Mineralogy,geochemistry, and sulfur isotope characteristics of sediment-hosted hydrothermal sulfide minerals from the southern Okinawa Trough     

Yamin Yang  Zhigang Zeng  Xuebo Yin  Xiaoyuan Wang  Shuai Chen  Haiyan Qi  Zuxing Chen  Bowen Zhu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(10):129-143

Studies of the mineralogy and sulfur isotope composition of sediment-hosted hydrothermal sulfide minerals in cores are important for understanding the seafloor mineralization environment and material source and reconstructing the hydrothermal history. However, the source of ore-forming materials and the history of hydrothermal activity in the southern Okinawa Trough (SOT) remain unclear. Here, the mineralogy and sulfur isotope characteristics of sulfides from gravity core HOBAB4-S2, collected between the Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal field (HF) and the Tangyin HF, was investigated. Enrichments in Zn (up to 321×10?6), Cu (up to 73.7×10?6), and Pb (up to 160×10?6) and the presence of pyrite, galena, pyrrhotite and minor sphalerite and chalcopyrite provide evidence for the input of hydrothermal materials into the sediments. The pyrite morphologies include disseminated cubic, pentagonal dodecahedron, and framboidal forms. Except for minor framboidal pyrite, euhedral pyrite from core HOBAB4-S2 is mainly of hydrothermal origin with Co/Ni ratios >1 and S/Fe atomic ratios <2 in the Cu-Zn-Pb-rich layers. The occurrences of hexagonal pyrrhotite, high-Co (up to 0.17%) pyrite and high-Fe sphalerite indicate that the hydrothermal precipitates formed at medium-high temperatures and low-sulfur fugacity (fS₂) environments. The δ34S values of sulfides (0.21‰–3.45‰) with low- fS₂ mineral assemblages (e.g., pyrrhotite ± high-Fe sphalerite) in the core are significantly lower than those of magmatic rocks and seawater, indicating possible incorporation of previously formed biogenic sulfur in the sediment. Combined with the age model of the core, it is suggested that hydrothermal activity likely began in the Tangyin HF before AD 1445–1483 and that at least three active episodes may have occurred since then.  相似文献   

Disturbance of meromixis in saline Lake Shira (Siberia,Russia): Possible reasons and ecosystem response     

《Limnologica》2017

Saline Lake Shira (Southern Siberia, Russia) was meromictic through the observation period 2002–2015. During the under-ice periods of 2015 and 2016, complete mixing of the water column was recorded for the first time, and hydrogen sulphide temporarily disappeared from the water column of the lake; i.e. in those years the lake turned to holomixis. In the summer of 2015, a sharp increase in chlorophyll a, organic carbon, zooplankton, and phytoflagellates was observed in the lake, which was probably due to the release of nutrients from the monimolimnion. Purple sulfur bacteria completely disappeared from the lake after the first mixing in 2015, and did not reappear despite the restoration of meromixis in 2017. Thus, it was demonstrated that purple sulfur bacteria are sensitive to the weakening of the stratification of Lake Shira. Based on the data of the seasonal monitoring of temperature and salinity profiles over the period 2002–2017, it was presumed that the main cause of deep mixing in 2015 was the weakening of the salinity gradient due to strong wind impact and early ice retreat in the spring of 2014. In addition, it was shown that in previous years a significant contribution to the maintenance of meromixis was made by an additional influx of fresh water, which caused a rise in the lake level in the period 2002–2007. Thus, we identified a relationship between the stratification regime of the lake and the change in its level, which provides valuable information both for the forecast of water quality and for reconstruction of the Holocene climate humidity in this region of Southern Siberia from the sediment cores of Lake Shira.  相似文献   

