ENSO signals and their spatial-temporal variation characteristics recorded by the sea-level changes in the northwest Pacific margin during 1965-2005     

YUAN LinWang  YU ZhaoYuan  XIE ZhiRen  SONG ZhiYao & Lü GuoNian School of Geographical Science  Nanjing Normal University  Nanjing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,(6)

Sea-level is closely linked to the Earth's climate and its change is important as a metric for global and regional climate change. Identifying, extracting, and revealing such information through detailed analysis is the prerequisite for understanding the mechanisms of sea-level change. The monthlyaverage tide-change records reported and examined in this paper are from 10 tide gauge stations distributed in the northwest margin of the Pacific Ocean, registered during the period 1965-2005. In particular, we ha...  相似文献   

Cultivable bacteria from bulk water,aggregates, and surface sediments of a tidal flat ecosystem     

Heike Stevens  Meinhard Simon  Thorsten Brinkhoff 《Ocean Dynamics》2009,59(2):291-304

Most-probable-number (MPN) dilution series were used to enumerate and isolate bacteria from bulk water, suspended aggregates, the oxic layer, and the oxic–anoxic transition zone of the sediment of a tidal flat ecosystem in the southern North Sea. The heterotrophic aerobic bacteria were able to grow on agar-agar, alginate, cellulose, chitin, dried and ground Fucus vesiculosus, Marine Broth 2216, palmitate, and starch. MPN counts of bulk water and aggregate samples ranged between 0.18?×?10¹ and 1.1?×?10⁶ cells per milliliter and those of the sediment surface and the transition zone between 0.8?×?10¹ and 5.1?×?10⁷ cells per gram dry weight. Marine Broth and F. vesiculosus yielded the highest values of all substrates tested and corresponded to 2.3–32% of 4,6-diamidinophenyl indole cell counts. Strains of seven phylogenetic classes were obtained: Actinobacteria, Bacilli, α- and γ-Proteobacteria, Sphingobacteria, Flavobacteria, and Planctomycetacia. Only with agar-agar as substrate could organisms of all seven classes be isolated.  相似文献   

Regional patterns of observed sea level change: insights from a 1/4° global ocean/sea-ice hindcast     

Alix Lombard  Gilles Garric  Thierry Penduff 《Ocean Dynamics》2009,59(3):433-449

A global eddy-admitting ocean/sea-ice simulation driven over 1958–2004 by daily atmospheric forcing is used to evaluate spatial patterns of sea level change between 1993 and 2001. In the present study, no data assimilation is performed. The model is based on the Nucleus for European Models of the Ocean code at the 1/4° resolution, and the simulation was performed without data assimilation by the DRAKKAR project. We show that this simulation correctly reproduces the observed regional sea level trend patterns computed using satellite altimetry data over 1993–2001. Generally, we find that regional sea level change is best simulated in the tropical band and northern oceans, whereas the Southern Ocean is poorly simulated. We examine the respective contributions of steric and bottom pressure changes to the total regional sea level changes. For the steric component, we analyze separately the contributions of temperature and salinity changes as well as upper and lower ocean contributions. Generally, the model results show that most regional sea level changes arise from temperature changes in the upper 750 m of the ocean. However, contributions of salinity changes and deep steric changes can be locally important. We also propose a map of ocean bottom pressure changes. Finally, we assess the robustness of such a model by comparing this simulation with a second simulation performed by MERCATOR-Ocean based on the same core model, but differing by its short length of integration (1992–2001) and its surface forcing data set. The long simulation presents better performance over 1993–2001 than the short simulation, especially in the Southern Ocean where a long adjustment time seems to be needed. In memory of my little brother Jean-Eudes, whose thirst for science filled out the rich discussions we had about my investigations and his job as user-service provider for MERCATOR-Ocean.  相似文献   

新生代亚洲形变与海陆相互作用   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

汪品先 《地球科学》2005,30(1):1-18

在现今各个大陆中, 亚洲经历的新生代形变最强. 白垩纪到老第三纪时的亚洲大陆, 不仅面积较今为小, 而且形态偏瘦"; 自从始新世印度与亚洲碰撞之后, 亚洲的面积与高度急剧增大. 随着青藏高原隆升和边缘海的张裂, 东亚原来西倾的地势发生倒转, 形成了从大陆中央隆升区向周围辐射的亚洲大河流系. 亚洲隆升有可能是北极冰盖形成与发展的重要因素, 因为隆升不仅改变大气环流、加剧风化作用, 而且还使西伯利亚河系改向北流, 通过注入北冰洋的淡水促使海水结冰、导致冰盖形成. 新生代亚洲形变, 也使得亚洲季风系统在早中新世形成, 又在约8 Ma与约3 Ma时强化. 同时, 西太平洋边缘海系列的形成, 也改变了亚洲大陆与太平洋之间的物质与能量的交换. 流经边缘海的太平洋西部边界流, 对于洋面升降和构造运动极为敏感, 在冰期低海面时边界流位于边缘海之外, 使大洋输向大陆的热量和水分大为减少. 今天, 亚洲与太平洋之间的能流与物流最为活跃, 可惜亚洲在全球气候环境演变中的重要性至今未能获得学术界的充分认识.   相似文献   

