Three dimensional seismic studies of deep-water hazard-related features on the northern slope of South China Sea     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

Mass transport deposits and geological features related to fluid flow such as gas chimneys, mud diapirs and volcanos, pockmarks and gas hydrates are pervasive on the canyon dominated northern slope of the Pearl River Mouth basin of the South China Sea. These deposits and structures are linked to serious geohazards and are considered risk factors for seabed installations. Based on high resolution three dimensional seismic surveys, seismic characteristics, distributions and origins of these features are analyzed. A distribution map is presented and geometrical parameters and spatial distribution patterns are summarized. Results show that various groups of the mapped features are closely tied to local or regional tectonism and sedimentary processes. Mass transport complexes are classified as slides near the shelf break, initially deformed slumps on the flanks of canyons and highly deformed slumps on the lower slope downslope of the mouth of canyons. We propose them to be preconditioned by pore pressure changes related to sea level fluctuations, steep topography, and fluid and fault activities. Gas chimneys are mainly located in the vicinity of gas reservoirs, while bottom-simulating reflectors are observed within the gas chimney regions, suggesting gas chimneys serve as conduits for thermogenic gas. Mud diapirs/volcanos and pockmarks are observed in small numbers and the formation of pockmarks is related to underlying gas chimneys and faults. This study aims at reducing risks for deep-water engineering on the northern slope of South China Sea.  相似文献   

南海中尺度涡强度的季节和年际变化分析     

王文杰  刘宇迪  朱金双  沈俊 《海洋科学》2016,40(12):94-106

为了研究南海中尺度涡强度的季节和年际变化规律,利用Matlab提取50 a(1958~2007年)简单海洋资料同化(Simple Ocean Data Assimilation,SODA)月平均数据集中流场和海表面高度场数据,应用一个涡旋自动探测算法对南海中尺度涡初始生成位置进行分析,并分析了海表面高度异常均方根值的季节变化和年际变化。结果表明:50 a里南海中尺度涡主要分布在吕宋岛西北海域、吕宋岛西南海域和越南以东广大海域,秋、冬季中尺度涡能量较高,春季中尺度涡最弱,中尺度涡强度高值区年际变化明显。从季节变化上看,海面高度异常均方根春、夏季最小,秋冬季最大;从年际变化上看,与同时期Nino3指数有显著负相关,周期大约为3 a。  相似文献   

黄海海浪季节变化的数值模拟研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

陈国光  翟方国  李培良  刘晓 《海洋科学》2016,40(11):155-168

利用第三代海浪数值模式SWAN,研究了黄海海浪有效波高的季节变化特征及相关的物理过程。结果表明,在黄海的大部分区域,混合浪有效波高的最大值出现在冬季,而最小值则基本出现在夏季。北黄海北部和山东半岛南岸的近海海域呈现稍微不同的季节变化,有效波高的最大值出现在春季。全年4个季节中混合浪有效波高的空间分布基本一致:均在济州岛西南最大,沿黄海中部区域向北和由中部区域向近岸区域逐渐减小。黄海海浪为风浪占主,涌浪有效波高远小于风浪有效波高。在黄海的大部分区域,白冠耗散和四波非线性相互作用对黄海海浪的季节变化均至关重要;对于外海区域,四波非线性相互作用更为重要,而对于近海区域,白冠耗散则影响更大。本研究旨在研究黄海海浪的季节变化特征及其物理过程,为进一步探讨该海域海浪在其他时间尺度上的变异特征和动力学过程提供研究基础。  相似文献   

黔东地区航磁特征与岩性构造填图          下载免费PDF全文

王卫平  吴成平  马勋表 《中国地质调查》2018,5(1):37-43

为了弄清黔东深覆盖地区的成矿地质背景,以2014年该区1:5万比例尺的直升机航磁资料为基础,结合地质、重力等资料,研究了该区不同岩浆岩、断裂构造的航磁特征,在综合分析的基础上,编制了该区的岩性构造图。通过分析对比,本次新圈定具有一定规模的隐伏岩体7处、蚀变岩15处,新圈定不同规模的断裂17条 。上述成果对黔东地区基础地质研究和找矿工作具有重要意义。  相似文献   