浅水湖泊湖泛(黑水团)中的微生物生态学研究进展   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

邢鹏  胡万婷  吴瑜凡  吴庆龙 《湖泊科学》2015,27(4):567-574

"湖泛"是指湖泊水体中(包括沉积物)富含大量藻源性(或草源性)的生物质,在微生物的分解作用下,大量消耗氧气,出现厌氧分解,微生物在还原条件下,促进许多"黑臭"物质的形成,进而影响水质和湖泊生态系统结构与功能乃至造成环境灾难.与湖泛发生时的环境特征(如低溶解氧,低p H,高有机质,高总磷、总氮)相对应的是其简化的食物网结构和特殊的微生物类群.本文将主要针对湖泛中的微生物群落及其在物质循环中的作用展开综述.研究显示湖泛水体中主要微生物类群,如真菌、细菌厚壁菌门的梭菌以及产甲烷古菌等,在有机质的快速分解和厌氧矿化过程中发挥着重要作用;沉积物中主要的微生物功能群,如硫酸盐还原细菌、铁还原细菌、甲烷厌氧氧化菌和反硝化细菌等,是湖泛致黑物质形成的关键.缺氧及厌氧条件下碳、硫和铁等元素生物地球化学过程的相互关联以及多种微生物之间形成的互营共生可能是湖泛过程中功能微生物的重要特征.湖泛中微生物功能的进一步研究,亟需借鉴海洋低氧区及深海沉积物的经验,引用先进研究手段,提出可靠的生物地球化学证据.浅水湖泊湖泛(黑水团)中的微生物生态学探索将有助于从机理上揭示湖泛黑臭的成因.  相似文献   

三峡库区沉积物还原性无机硫形态的分布特征、控制因素及对内源磷释放的影响     

王耀  茅昌平  贾志敏  王帅  饶文波 《湖泊科学》2023,35(2):460-472

还原性无机硫(RIS)包括硫酸盐还原产物和活性铁(Fe_HR)形成的酸可挥发性硫(AVS)、硫的中间产物元素硫(S⁰)及沉积物中硫铁元素的最终积累物质黄铁矿硫(S_py),RIS不仅可以影响沉积物重金属的生物有效性,还控制铁还原及内源磷的释放等生源要素的地球化学行为。为了研究三峡库区沉积物中RIS分布特征及其环境意义,于2017年7—8月和12月采集三峡库区云阳至秭归段17个点的表层沉积物样品并测定其RIS含量。结果表明:与其他湖泊、河流相比,三峡库区表层沉积物RIS含量较低,其中,AVS的含量为0.06～0.65μmol/g,S⁰为0.50～1.66μmol/g,S_py为0.96～17.54μmol/g.AVS和S⁰含量夏季高于冬季,云阳至秭归段RIS变化趋势大致为先降低后增加再降低,有较明显的季节和地域差异。相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析表明,研究区沉积物生物可利用磷(BAP)、Fe_HR及上覆水体SO₄  相似文献   

Sulfur and nitrogen budgets for five forested appalachian plateau basins     

CHARLES L. DOW  DAVID R. DeWALLE 《水文研究》1997,11(7):801-816

Sulfur and nitrogen input–output budgets were estimated for five forested Appalachian Plateau basins in Pennsylvania for the period October 1988 to March 1990. Wet and dry deposition inputs were determined on a weekly basis from data collected at atmospheric deposition monitoring stations located near the study sites. Stream export was estimated from intensively sampled stream chemistry and continuous discharge data collected on all five basins. On four of the five basins, deposited sulfur was essentially in balance with stream flow export of sulfur (92–120% exported) for the 1989 water year. The fifth basin had net retention of deposited sulfur, with only 42% exported. All five basins retained the vast majority of deposited nitrogen (only 3–18% exported). The fraction of atmospherically deposited sulfur exported in stream flow was greater by a mean factor of 14 versus nitrogen, implying that sulfur dominates base cation leaching processes on these non-carbonate-based catchments. Although basins in the study were relatively homogeneous in terms of topography, climate, geology and land use, local basin conditions caused significant differences in input–output budgets, pointing to the need for replicated basin studies in a region. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

四川盆地H2S的硫同位素组成及其成因探讨   总被引：23，自引：3，他引：20  

朱光有  张水昌  梁英波  戴金星 《地球化学》2006,35(4):432-442

四川盆地天然气绝大部分含有硫化氢,部分含量高达15%以上。其中高含硫化氢天然气主要分布在三叠系飞仙关组、雷口坡组和嘉陵江组;震旦系、石炭系、二叠系属于低含硫化氢,上三叠统须家河组和侏罗系属于微含硫化氢或不含硫化氢天然气藏。研究表明,三叠系飞仙关组、雷口坡组和嘉陵江组、震旦系、石炭系储层中发育的膏质岩类为TSR形成硫化氢提供了物质基础;富含有机硫源岩的高温裂解是二叠系低含硫化氢天然气的主要成因。硫同位素组成表明,高含硫化氢天然气的硫同位素比储层硫酸盐硫同位素δ34S亏损7‰～11‰;而低含硫化氢天然气硫同位素分布区间较宽,在0‰～20‰之间,大部分比同期硫酸盐的硫同位素轻15‰左右。四川盆地三叠系膏岩的硫同位素值分布较宽,并呈现阶梯状变化,而硫化氢的硫同位素则呈现出相似的分布规律,表明各气层硫化氢中的硫来自于本层系的硫酸盐,即TSR发生在各自的储集层中;另外四川盆地三叠系TSR发生时各气藏的温度条件相近,即各气藏的硫化氢在大致相同的温度条件下发生;同时也说明TSR过程中硫同位素的分馏过程与硫酸盐本身硫同位素数值的高低无关,而与TSR反应的温度条件和反应程度有关。还建立了运用硫化氢的硫同位素和含量判识硫化氢成因类型的模式。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷盐湖相烃源岩有机硫同位素分布特征及其地球化学意义     

