃鸣 《地理研究》1987,6(3):42-49

本文提出计算山区测点可接受到的来自周围山地的短波反射辐射日平均通量密度的通用计算机模式,并以大别山南段赵公岭山区为例进行了试验,结果表明,该式通用性强、精度较高。  相似文献   

A Chandra observation of the X-ray environment and jet of 3C 296     

M. J. Hardcastle  D. M. Worrall  M. Birkinshaw  R. A. Laing  A. H. Bridle 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,358(3):843-850

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Infrared observations of serendipitous hard Chandra X-ray sources     

C. S. Crawford  A. C. Fabian  P. Gandhi  R. J. Wilman  R. M. Johnstone 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,324(2):427-442

We present observations of a sample of optically faint, hard X-ray sources of the kind likely to be responsible for much of the hard X-ray background. We confirm that such sources are easily detected in the near-infrared, and find that they have a featureless continuum suggesting that the active nucleus is heavily obscured. The infrared colours of the majority of the targets observed are consistent with absorbed elliptical host galaxies at z =1–2. It is likely that we are observing some of the brighter members of the important new class of X-ray type II quasars.  相似文献   

The unresolved hard X-ray background: the missing source population implied by the Chandra and XMM–Newton deep fields     

M. A. Worsley  A. C. Fabian  F. E. Bauer  D. M. Alexander  G. Hasinger  S. Mateos  H. Brunner  W. N. Brandt  D. P. Schneider 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(4):1281-1287

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Crustal and upper mantle structures of the brazilian coast     

Jorge Luis De Souza 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,136(2-3):245-264

The Rayleigh wave phase and group velocities in the period range of 24–39 sec, obtained from two earthquakes which occurred in northeastern brazil and which were recorded by the Brazilian seismological station RDJ (Rio de Janeiro), have been used to study crustal and upper mantle structures of the Brazilian coastal region. Three crustal and upper mantle models have been tried out to explain crustal and upper mantle structures of the region. The upper crust has not been resolved, due basically to the narrow period range of the phase and group velocities data. The phase velocity inversions have exhibited good resolutions for both lower crust and upper mantle, with shear wave velocities characteristic of these regions. The group velocity data inversions for these models have showed good results only for the lower crust. The shear wave velocities of the lower crust (3.86 and 3.89 km/sec), obtained with phase velocity inversions, are similar to that (=3.89 km/sec) found byHwang (1985) to the eastern South American region, while group velocity inversions have presented shear velocity (=3.75 km/sec) similar to that (=3.78 km/sec) found byLazcano (1972) to the Brazilian shield. It was not possible to define sharply the crust-mantle transition, but an analysis of the phase and group velocity inversions results has indicated that the total thickness of the crust should be between 30 and 39 km. The crustal and upper mantle model, obtained with phase velocity inversion, can be used as a preliminary model for the Brazilian coast.  相似文献   

大型越江盾构隧道施工安全与风险管理探讨          下载免费PDF全文

安政翃  季玉国 《探矿工程》2008,35(12):78-83

对大型泥水盾构隧道施工安全与施工风险进行详细全面的分析,指出了施工安全与施工风险对人身安全、工程结构和施工机械设备带来的危害。结合工程实例和实践经验,对大型越江盾构隧道施工安全与风险管理进行全面探讨。  相似文献   

UV-B辐射对海洋微藻抗氧化系统的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

于娟  唐学玺  李永祺  王晨  刘文明 《海洋科学》2002,26(12):49-53

研究了UV－B辐射对两种海洋微藻－小新月菱形藻（Ntzschia closterlum)和亚心形扁藻（Platymonas subcordiforming)的抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明：在本实验的辐射剂量范围内，随着UV－B辐射剂量的增强，两种藻的抗氧化防御系统的非酶性组分还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和类胡萝卜素（CAR）的含量随之下降；抗氧化防御系统的酶性组分超氧化歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性逐渐降低。加入外源性抗氧化剂GSH可减轻UV－B辐射对藻的伤害。分析表明海洋微藻的UV－B伤害是由于抗氧化防御系统遭到破坏而导致活性氧积累的结果。  相似文献   

Vertical variations of wave-induced radiation stress tensor   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zheng Jinhai  Yan Yixin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2001,20(4):597-605

INTRODUcrIONThe concept of radiation stress was deve1oPed by tonguet--Higgins and Stewart (1964 ),who intreduced the definition of radiation stress as the excess mornentum due to the presence ofwaves, on the basis of time-averaged laws of Newtonian fluid mechanics and the assmption ofa unifOrm velocity distribution over depth. Subequently, the theory has been applied success-fully in the investigation of phenomena such as wave set-up and set--down (Bowen et al.,l968), longshore currents …  相似文献