基于高密度电阻率法对季节性冻土的监测研究     

贺文博  刘四新  鹿琪  王旭东  佘松盛 《世界地质》2018,37(3):905

通过建立正演冻土模型,验证了将高密度电阻率法应用于冻土监测的可行性。对高密度电阻率法装置进行特殊处理,将其应用于对季节性冻土的监测,并进行了七个月份的连续监测。结果表明:高密度电阻率法在季节性冻土监测中可行;通过对实测数据进行反演处理,得到电阻率反演剖面,可以看出表层土壤在季节变化中有明显的结冻、解冻行为;并可估算出冬季冻土深度范围。  相似文献   

辽北法库变质杂岩的组成、变形与变质特点及构造属性     

赵春强  张志斌  时溢  石绍山  尤洪喜  陈聪  赵敬阳 《岩石学报》2021,36(7):1983-2006

辽北法库变质杂岩的形成时代、大地构造属性及其与长春-延吉缝合带的形成过程一直以来都是众多地质学者关注的重要科学问题。本文试图通过U-Pb年代学以及物质组成分析、变形变质作用特点分析和区域对比的方法来建立法库变质杂岩的时空格架,大地构造归属及区域构造演化。通过详细的野外工作和镜下分析得到法库变质杂岩存在至少两期变形作用特点及角闪岩相-高绿片岩相至低绿片岩相的变质作用特点。通过对杂岩体中不同类型变质岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究得到中志留世糜棱岩化黑云母花岗闪长岩原岩年龄为433±3Ma;晚志留世绢云长英质糜棱岩原岩年龄为423±5Ma;早二叠世绢云绿泥方解斜长糜棱岩原岩年龄为292±2Ma;早三叠世长英质糜棱岩原岩年龄为250±3Ma。通过区域对比,笔者认为法库变质杂岩为索伦-西拉木伦缝合带东延的一部分是长春-延吉缝合带的重要组成,其形成演化具有复合型造山的特点,具有复杂的构造演化史。  相似文献   

季冻区草炭土非线性K-G模型试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

高康  徐燕  胡天明  韩伶敏 《探矿工程》2021,48(1):112-119

季冻区草炭土是沼泽环境中植物残体在氧化分解作用下,堆积形成的含有大量未分解纤维残体的特殊土。草炭土纤维及其含量对其强度和变形特性具有重要影响,目前考虑纤维含量对草炭土强度和变形特性影响的本构关系研究还相对匮乏。K-G本构模型因其模型参数与土的体积模量和剪切模量能建立直接联系,因此在岩土工程非线性理论和数值计算分析方面广泛应用。以不同纤维含量的草炭土为研究对象,进行三轴剪切试验,研究了草炭土的应力应变曲线,得到了草炭土非线性K-G模型参数,分析了各模型参数随纤维含量的变化规律,建立了模型参数与纤维含量之间的线性函数关系。  相似文献   

思茅和呵叻盆地钾盐矿研究新进展和新认识     

颜茂都  张大文  李明慧 《地学前缘》2021,28(6):10-28

思茅盆地与呵叻盆地属于同一大地构造带。二者的含钾盐建造在区域分布、沉积特征、成盐层位、析盐矿物组合特征及物质来源等方面具有良好的可比性,是中国海相找钾实现突破的重要潜在区之一。尽管目前对两地钾盐矿的成矿认识取得了许多进展,但对于二者的关系和成矿模式及规律等还存在着较大争议。为了下一步更好地建立思茅盆地钾盐矿的成矿规律和实现深部找钾的突破,本文从构造背景、地层年代、古气候环境和物质来源等方面对最近一些重要进展和认识做了梳理,现已确定:(1)思茅陆块与印度支那陆块在中生代可能为统一的整体,思茅与呵叻盆地基本位于副热带高压带内,在晚三叠世、中—晚侏罗世和晚白垩世具有较好的成盐成钾构造和古气候条件;(2)思茅和呵叻盆地在含钾盐及其下伏地层沉积期间可能具有相似的潜在物源区,包括扬子、松潘—甘孜、可可西里、义敦、北羌塘和南羌塘陆块等;(3)思茅与呵叻盆地钾盐矿的成钾物质主要来自陆源水体,同时也有海水和深部热液补给;(4)思茅和呵叻盆地含钾盐地层的年代部分重叠,但不完全吻合;(5)勐野井钾盐矿与呵叻钾盐矿可能系非同期矿床。综合构造和气候等证据,推测思茅盆地在约85.0 Ma这一呵叻钾盐矿成矿的时段就可能具有了重要的成钾潜力。  相似文献   

