SeaBeam 3012深水多波束测深系统标定方法     

张登  朱永灵  张涛  张元元  邬宾杰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(4):144-149

以"向阳红10"科考船船载SeaBeam 3012多波束测深系统为例,对深水多波束系统的标定方法进行研究,依照海试标定试验对海上标定的步骤进行了较全面的阐述,通过标定测量得到水下换能器阵安装偏差结果,并对该系统进行了性能测试和精度评估。通过对采集到的水深数据进行分析,可知该测深系统的水深数据质量可靠,地形图能客观、合理地呈现海试区域的水深和地形地貌信息。  相似文献   

多波束系统安装偏差整体校准的地形特征匹配方法     

李铁  周丰年  赵建虎 《测绘学报》2019,48(4):512-519

针对目前多波束测深系统采用patch test方法、基于去耦性原理确定多波束系统安装偏差因理论不完善带来的实施复杂、计算精度偏低问题,提出了一种多波束系统安装偏差整体校准新方法。首先将地形转换为图像;再利用相关条带地形图像,借助SIFT匹配算法,获取了匹配点对;最后基于匹配点对坐标,利用附有不等式约束的最小二乘平差方法,实现了多波束系统安装偏差的整体解算。试验验证了该方法在简化实施过程、改善安装偏差校准精度方面的有效性。  相似文献   

Sentinel-2A与Landsat 8O LI逐像元辐射归一化方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐玉雯  张浩  陈正超  景海涛 《测绘通报》2019,(10):61-66

考虑不同传感器光谱响应函数差异及不同地物类型反射率光谱的差异,提出了一种逐像元辐射归一化方法,并以2017年7月17日内蒙古达里诺尔湖地区准同步过境的Sentinel-2A及Landsat 8数据为例,对两类数据可见-近红外波段（VNIR）地表反射率结果进行归一化。首先采用Sen2cor方法及NASA官方提供大气校正算法,分别对Sentinel-2A及Landsat 8 OLI影像进行大气校正并重采样到同一空间分辨率;然后基于光谱库计算匹配因子并构建图像与光谱库之间的匹配转换模型,实现像元尺度上从Sentinel-2影像到Landsat 8影像地表反射率相似波段之间的转换。结果表明,经逐像元归一化的影像相比原始影像及经HLS光谱归一化的影像,与Landsat 8 VNIR波段的相关性明显提高,辐射一致性增强。该转换模型为多源中高分辨率遥感图像高精度辐射归一化提供了新思路。  相似文献   

多目标无人机微型凝视高光谱成像仪辐射校正     

李长春  王艳杰  马春艳  马潇潇  王双亭 《测绘通报》2019,(1):60-64

微型凝视高光谱成像仪可以同时获取两个空间维度和一个光谱维度图像,且仅记录整个高光谱图像的外方位元素而不是记录每一帧图像的外方位元素,避免了扫描时的几何不稳定性,有效解决了小型线扫式高光谱成像仪成像几何变形大的问题,适合于姿态不稳定小型无人机负载平台。目前,研究大多集中于线扫式高光谱成像仪辐射校正方法。凝视型高光谱成像仪应用时间较短,国内外没有较为成熟的数据处理研究,阻碍了无人机微型凝视高光谱成像系统的应用。本文研究了无人机载微型凝视高光谱成像仪辐射响应线性度特性和辐射响应变异性的校正方法,并定量评估该方法的有效性。结果表明,辐射响应变异性校正前,高光谱图像存在明显的渐晕效应和条带现象,校正后,不同波段中像元的辐射响应变异系数显著下降,且渐晕效应和图像条带明显减少。本文提出了基于多目标辐射定标方法,并通过比较定标后的高光谱图像光谱与地面光谱仪实测地物光谱来验证辐射定标的精度。结果表明,多目标辐射定标方法的定标结果表现出更好的效果,特别对于近红外波段,与光谱仪实测的地物反射率差异较小。  相似文献   

基于Jason-2校正辐射计的降雨率估计算法研究          下载免费PDF全文

王桂忠  张杰  孙伟富  王晶 《海洋科学进展》2019,37(2):265-273

采用Jason-2校正辐射计的亮温数据与GPM Ku波段测雨雷达的降雨率数据,开展基于Jason-2校正辐射计的降雨率估计算法研究。为避免波束填充效应,对Ku波段测雨雷达降雨率数据进行网格化处理,分别构建3×3,5×5及7×7网格的建模数据集和验证数据集,通过建模数据集建立了3种基于校正辐射计的降雨率估计算法研究,并通过验证数据集进行检验。结果表明:对GPM Ku波段测雨雷达的降雨数据进行3×3,5×5及7×7的网格化处理,可以在降雨率估计算法研究时有效避免波束填充效应,7×7网格化处理方法效果最优。对3种不同的算法比对,发现利用校正辐射计3个通道亮温信息的线性组合形式估计降雨率效果最优,相对偏差可达42.33%。  相似文献   

一种RZB分量式钻孔应变仪原地线性标定技术及试验     

吴立恒  熊玉珍  李涛  陈征 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(4):437-440

由于运维时间长,RZB钻孔应变仪存在元器件老化、材质蠕变等问题,使传感器性能不断发生变化,需要定期对其进行原地静态物理标定。目前采用的以压电陶瓷为核心的静态物理标定方式存在迟滞、蠕变、非线性等缺陷,使标定结果精度差、误差大。本文设计了以陶瓷马达为核心、光栅传感器作为反馈、RS485总线为基础的远程线性标定机构,实现了RZB钻孔应变仪原地线性标定功能。在实验室开展原地线性标定模拟试验,传感器满量程的标定数据结果表明,标定分辨率达到2 μm,线性度优于1%。  相似文献   

