The Relation between Tectonic Movement and Climatic Change     

Xuexiang Yang  Qiyuan Qiao  Dianyou Chen 《世界地质(英文版)》2003,6(1)

Climate and tectonics are two interactive factors in the earth's system. They are controlled by astronomical cycles. It has been unheeded for a long time that large-scale material motion caused by global climatic change is one of the powers for tectonic movement. Tectonic movement makes the distributional pattern of continent and ocean change and makes global climate type change strongly in large scale. It is a good example that the change of the sea-ice around Antarctic Continent and in the Drake Passage has the switch process for global climatic changes. Tide makes the oceanic crust of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean rise or fall 60 cm oppositely. Before and after El Nino events,the oceanic level of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean may rise or fall 40 cm oppositely. Because of isostasy, oceanic crust may fall or rise 13 or 20 cm. They are the reasons why El Nino events are interrelated with the earthquakes and volcanoes. This is so called seesaw phenomenon of oceanic crust.  相似文献   

Prevalence of the terrain reversal effect in satellite imagery     

Miguel-Angel Bernabé-Poveda 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2015,8(8):640-655

The terrain reversal effect is a perceptual phenomenon which causes an illusion in various 3D geographic visualizations where landforms appear inverted, e.g. we perceive valleys as ridges and vice versa. Given that such displays are important for spatio-visual analysis, this illusion can lead to critical mistakes in interpreting the terrain. However, it is currently undocumented how commonly this effect is experienced. In this paper, we study the prevalence of the terrain reversal effect in satellite imagery through a two-stage online user experiment. The experiment was conducted with the participation of a diverse and relatively large population (n = 535). Participants were asked to identify landforms (valley or ridge?) or judge a 3D spatial relationship (is A higher than B?). When the images were rotated by 180°, the results were reversed. In a control task with ‘illusion-free’ original images, people were successful in identifying landforms, yet a very strong illusion occurred when these images were rotated 180°. Our findings demonstrate that the illusion is acutely present; thus, we need a better understanding of the problem and its solutions. Additionally, the results caution us that in an interactive environment where people can rotate the display, we might be introducing a severe perceptual problem.  相似文献   

磁浮现与太阳表面活动现象的关系     

李理  张洪起 《天文研究与技术》2006,3(1):1-12

综述了近年来人们对磁浮现与耀斑，暗条，CME等太阳表面磁活动的相关关系的研究进展。概述了磁浮现的一些观测特性和理论研究现状。最后提出了今后对磁浮现做进一步研究工作的一些设想。  相似文献   

滇中城市群不透水表面时空变化与反常气候现象研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘志林  丁银平  角媛梅  王金亮  刘澄静  徐秋娥 《地理学报》2022,77(7):1775-1793

人类活动对全球气候变化的影响是学科前沿也是热点和难点,其中城市不透水表面（IS）的热岛、雨岛等气候现象是研究重点,但有关其他气候要素的研究尚有待开展。本文以全球30 m IS数据集(GAIA)和中国区0.1°地面气象要素数据集为数据源,通过Mann-Kendall（M-K）突变检验法和贝叶斯模型等方法,对滇中高原湖滨城市群在1985—2018年间IS的时空变化特征、气象要素变化与IS的关系,以及反常气候现象进行了刻画。结果表明,相较1985年滇中城市群的IS面积增加了227.56%,2007—2018年增长速度达到最快（89.85 km²/a）,主要在S、NE、SE、W 4个方向扩张;34 a滇中城市群气候整体经历冷湿（1985—1995年）、暖湿（1996—2006年）、暖干（2007—2018年）3个快速转化阶段;IS具有显著的“热岛现象（气温+0.63 ℃,长波+4.49 W m²）”“雨岛现象（降水+38.27 mm）”“湿岛现象（比湿+0.51 g/kg）”“风速低岛现象（风速-0.025 m/s）”和“气压高岛现象（气压+602.64 Pa）”;滇中城市群的长波辐射主要分布在313~329 W m²、比湿8.9~9.9 g/kg、气压76235~79946 Pa、短波186~194 W m²、降水840~876 mm和876~998 mm、风速2.08~2.38 m/s、气温13.85~15.85 ℃区间内,且显著受IS分布影响。IS对气压和湿度的影响具有“气压反温度现象”和“湿度反常现象”,这可能与副热带高压带控制、海拔和大型湖泊（湖陆风）影响有关。  相似文献   

Winkler地基上有限长梁联合共振分析     

赵跃宇  赵珧冰  马建军  金一鸣 《地震工程与工程振动》2012,32(2):160-166

为进一步完善弹性地基上梁的非线性振动理论以及满足实际工程的需要,本文对三种联合共振情况进行了研究。文中基于已建立的Winkler地基上有限长梁的非线性振动方程,运用Galerkin离散法以及多尺度法推导其稳态运动方程组,分析了主/次联合共振时,结构参数及初始条件对系统幅频响应曲线、调谐-相位曲线的影响,初步探讨了主/超联合共振、次/超联合共振的基本性质。研究结果表明:当且仅当两个激励频率是可公度关系时,联合共振才存在稳态响应;对于一个给定的调谐参数,系统最多存在七个解,而解的最终形式是由初始条件决定;系统参数及初始条件的微小变动,可能会激烈地改变系统的响应;工程中为了较好地抑制结构的振动,必须选择合适的方法提高系统的刚度。  相似文献   