Structural characteristics of the KPR-CBR triple-junction inferred from gravity and magnetic interpretations,Philippine Sea Plate     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):541-552

The intersection of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (KPR) and the Central Basin Rift (CBR) of the West Philippine Basin (WPB) is a relic of a trench-trench-rift (TTR) type triple-junction, which preserves some pivotal information on the cessation of the seafloor spreading of the WPB, the emplacement and disintegration of the proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) Arc, and the transition from initial rifting to steady-state spreading of the Parece Vela Basin (PVB). However, the structural characteristics of this triple-junction have not been thoroughly understood. In this paper, using the newly acquired multi-beam bathymetric, gravity, and magnetic data obtained by the Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, the authors depict the topographic, gravity, and magnetic characteristics of the triple-junction and adjacent region. Calculations including the upward continuations and total horizontal derivatives of gravity anomaly are also performed to highlight the major structural features and discontinuities. Based on these works, the morphological and structural features and their formation mechanisms are analyzed. The results show that the last episode amagmatic extension along the CBR led to the formation of a deep rift valley, which extends eastward and incised the KPR. The morphological and structural fabrics of the KPR near and to the south of the triple-junction are consistent with those of the western PVB, manifesting as a series of NNE-SSW- and N-S-trending ridges and troughs, which were produced by the extensional faults associated with the initial rifting of the PVB. The superposition of the above two reasons induced the prominent discontinuity of the KPR in deep and shallow crustal structures between 15°N–15°30′N and 13°30′N–14°N. Combined with previous authors’ results, we propose that the stress produced by the early spreading of the PVB transmitted westward and promoted the final stage amagmatic extension of the CBR. The eastward propagation of the CBR destroyed the KPR, of which the magmatism had decayed or ceased at that time. The destruction mechanism of the KPR associated with the rifting of the PVB varies along strike the KPR. Adjacent to the triple-junction, the KPR was destroyed mainly due to the oblique intersection of the PVB rifting center. Whereas south of the triple-junction, the KPR was destroyed by the E-W-directional extensional faulting on its whole width.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Hindcasts of Stratospheric Sudden Warming by BCC_CSM1.1(m):A Comparison with ECMWF     

Jian RAO  Rongcai REN  Haishan CHEN  Xiangwen LIU  Yueyue YU  Yang YANG 《大气科学进展》2019,36(5):479-494

This study focuses on model predictive skill with respect to stratospheric sudden warming(SSW) events by comparing the hindcast results of BCC_CSM1.1(m) with those of the ECMWF's model under the sub-seasonal to seasonal prediction project of the World Weather Research Program and World Climate Research Program. When the hindcasts are initiated less than two weeks before SSW onset, BCC_CSM and ECMWF show comparable predictive skill in terms of the temporal evolution of the stratospheric circumpolar westerlies and polar temperature up to 30 days after SSW onset. However, with earlier hindcast initialization, the predictive skill of BCC_CSM gradually decreases, and the reproduced maximum circulation anomalies in the hindcasts initiated four weeks before SSW onset replicate only 10% of the circulation anomaly intensities in observations. The earliest successful prediction of the breakdown of the stratospheric polar vortex accompanying SSW onset for BCC_CSM(ECMWF) is the hindcast initiated two(three) weeks earlier. The predictive skills of both models during SSW winters are always higher than that during non-SSW winters, in relation to the successfully captured tropospheric precursors and the associated upward propagation of planetary waves by the model initializations. To narrow the gap in SSW predictive skill between BCC_CSM and ECMWF, ensemble forecasts and error corrections are performed with BCC_CSM. The SSW predictive skill in the ensemble hindcasts and the error corrections are improved compared with the previous control forecasts.  相似文献