大型水泥厂大气影响预测中污染源简化处理的一种方法     

吴万友  吕小明 《气象与减灾研究》1997,(3)

在大气环境影响评价工作中，对于多源问题通常采用逐个计算叠加的方法。本文介绍了在大型水泥厂大气环境影响预测中，对数量众多的粉尘排放源进行简化处理的一种方法。在瑞昌水泥厂的环境影响评价中，我们采用了这种方法，并对这种方法得到的结果进行了比较验证，讨论了这种方法的合理性和可行性。通过这种简化处理，可以使大气预测工作更简单化，更省时。  相似文献   

Hydrological impacts of flow regulation associated with the Upper Nepean water supply scheme,NSW     

《The Australian geographer》1995,26(1):71-86

The upper Nepean River has been progressively regulated for water supply to Sydney and Wollongong since 1886 by the Upper Nepean Water Supply Scheme which consists of four large dams, two small dams and two diversion weirs. Secular rainfall changes produced periods of high rainfall and large floods (flood‐dominated regimes) between 1857 and 1900 and 1947 and the present, and an intervening period (1901–46) of low rainfall and small floods (drought‐dominated regime). Upstream impoundment and flow regulation significantly reduced flood magnitudes for most return periods during both types of flood regimes. The probability distribution of mean daily flows was also changed significantly by flow regulation such that during the drought‐dominated regime, the high and low frequency flows were reduced substantially but the moderate frequency flows were increased due to dam releases; the change from a regulated drought‐dominated regime to a regulated flood‐ dominated regime resulted in a substantial increase in discharge for most durations; and increased water diversions to Wollongong during the current flood‐dominated regime produced a marked downward shift in the whole flow duration curve. Nepean Dam reduced downstream suspended sediment yields by two orders of magnitude because it traps in excess of 99 per cent of the inflowing suspended sediment load. Streamflow releases are urgently required from the two diversion weirs to improve downstream water quality and to ensure the viability of the resident ‘potentially threatened’ eastern Macquarie perch (Macquaria nov. sp.).  相似文献   

GPS用于海上定位的模拟试验     

杜自钦 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(1)

文中给出了在海洋测量中用全球定位系统(GPS)伪距以及伪距和载波相位相结合进行定位的数学模型,并用这些模型分析了TL-4100接收机在地面点上70分钟的单点实测资料。分析指出,考虑高程先验信息时,消除了目前P-码三维单点定位特有的零定位现象,并使定位的平面精度优于±5米。P-码伪距和载波相位相结合的单点定位,可以达到优于±0.5米的重复精度。  相似文献   

FFT实现物理大地测量边值问题类型转换     

黄永强 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(4)

本文讨论了用快速付里叶变换(FFT)由大地水准面高度数据反算重力异常数据,由此提出了用FFT实现物理大地测量过值问题类型转换这一思想,并与正交基函数法进行了比较,从而得出运用FFT这一方法能达到简化边值问题本身和运算步骤以及节省计算时间的目的。  相似文献   

HF doppler observations on the occurrence of equatorial spread-F     

B. T. Vikram Kumar  P. Velayudhan Nair  P. B. Rao 《Journal of Earth System Science》1985,94(3):261-267

HF doppler observations of the vertical drift velocity and group height of the 5.5 MHz plasma frequency level of the post-sunset bottomside F-region obtained on a fewESF (equatorial spread-F) and non-ESF days at Trivandrum are presented. The results show that on the non-ESF days, the maximum group height attained is about 400 km and the maximum velocity is less than 30 m/sec. On theESF days, however, the corresponding values are found to be in the range of 400–650 km and 30–50 m/sec. TheESF onset is found to be significantly delayed relative to the velocity peak indicating that it is more closely linked to the layer height than to the drift velocity.  相似文献   

黄土地基强夯后消除湿陷性的有效深度的研究     

庄乐和  黄新乾  方云 《地球科学》1985,(1)

本文是研究湿陷性黄土地基经强夯后(自原地面算起)消除黄土湿陷性的有效深度。为了建立强夯变量(夯锤重量W、落距H、夯锤底面积的半径r、夯击次数N、土的干容重γd和含水量w)与消除黄土湿陷性的有效深度之间的关系,作者做了黄土强夯的室内模型试验,取得强整变量与消除湿陷性的有效深度有关的各项数据,同时也收集了现场强夯试验的各项数据,应用统计分拆,得到了估算消除湿陷性的有效深度的经验公式。  相似文献   

