TTI介质弹性波频率-空间域有限差分数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴国忱  罗彩明  梁楷 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(5):1023-1033

由周期性薄互层引起的VTI介质是研究比较广泛的一类各向异性介质。当VTI介质对称轴偏离垂向,本构坐标系与观测坐标系不重合时,会形成观测坐标系下的TTI介质。引入25点优化差分算子,推导出二维TTI介质频率域弹性波动方程;为压制边界反射,采用完全匹配层法吸收边界条件,并计算出优化差分系数;最后采用集中力源,模拟了弹性波在TTI介质中的传播过程。从波场快照和地面共炮记录可以看出,笔者采用的数值模拟算法能有效压制数值频散。TTI介质中的波场传播比较复杂,纵波传播相对稳定,横波波前的三分叉现象比较明显,并存在振幅奇异性。当VTI介质的对称轴偏转后,还会增加地面地震记录的复杂性。  相似文献   

Health Seeking Behavior: Q‐Structures of Rural and Urban Women in India with Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Reproductive Tract Infections     

Suprabha Tripathi 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(2):218-232

I use a gender framework to examine why women need to utilize social networks to discover and resolve problems related to reproductive tract infections (RTI) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In India, women's health is linked with social status and perception of their health needs. This paper provides insight on how social networks are gender‐, location‐, and context‐specific and how they are linked to STD issues. This paper examines why social networks are integral to women. The health‐seeking behavior of rural and urban casual sex workers is examined via Q‐analysis, a language of mapping relationships. Results from Q‐analysis reveal women's use of four systems—kinship, belief, traditional medical, and western medical services. Finally, I conclude with important implications for research on gender relations and social networks.  相似文献   

Joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion observations   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

J. Julià  C. J. Ammon  R. B. Herrmann  A. M. Correig 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,143(1):99-112

We implement a method to invert jointly teleseismic P wave receiver functions and surface wave group and phase velocities for a mutually consistent estimate of earth structure. Receiver functions are primarily sensitive to shear wave velocity contrasts and vertical traveltimes, and surface wave dispersion measurements are sensitive to vertical shear wave velocity averages. Their combination may bridge resolution gaps associated with each individual data set. We formulate a linearized shear velocity inversion that is solved using a damped leastsquares scheme that incorporates a priori smoothness constraints for velocities in adjacent layers. The data sets are equalized for the number of data points and physical units in the inversion process. The combination of information produces a relatively simple model with a minimal number of sharp velocity contrasts. We illustrate the approach using noisefree and realistic noise simulations and conclude with an inversion of observations from the Saudi Arabian Shield. Inversion results for station SODA, located in the Arabian Shield, include a crust with a sharp gradient near the surface (shear velocity changing from 1.8 to 3.5 km s¹ in 3 km) underlain by a 5kmthick layer with a shear velocity of 3.5 km s¹ and a 27kmthick layer with a shear velocity of 3.8 km s¹, and an upper mantle with an average shear velocity of 4.7 km s¹. The crustmantle transition has a significant gradient, with velocity values varying from 3.8 to 4.7 km s¹ between 35 and 40 km depth. Our results are compatible with independent inversions for crustal structure using refraction data.  相似文献   

ScSp observed on North Island, New Zealand: implications for subducting plate structure     

Michael Bourne  Graham Stuart 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,142(3):925-932

Seismic phase conversions provide important constraints on the layered nature of subduction zone structures. Recordings from digital stations in North Island, New Zealand, have been examined for converted ScS ‐to‐ p ( ScSp ) arrivals from deep (>150 km) Tonga–Kermadec earthquakes to image layering in the underlying Hikurangi subduction zone. Consistent P ‐wave energy prior to ScS has been identified from stations in eastern and southern North Island, where the subducted plate interface is at a depth of between 15 and 30 km. Two ScS precursors are observed. Ray tracing indicates that the initial precursor ( ScSp ₁) corresponds to conversion from the base of an 11–14 km thick subducting Pacific crust. The second precursor is interpreted as a conversion from the top of the subducting plate. The amplitude ratio, ScSp ₁: ScS , increases from 0.10 to 0.19 from northern to southern North Island. This is within the range expected from a simple first‐order velocity discontinuity at an oceanic Moho. A 1–2 km thick layer of low‐velocity sediment at the top of the subducting plate is required to explain the remaining ScSp waveform. Our results imply that the abnormally thick Hikurangi–Chatham Plateau has been subducting beneath New Zealand for at least 2.9 Myr, thus explaining the high uplift rates observed across eastern North Island.  相似文献   