基于最优TS评分和频率匹配的江苏近海风速订正     

苏翔  李超 《海洋通报》2020,39(5):548-557

近海风速预报在沿海防灾减灾、航运安全、风能评估等方面具有重要应用。本文基于欧洲中期天气预报中心数值预报 （ECMWF） 数据,将最优 TS 评分 （OTS） 与频率匹配 （FMM） 两种方法应用于江苏近海风速预报订正,对比了两种订正 方法的优缺点,分析了不同时间训练样本量以及空间站点观测资料数量对订正效果的影响。结果表明：在相同长度的训练期下,风速等级越小,时间训练期样本越多,预报订正值越稳定;对于 7 级以上高风速等级的预报,OTS 与 FMM 的 TS 评分差异不大, 但 FMM 订正更加稳定且频率偏差 （BIAS） 更接近 1;扩充站点观测资料可有效提升预报订正性能;对于 7 级以上灾害性大风,最佳的订正方案是采用 FMM 方法结合全年时间训练样本和扩充的站点观测资料。此外,本文还对比了不同风速情形下,订正前后 BIAS 和 TS 评分对于时间训练样本量、空间站点观测数量以及订正方法 （OTS 和 FMM） 的敏感性的相对大小。  相似文献   

Monthly calibration and optimization of ?ngstr?m-Prescott equation coefficients for comprehensive agricultural divisions in China     

XIA Xingsheng  PAN Yaozhong  ZHU Xiufang  ZHANG Jinshui 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(7):997-1014

?ngstr?m-Prescott equation (AP) is the algorithm recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations for calculating the surface solar radiation (R_s) to support the estimation of crop evapotranspiration.Thus,the a_s and b_s coefficients in the AP are vital.This study aims to obtain coefficients a_s and b_s in the AP,which are optimized for China’s comprehensive agricultural divisions.The average monthly solar radiation and relative sunshine duration data at 121 stations from 1957–2016 were collected.Using data from 1957 to 2010,we calculated the monthly a_s and b_s coefficients for each subregion by least-squares regression.Then,taking the observation values of R_s from 2011 to 2016 as the true values,we estimated and compared the relative accuracy of R_s calculated using the regression values of coefficients a_s and b_s and that calculated with the FAO recommended coefficients.The monthly coefficients,a_s and b_s,of each subregion are significantly different,both temporally and spatially,from the FAO recommended coefficients.The relative error range (0–54%) of R_s calculated via the regression values of the a_s and b_s coefficients is better than the relative error range (0–77%) of R_s calculated using the FAO suggested coefficients.The station-mean relative error was reduced by 1%to 6%.However,the regression values of the a_s and b_s coefficients performed worse in certain months and agricultural subregions during verification.Therefore,we selected the a_s and b_s coefficients with the minimum R_(s )estimation error as the final coefficients and constructed a coefficient recommendation table for 36 agricultural production and management subregions in China.These coefficient recommendations enrich the case study of coefficient calibration for the AP in China and can improve the accuracy of calculating R_s and crop evapotranspiration based on existing data.  相似文献   

Data assimilation in groundwater modelling: ensemble Kalman filter versus ensemble smoothers          下载免费PDF全文

Liangping Li  Ryan Puzel  Arden Davis 《水文研究》2018,32(13):2020-2029

Groundwater modelling calls for an effective and robust data integrating method to fill the gap between the model and observation data. The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), a real‐time data assimilation method, has been increasingly applied in multiple disciplines such as petroleum engineering and hydrogeology. In this approach, a groundwater model is updated sequentially with measured data such as hydraulic head and concentration. As an alternative to the EnKF, the ensemble smoother (ES) has been proposed for updating groundwater models using all the data together, with much less computational cost. To further improve the performance of the ES, an iterative ES has been proposed for continuously updating the model by assimilating measurements together. In this work, we compare the performance of the EnKF, the ES, and the iterative ES using a synthetic example in groundwater modelling. Hydraulic head data modelled on the basis of the reference conductivity field are used to inversely estimate conductivities at unsampled locations. Results are evaluated in terms of the characterization of conductivity and groundwater flow predictions. It is concluded that (a) the iterative ES works better than the standard ES because of its continuous updating and (b) the iterative ES could achieve results comparable with those of the EnKF, with less computational cost. These findings show that the iterative ES should be paid much more attention for data assimilation in groundwater modelling.  相似文献   

A hybrid calibration approach to Hertz-type contact parameters for discrete element models     

Tongming Qu  Yuntian Feng  Tingting Zhao  Min Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(9):1281-1300

This study aims at providing a hybrid calibration framework to estimate Hertz-type contact parameters (particle-scale shear modulus and Poisson ratio) for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional discrete element modelling (DEM). On the basis of statistically isotropic granular packings, a set of analytical formulae between macroscopic material parameters (Young modulus and Poisson ratio) and particle-scale Hertz-type contact parameters for granular systems are derived under small-strain isotropic stress conditions. However, the derived analytical solutions are only estimated values for general models. By viewing each DEM modelling as an implicit mathematical function taking the particle-level parameters as independent variables and employing the derived analytical solutions as the initial input parameters, an automatic iterative scheme is proposed to obtain the calibrated parameters with higher accuracies. Considering highly nonlinear features and discontinuities of the macro-micro relationship in Hertz-based discrete element models, the adaptive moment estimation algorithm is adopted in this study because of its capacity of dealing with noise gradients of cost functions. The proposed method is validated with several numerical cases including randomly distributed monodisperse and polydisperse packings. Noticeable improvements in terms of calibration efficiency and accuracy have been made.  相似文献