Temporal variations in coda duration of local earthquakes in the Wellington region,New Zealand     

R. Robinson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1987,125(4):579-596

Temporal variations of coda duration, relative to event magnitude, for local earthquakes near Wellington have been investigated. The region is one of plate convergence and subduction. The data consist of routinely made observations for events from 1978 through 1985 (1552 events), magnitude 1.6 to 5.2, depth 0.5 to 90.0 km. The observed average (over time) correspondence between duration (as measured from the origin time) and magnitude is reasonably well predicted by the single backscattering theory of coda formation for events of magnitude 4 or less; for larger events the observed durations are longer than predicted. This theory predicts that a temporal increase in scattering attenuation will reduce the coda duration relative to magnitude. Thus, any temporal changes in the duration-magnitude relation can be interpreted in terms of changes inQ. However, it is necessary to consider spatial biases since the observed durations are relatively long for shallow events and, for events of all depths, at stations situated in the south-eastern half of the region, usually believed part of the accretionary border. For both these situations other evidence would suggest that the scattering coefficient would be relatively high (lowQ). These observations may be due to a relatively high component of surface wave scattering and the importance of multiple scattering in the later part of the coda in regions of lowQ as suggested by finite element studies of coda formation. Despite the lack of any significant earthquakes during the 1978–1985 period there is nevertheless a significant temporal change in duration observed in the Wellington region: a change from relatively long to relatively short codas occurred in mid-1981. This change correlates well with changes in the rate of activity,b-value, radon emission, and ground tilt as derived from lake levels. It is not yet clear how all these parameters are related physically, but an episode of aseismic slip, or creep, along the plate interface below the region may have been the cause.  相似文献   

Digital topography of volcanoes from radar interferometry: an example from Mt Vesuvius,Italy     

Peter J. Mouginis-Mark  Harold Garbeil 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(8):566-570

A new airborne radar technique can generate digital topographic data for volcanoes at a scale of 10 m spatial and 1–5 m vertical, with a swath width of 6.4 km. Called TOPSAR, the intrument is an interferometric radar flown on the NASA DC-8 aircraft. TOPSAR data permit the quantification of volcano slopes, volumes, and heights, and as such will be valuable for the analysis of lava flows, domes, and lahar channels. This instrument will be flown over several volcanoes in the near future, providing volcanologists with valuable data sets for the analysis of high-resolution topography. We briefly illustrate the potential use of TOPSAR data through examples from Mt Somma and Vesuvius, Italy.  相似文献   

DEM中线性信息提取方法研究     

苏丹丹  刘光胜 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,(Z1)

DEM中线性信息提取方法按照提取时使用信息范围的广度可分为全局方法和局部方法。其中全局方法包括确定水流模型方法和随机水流模型方法,局部方法包括垂向截面方法、水平截面方法和曲面拟合方法。并对各方法及其改进方法进行了研究。  相似文献   

杂交水稻株型因素的相关性及其规律   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

潘永地  姚克敏  胡雪琼 《南京气象学院学报》2003,26(4):538-544

根据我国超级杂交稻育种研究的技术思路 ,以两优培九 (培矮 6 4S/931 1 )、6 5396、931 1、E32、汕优 6 3、培矮 6 4S、399等 7个株型特性不同的品种 (组合 )为材料 ,测定了 4类 2 0项株型因素并作相关分析。认为株高和叶角是超高产育种和栽培的两项最主要的株型因素。通过对生态条件和两优培九株高变化关系的分析 ,有平均株高的 1 2 .6 %是由温度引起的 ,并建立了株高的生态预测模型。通过对抽穗后顶部三叶的 8种叶角度配置的单位受光量的理论模拟计算证明 ,理想的株型应以剑叶与倒二叶距离 ( d1 2 )为 1 5cm,倒二叶与倒三叶距离 ( d2 3)为 2 5cm,叶角配置应以 4°～ 6°(剑叶 ) ,9°～ 1 1°(倒二叶 ) ,1 4°～ 1 6°(倒三 )为宜。这些结果可以为超级杂交稻株型育种提供依据。  相似文献