柯昌炜  李素梅  张洪安  徐田武  张云献  曾凡纲  张树海  张韩静 《现代地质》2021,35(2):301-314

盐湖相烃源岩单体烃硫同位素分布特征和影响因素研究薄弱.采用气相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱,结合色谱/质谱、微量元素以及碳氧同位素技术,对东濮凹陷北部盐湖相烃源岩进行了分析.结果 表明,不同单体含硫化合物的δ34S值有较大差异,以δ34S=25.00‰为界,将烃源岩分成了两类,第一类:δ34S＞25.00‰,主要为卫城地...  相似文献   

西藏扎西康矿集区夏隆岗铅锌矿床地质特征及其成矿物质来源研究:硫化物原位S同位素制约     

刘宇奇  张志  李光明  卿成石  张林奎  凌晨  马国桃 《矿物岩石》2021,41(1):93-105

夏隆岗铅锌矿床是扎西康矿集区内新近发现的铅锌矿床.矿床已发现的铅锌矿体受控于北东向、近南北向断裂构造.通过系统的钻孔编录,结合脉体穿插关系及矿物共生组合特征,可将矿床热液成矿期分为3个阶段.分别为:铁锰碳酸盐—多金属硫化物阶段(S1);石英—方解石—多金属硫化物阶段(S2);石英—硫盐矿物阶段(S3).本次研究系统测试...  相似文献   

珠江口淇澳岛海岸带沉积物中硫酸盐还原和不同形态硫的分布   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

尹希杰  周怀阳  杨群慧  孙治雷 《海洋学报》2010,32(3):31-39

对珠江口淇澳岛海岸带3个站位(QA-11,QA-9和QA-14)的沉积物中不同形态的还原硫(酸可挥发性硫,黄铁矿和有机硫)、总有机碳(TOC)和孔隙水中SO42-,甲烷浓度进行了测定,并且利用稳态扩散模型计算其中2个站位(QA-9和QA-14)硫酸盐还原通量[1.74和1.14 mmol/(m2.d)]和甲烷厌氧氧化通量[0.34和0.29 mmol/(m2.d)]。研究结果表明由于潮间带沉积物受到SO42-供给的限制,因此位于潮间带的QA-11站位硫酸盐还原带较浅(约16 cm);在潮下带的QA-9和QA-14站位,随离海岸距离和水深的增加,硫酸盐还原通量呈现减小的趋势,并且硫酸还原逐渐受到可利用活性有机质的限制;甲烷厌氧氧化对硫酸盐还原的贡献表现出增加的趋势,由19.2%增加至25.5%。三个站位沉积物中按不同形态还原硫含量由大到小列出,它们是有机硫(OS)、黄铁矿(DS)、酸可挥发性硫(AVS)。沉积物中AVS的空间分布与硫酸盐还原通量有正相关性。QA-11和QA-14站位的黄铁矿与AVS硫的含量比值大于3,分别为7.9和3.6,表明两个站位的黄铁矿形成可能受硫酸盐还原作用的控制;QA-9站位黄铁矿与AVS硫的含量比值为2.2,暗示AVS向黄铁矿转化受到可利用活性铁的限制。  相似文献   

台湾东北部龟山岛附近海域自然硫烟囱体的铅同位素组成及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

刘长华  汪小妹  曾志刚  姜学均  殷学博  陈镇东 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(4):393-399

为了探讨龟山岛附近热液自然硫烟囱体的物质来源,通过测定烟囱体内铅同位素的组成特征,分析了该地区热液活动的铅元素物源.研究结果表明,龟山岛附近热液自然硫烟囱体中的铅同位素组成具有很小的变化范围和较均一的铅同位素组成特征,但是与其它深海热液沉积物的铅源不同,与北半球铅同位素的参考线(NHRL)相距甚远.虽然自然硫烟囱体出现在海水环境,但是海水对其不存在铅的贡献,烟囱体内的元素铅主要是陆壳来源.根据以上结果可以进一步推断,龟山岛热液活动区的下伏地层中,存在一定分布范围的陆壳,这对于研究该地区复杂的地质构造特征具有一定意义.  相似文献