热带印度洋与全球大气相互作用的信息传输特征分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张志森  龚志强  叶天舒  颜鹏程  封国林 《大气科学》2015,39(3):461-473

基于气象场信息源汇概念和定义方法, 使用海表温度(SST)和位势高度场(GH)资料计算热带印度洋和全球大气相互作用过程中的信息传递, 给出了热带印度洋(20°S～20°N, 50°E～100°E)与热带地区、北半球和南半球大气之间的信息传递的区域分布特征, 并分析热带印度洋与大气相互作用中信息传递特征的季节差异和年代际变化。研究结果表明, 热带印度洋信息源主要分布在(10°S～10°N, 60°E～90°E)的区域内, 北半球和南半球大气信息汇均呈现显著的带状分布, 且主要分布在中纬度地区, 而热带地区的大气信息汇则主要分布于热带中东太平洋上空。热带印度洋对处在冬半年的半球的影响更强, 不同季节下热带印度洋与大气相互作用中的信息源汇证实了这一可能性。同时, 热带印度洋与大气之间的信息传递特征在20世纪70年代末期的年代际气候转型前后南北半球的变化不太一致:北半球大气对热带印度洋的响应存在不同程度的减弱, 南半球则存在不同程度的增强。  相似文献   

水泥材料碳汇研究综述     

郗凤明  石铁矛  王娇月  邴龙飞  张莹  刘竹 《气候变化研究进展》2015,11(4)

本文从水泥材料碳汇发生原理、碳化影响因素、混凝土水泥碳汇、砂浆水泥碳汇与水泥窑灰碳汇等方面,综述水泥材料整个生命周期碳汇的相关研究。众多研究表明,水泥材料的碳化过程受水泥的材料因素和环境因素影响较大;混凝土在在建筑使用阶段的碳汇量核算方法主要通过碳化深度定量表达,而在拆毁和回收利用阶段的碳汇核算方法缺乏;砂浆水泥和水泥窑灰的碳化速度要高于混凝土,但其碳汇核算方法仍未建立。今后的研究应侧重以下几个方面:继续加强水泥材料碳汇影响因素及相应碳化参数的研究,从生命周期角度系统建立完整的水泥材料碳汇核算方法体系;精确核算中国乃至全球水泥材料年碳吸收量、碳汇累积量,并分析水泥材料碳汇在碳失汇中的贡献比例;从生态学和气候变化视角阐述水泥材料碳汇对城市碳循环的影响。  相似文献   

利用高分辨率ERA-Interim再分析资料对2011年夏季江淮区域水汽汇的诊断分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

秦育婧  卢楚翰 《大气科学》2013,37(6):1210-1218

利用水平分辨率接近0.7°×0.7°、垂直方向60层的ERA-Interim再分析资料,分析了2011年夏季江淮区域水汽汇的演变及各项的贡献,研究了与水汽辐合项有关的水汽输送及相应的月平均环流和天气尺度扰动。结果表明:(1)ERA-Interim再分析资料对江淮区域夏季水汽平衡有较好的描述能力。由水汽辐合项与水汽局地变化项计算的水汽汇值和用降水与蒸发求得的水汽汇值高度一致,说明该资料可用于研究江淮区域的水汽汇。(2)2011年夏季江淮区域整体处于水汽汇区,且水汽汇值具有明显的2~6天的天气尺度振荡。降水对水汽汇的贡献远大于蒸发,而水汽辐合项与水汽局地变化项对水汽汇均有较大贡献,并且对水汽汇具有超前1~2天的指示作用。(3)月平均环流和天气尺度扰动均通过与水汽输送密切相关的水汽辐合项对江淮区域水汽汇产生显著影响。月际尺度的水汽汇变化与大尺度大气环流尤其是副高有密切关系;而江淮流域及西南地区的天气扰动对江淮区域水汽汇的天气尺度振荡起到至关重要的作用。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地二叠系源- 汇系统与古地理重建     

张志杰  周川闽  袁选俊  曹正林  陈星渝  万力  成大伟 《地质学报》2023,97(9):3006-3023

源- 汇系统是目前国内外地球科学领域的研究热点,对于含油气盆地古地理重建以及源储预测评价有着重要的指导作用。本文以准噶尔盆地二叠系为研究对象,通过基于盆地地质大剖面的构造- 层序特征分析、定年数据的物源体系演化分析和沉积过程约束的正演模拟等方法,深化了对准噶尔盆地二叠纪古地理格局的认识,探讨了二叠纪源- 汇系统演化特征与二叠系源储分布规律。早二叠世为盆地断陷发育期,以石炭系为主物源,除东南部发育海相- 海陆过渡相沉积外,总体以近物源扇三角洲- 湖相沉积体系为主,多断陷的沉积格局控制了玛湖等凹陷优质烃源岩的分布,与火山岩相关的扇三角洲前缘砂体与混积云质岩构成有利储集体;中二叠世为盆地断- 拗转换期,物源年龄开始趋于复杂,沉积中心、沉降中心较早二叠世明显向盆内迁移,早期断陷趋于连通,盆地西部仍以近物源的扇三角洲群- 湖相沉积体系为主,东南部则转换为远物源三角洲群- 湖盆沉积体系,在盆地中部发育连片分布的规模烃源岩,可与同期（扇）三角洲前缘形成良好的源储组合;晚二叠世进入盆地拗陷发育期,物源供给范围更广,物源年龄进一步复杂化,大型浅水湖盆发育远物源为主的退覆型河流- 三角洲沉积体系,为盆地规模油气成藏奠定了储层基础。  相似文献   

Reorganization of continent-scale sediment routing based on detrital zircon and rutile multi-proxy analysis     