Seismic wave propagation in cracked porous media   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Tim Pointer  Enru Liu  & John A. Hudson 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,142(1):199-231

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三维地震勘探技术预测瓦斯的可行性研究     

杨双安  宁书年  张会星  储文胜 《煤田地质与勘探》2006,34(3):72-74

常规地震勘探方法都是基于单相介质中的弹性波动方程,忽略了流体对地震波传播规律的影响。本文基于双相介质理论,探讨了游离态的瓦斯在煤田地震资料上的地震波场特征,旨在有效地判断瓦斯的富集区域,防治煤与瓦斯突出给矿井生产带来的灾难。   相似文献   

地球科学数据共享与数据网格技术   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

孙九林  李爽 《地球科学》2002,27(5):539-543

网格思想起源于2 0世纪60年代, 近十年来, 基于计算机技术及其相关学科的迅猛发展, 网格技术的研究进入了一个超速发展时期.相应地, 地球信息科学也因计算机和遥感技术而产生了革命性的进展, 每天获得的数以Tb、Pb的地学数据得不到有效利用的问题日益困扰广大地学工作者.将网格技术引入地学数据存储和共享系统将有助于解决这一难题.   相似文献   

考虑固结效应的溶质传输研究     

王水林  冯夏庭  葛修润 《岩土力学》2004,25(5):681-683

传统的孔隙介质水动力学采用对流-扩散方程,研究溶质在流体中的迁移。在这个过程中,孔隙介质被认为是不变形的,因而是一个稳态问题。针对二维情况下孔隙介质变形对溶质传输的影响,给出了考虑孔隙介质固结效应的溶质传输方程,并且探讨了该类问题的求解方法。  相似文献   

格网技术对地理信息系统应用与发展影响的分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

夏曙东李琦  承继成 《地球信息科学学报》2003,5(4):53-56

格网技术作为新一代的 Web技术 ,必将深刻影响地理信息系统的发展。格网计算为数据密集型空间分析提供了计算资源支持。数据格网为海量空间数据分布式存储、管理、传输、分析提供了一体化的解决方法。格网技术为 VRGIS实时场景渲染和海量场景数据存储以及 GIS互操作问题的解决提供了一种新的思路。利用格网中的智能体组件动态组装应用软件将对 GIS应用开发方式产生重大影响。通过建立空间信息格网可以实现我国地理信息系统产业跨越式发展。  相似文献   

交通廊道对城市社会空间的侵入作用——以北京市德外大街改造工程为例   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

周尚意  王海宁  范砾瑶 《地理研究》2003,22(1):96-104

城市社会空间是城市规划和城市地理学的重要研究内容。城市实体结构是城市社会空间的重要影响因子,而城市交通廊道又是最活跃的一种城市实体要素。交通廊道对城市社会空间的作用有侵入、隔离、接替等。本文以北京市德外大街改造工程为例,分析交通廊道对所经过的社会空间的影响。就其理论意义而言,从一个侧面挖掘了美国地理学家莫迪“城市社会空间结构模型”中城市实体层面对社会空间层面的作用机制,即交通廊道是通过切断社会空间关联来影响所经社会空间的。就其实践意义而言,提出在城市大型交通廊道建设中,应该注意保持城市居民生活基本空间单元的完整性。同时指出城市社会空间是一个有机体,不同类型的城市社会空间单元在适应实体空间变化上存在差异性。帕森斯的AGIL理论可以解释德外社区为什么可以积极地适应交通廊道的侵入。  相似文献