南水北调潞王坟段弱膨胀土膨胀性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

项伟  董晓娟 《岩土力学》2012,33(4):986-992

河南新乡潞王坟段膨胀土系第三系泥灰岩风化而成,以高岭石黏土矿物为主,具有弱膨胀性,其膨胀变形特性受孔隙结构影响比较大。为了清楚地研究试验段弱膨胀土的膨胀特性,从有荷膨胀变形、膨胀应力、循环胀缩变形3个方面进行研究,得出不同于以往其他膨胀土的膨胀变形特性：（1）当初始干密度比较小时,上覆压力超过膨胀应力,此时试样遇水不发生膨胀变形,反而出现明显的湿陷现象;当压实度大于96%后,即使上覆压力超过膨胀应力,试样遇水后也不发生湿陷现象,膨胀变形随上覆压力增大而趋于稳定值;（2）试验段弱膨胀土的膨胀应力随初始含水率的增加先增大后减小,出现膨胀应力峰值;（3）随着循环胀缩级数的增加,弱膨胀土的胀缩特性迅速降低,在循环级数达到4时,其胀缩特性就趋于稳定。上述3方面的膨胀特性充分表明,该弱膨胀土的膨胀特性与孔隙结构有着密切的关系  相似文献   

大震前宏观异常的机理研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

聂永安  姚兰予  赵国敏 《地震工程学报》2009,31(2):196-200

主要通过对1975年海城地震前出现的宏观异常现象的分析,推测大震前在震源区的地下岩体中就已产生了贯通到近地面的规模不等的宏观裂缝,在构造应力场的持续作用下裂缝会进一步的扩张、错动和贯通形成更大规模的裂缝.而发震断层实际上是主震前沿发震断裂上的裂缝最后一次扩张、错动和贯通的结果.论证了大震之前这些裂缝的进一步的扩张以及沿这些裂缝热物质的上涌导致了震前形式多样的各种宏观前兆现象的产生.  相似文献   

中国台湾屏东海外7．2级地震前福州乌鸦咀电导率异常分析     

陈小云  曹轶 《地震地磁观测与研究》2009,30(6):27-31

通过对福州乌鸦咀泉电导率观测资料的分析,针对2006年4月至10月该测值出现的高值异常现象进行深入分析,并对可能出现的影响因素进行逐个分析排除,认为该异常为中国台湾屏东海外7．2级地震的震前异常。  相似文献   

TRANSPORT OF GRAVELS WITH DIFFERENT RANGES OF GRAIN SIZES IN A STEEP CHANNEL     

Jau-YauLU Chih-ChiangSU 《国际泥沙研究》2005,20(2):143-155

An understanding of the transport mechanism of gravel-bed rivers is very important for the river management and engineering works. The main objective of this study was to conduct a series of laboratory experiment in a steep flume to investigate the particle segregation and the transport rate of nonuniform gravel. Median sizes of 15 mm and 7.5 mm, and gradation coefficients of 1.5 and 2.0 were selected for the particle size distributions of nonuniform gravel. In addition to the 36 sets of data collected in this study, 635 sets of existing data for gravel with both nonuniform and nearly uniform sizes were analyzed. According to the results of the sieve analysis and the related theory, hiding functions for both particle size distributions of this study were derived. An attempt was made to develop an Einstein-type transport relationship for nonuniform gravel using dimensionless parameters with mean size as a representative particle size. A modified Schoklitsch-type sediment transport equation with a critical unit flow discharge was also developed to reasonably predict the transport rate of gravels. In addition, an artificial neural network (ANN) model with a back-propagation network (BPN) algorithm was also applied in this study.  相似文献   

新疆东北部三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷西山窑组层序地层格架及沉积相预测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张新涛  王英民  石文龙  赵刚锋 《地质论评》2009,55(2):181-190

综合应用岩芯、测井、三维地震等资料,对新疆东北部三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷西山窑组层序地层特征及沉积相进行系统研究。结果表明,西山窑组共识别出3个三级层序界面,将西山窑组分为2个三级层序（SQ1、SQ2）,识别出4种主要的沉积体系：即辫状河三角洲、辫状河、冲积扇及湖泊沉积体系。在层序格架内,应用属性分析、频谱分解等技术对马朗凹陷主要勘探层系西山窑组SQ1层序低位域砂体的分布进行刻画,并以此为依据,进一步研究了马朗凹陷SQ1层序低位域沉积相的平面展布特征及演化规律,最终建立了该时期沉积发育模式,为油田的勘探开发提供了地质依据。  相似文献