奥地利Gosau群Bibereck组Campanian早期海水变深序列的地层学和地球化学     

Michael WAGREICH  Stephanie NEUHUBER 《地学前缘》2005,12(2):0-0

Schmidsippl剖面位于奥地利北钙质阿尔卑斯构造带内Gosau群典型地区。剖面出露的Bibereck组记录了一个海侵和沉积区海水变深过程。Bibereck 组之下是Santonian 晚期Hochmoos 组(Sandkalkbank段),主要为砂质、粉砂质灰色生物扰动构造发育的泥灰岩,含少量双壳类碎片。Hochmoos组之上为灰色泥灰岩和泥灰质灰岩。Bibereck组下部显示变深到近滨-远滨过渡带区域;向上,泥灰岩指示细粒泥质远滨沉积,水深大致50~150 m;之上出现浮游有孔虫含量超过90%的泥灰质灰岩,代表着半深海沉积环境。生物地层数据显示采样层位整体位于浮游有孔虫asymetrica elevata 带,由Globotruncanita elevata 和Dicarinellaasymetrica 的共同出现来界定。钙质超微化石Calculites obscurus、Lucianorhabdus cayeuxii、Arkhangelsk iella cymbiformis 的出现指示属于钙质超微化石带CC17b/UC12,相当于Campanian初期。地层深度剖面上,Ca/Al比值和Catot含量显示海水来源的Ca在0~5 m地层内几近于零,向上快速增加;(Fe/Al)/碳酸盐显示两个峰值,代表更还原条件,分别位于4 m和10 m位置;K/Al比值的下降被解释为更潮湿气候条件;剖面上部Ba含量的增加显示向更低原始生产条件的变化;陆源矿物在剖面7 m以下保持稳定,之上一直到剖面顶部不断下降。生物地层  相似文献   

太平洋东南海域海面高度的季节及年际变化特征     

林丽茹  胡建宇 《海洋科学》2005,29(2):37-42

利用1992～2001年Topex/Poseidon卫星高度计遥感资料分析了太平洋东南海域 (5°～55°S ,70°～110°W)海面高度的季节及年际变化特征。研究结果表明 ,海区海面高度的季节变化总体上受太阳辐射季节变化的影响 ,南半球夏季 (1～3月 )和秋季 (4～6月 )大致为正距平 ,而冬季 (7～9月 )和春季 (10～12月 )大致为负距平 ,1996～1998年除外 ;同时 ,受季节性风场、海区罗斯贝波等的影响 ,海面高度变化的区域特征性很强。海面高度的年际变化在低纬处和沿岸还受ElNino影响。  相似文献   

中国旱涝巨灾长期预报方法的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘伟  范垂仁 《海洋预报》2005,22(3):11-16

文中从影响旱涝巨灾物理机制入手,对巨灾研究采用“立体的、动态的、全方位”的思路和做法,选用1951年～2003年全国受旱涝面积七大流域主要水文站最大洪峰流量同相应的天文、海温、环流特征量等通过微机计算,从2000多万数据中选出6％相关系数大于0．4的数据建立模型图,经分析验证可知：造成我国巨灾旱涝首位是海温,其次是环流特征量;而年月太阳黑子数,日月食是做好超长期预撒因子最理想指标;近日点、远日点、立春日期三者三年滑动平均指针是计算预测巨灾早涝定量值最佳指标。  相似文献   

基于T/P卫星海面测高的黄东海海面地形变化探讨     

钟鹤翔  谢志仁  崔树红  信忠保 《海洋通报》2005,24(5):1-7

利用Topex/Posedion卫星的SSHA数据对黄、东海1993-2001年期间的平均海面地形的空间形态特征、变化速率的空间分布特征及年内变化特征等3个方面进行了分析.研究结果表明,该海区9a平均海面地形的基本特征为：东南高、西北低,由东南向西北倾斜,最大高差超过90 cm;1993-2001年期间全海区均呈现海面上升趋势,上升速率值在5～8.6 mm/a之间,海面上升的空间分异表现为南快北慢,东快西慢.海面地形的年内变化在时间上呈正弦波动,空间上中、北部区域变化速度快,年较差大;南部区域变化速度慢,年较差小;变化空间特征复杂.  相似文献   

南海西沙海区5～6月份辐射通量研究--整体公式建立   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郑静  蒋国荣  费建芳  袁冬梅 《海洋预报》2005,22(4):46-53

将南海西沙海区2000年5～6月海面辐射通量（包括太阳短波辐射、海面反射辐射、大气逆辐射和海面长波辐射）与云量、海温、气温、水汽压等气象要素进行了对比分析,发现它们之间存在一定的相关关系,利用这些关系建立了适合于计算南海西沙海区的太阳短波辐射、大气逆辐射、海面长波辐射和海面反照度的经验公式.分析结果表明,采用本文经验公式计算的各辐射通量值与实测资料的误差较一般常用经验公式的计算误差均有不同程度的减小,计算结果与实测结果在变化趋势上也具有较好的一致性.  相似文献   

Improved sea-ice radiative processes in a global coupled climate model     

LIU Jiping  ZHANG Zhanhai  WU Huiding 《海洋学报(英文版)》2005,24(6):68-79

1Introduction Seaiceplaysanimportantroleinmoderating heatandmoistureexchangesbetweentheatmosphere andtheoceanathighlatitudes.Seaicealsointeracts withthebroaderclimatesystembythepositiveice albedofeedback(Curryetal.,1995),whichamplifies projectedclimatewarmingatthehighlatitudes,andby theoceanicfeedbackinvolvingicegrowthandmelt, whichinfluencesglobalthermohalinecirculation(i.e., theNorthAtlanticDeepWaterandtheAntarcticBot- tomWater)(Walsh,1983;Barryetal.,1993). Recently,theimplementationofas…  相似文献