Maximilian Dröllner  Milo Barham  Christopher L. Kirkland 《Basin Research》2023,35(1):363-386

The duration and extent of sediment routing systems are intrinsically linked to crustal- to mantle-scale processes. Therefore, distinct changes in the geodynamic regime may be captured in the detrital record. This study attempts to reconstruct the sediment routing system of the Canning Basin (Western Australia) during the Early Cretaceous to decipher its depositional response to Mesozoic-Cenozoic supercontinent dispersal. Specifically, we reconstruct source-to-sink relationships for the Broome Sandstone (Dampier Peninsula) and proximal modern sediments through multi-proxy analysis of detrital zircon (U–Pb, Lu–Hf and trace elements) and detrital rutile (U–Pb and trace elements). Multi-proxy comparison of detrital signatures and potential sources reveals that the majority of the detrital zircon and rutile grains are ultimately sourced from crystalline basement in central Australia (Musgrave Province and Arunta region) and that proximal sediment supply (i.e., Kimberley region) is negligible. However, a significant proportion of detritus might be derived from intermediate sedimentary sources in central Australia (e.g., Amadeus Basin) rather than directly from erosion of crystalline basement. Broome Sandstone data are consistent with a large-scale drainage system with headwaters in central Australia. Contextualization with other broadly coeval drainage systems suggests that central Australia acted as a major drainage divide during the Early Cretaceous. Importantly, reorganization after supercontinent dispersal is characterized by the continuation of a sediment pathway remnant of an earlier transcontinental routing system originating in Antarctica that provided a template for Early Cretaceous drainage. Review of older Canning Basin strata implies a prolonged denudation history of central Australian lithologies. These observations are consistent with the long-lived intracontinental tectonic activity of central Australia governing punctuated sediment generation and dispersion more broadly across Australia and emphasize the impact of deep Earth processes on sediment routing systems.  相似文献   

To Decipher the Ocean Carbon Sink Through Interdisciplinarity and the Integration of the Past and Present     

Jiao Nianzhi  Zhang Chuanlun  Xie Shucheng  Liu Jihua  Zhang Fei 《地球科学进展》2014,29(11):1294-1297

The ocean is the world’s largest active carbon pool and buffers global climate change. Current scientific research focuses on ocean carbon cycling and carbon sequestration mechanisms. The new cognition can be successfully reached only through interdisciplinary and integrative studies of the past and present oceans.  相似文献   

Impact of animal manure addition on the weathering of agricultural lime in acidic soils: The agent of carbonate weathering          下载免费PDF全文

SONG Chao  LIU Chang-li  ZHANG Yun  HOU Hong-bing 《地下水科学与工程》2017,5(2):202-212

Fertilization and aglime (agricultural lime) application, as important agricultural activities in acid soil, exert an influence on the fluxes of carbon both between and within ecosystems. Animal manure added to soil can elevate the soil CO2 and release organic acid due to microbial decomposition of the high organic matter content of animal manure. Additionally, the elevated CO2 can accelerate carbonate weathering in alkaline soil, such as lime soil. However, in acidic soil, it is unclear whether the chemical weathering of additive aglime can be quickened by the elevated CO2 due to animal manure addition. Thus, to ascertain the impact of animal manure addition on aglime weathering in acidic soil and to understand the weathering agent of aglime or underlying carbonate in the acidic soil profile, we established two contrasting profiles (control profile and manurial profile) in a cabbage-corn or capsicum-corn rotation in a field experiment site located in the HuaXi district of Guiyang, China, and buried carbonate rock tablets at different depths of soil profiles to calculate the dissolution rate of carbonate rock by monitoring the weights of the tablets. The results indicated that soil CO2 increased due to animal manure addition, but the rate of dissolution of the carbonate rock tablets was reduced, which was attributed to the increase in the pH in acidic soil after animal manure addition because the relationship between the dissolution rate of carbonate rock and soil pH indicated that the weathering rate of carbonate rock was controlled by pH and not by CO2 in acidic soil. Thus, the contribution of H+ ions (mainly exchangeable acid) in acid soil as a weathering agent to the weathering of underlying carbonate (and/or aglime) may lead to the overestimation of the CO2 consumption through chemical weathering at the regional/global scale using hydro-chemical methods.  相似文献   

钱塘江中下游沉积物磁性特征及其对沉积动力环境的指示意义     

张敏  时连强  郭俊丽  徐岱璐 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(2):181-191

利用2010年1月与2010年8月采集的钱塘江中下游河床沉积物粒度和磁性测量数据以及2010年8月测量的流速数据,分析了沉积物粒度和磁性的时空分布特征,探讨了粒度和磁性参数对沉积动力环境的指示意义.结果表明:(1)冬季河床沉积物以粉砂和黏土为主,夏季以粉砂和砂为主,沉积物粒度呈现从中游到富春江水库逐渐变细、近口段到河口...  相似文献   

基于热源作用的青藏高原东坡一次夜间暴雨的诊断分析          下载免费PDF全文

王政明  李国平 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(1):96-103

利用ERA5再分析资料、CMORPH融合降水资料和山地通量观测资料对2020年6月26日发生在四川冕宁一次夜间致灾暴雨进行综合诊断分析。结果表明：本次夜间暴雨发生前，白天地面热源存在明显的正异常变化，地面热源的正异常区与降水有很好的对应关系。同时大气热源（视热源和视水汽汇）与暴雨的关系密切且相互影响，降水释放凝结潜热，加热大气，使得视热源也随之增加。在暴雨发展强盛阶段，视水汽汇的垂直输送项达到最大，而视水汽汇的局地变化项能很好指示整个暴雨过程中区域水汽的净输送状况。  相似文献