乌鲁木齐国际机场2001年5月11日强沙暴天气分析     

张利平  王春红  胡建军 《气象》2003,29(6):46-49

从天气形势、天气特点、卫星云图、雷达回波等方面对乌鲁木齐国际机场2001年5月11日发生的强沙尘暴天气进行了分析。结果表明，这是一次由冷锋尾部前方产生的对流云团触发的强沙尘暴天气，该对流云团具有超级雷暴单体的性质。  相似文献   

Polyatomic Interferences Produced by Macroelements During Direct Multi-Elemental ICP-MS Hydrochemical Analysis     

Vladimir N. Epov  Dominic Lariviere  Ekaterina N. Epova  R. Douglas Evans 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(2):213-224

An experimental study of the interferences produced by macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Sr, S, Cl, Si, N and C) contained in natural waters during inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented. The most significant interferences created by these elements were found to be SO, CO, CAr, SiH, SiO, NaH, NaAr, MgAr, CaO, KO and KAr, the magnitude of which was dependant on the concentration of each macroelement. To reduce these interferences, different approaches, for example, desolvating nebulisation, high resolution and dynamic reaction cell ICP-MS were applied and compared. All three approaches were found to be useful tools for significantly reducing various polyatomic interferences. Advantages and disadvantages for each approach are discussed.  相似文献   

Improvement in the interpretation of stress measurements by use of the overcoring method: development of a new approach     

K. Fouial  M. Alheib  H. Baroudi  C. Trentsaux 《Engineering Geology》1998,49(3-4):239-252

Determination of the state of the initial stresses in a rock formation is still one of the most important and complex problems in geotechnics. The over-coring method of measuring the stresses is one of the measurement methods most frequently used in geotechnics. It has been shown to be highly suitable for measuring the stresses in “hard and sound” rocks. However, applied to rocks which have a partialy elastic behaviour the method comes up against many problems the biggest of which are: (1) the non-elastic behaviour of the rock; and (2) the presence of natural fractures or those caused by the overcoring operation. These problems make it impossible to obtain correct deformation measurements which can be interpreted in terms of stresses. To overcome these problems, a new method has been developed based on the use of the deformations recorded at the start of the overcoring tests this method is the subject of the present article.  相似文献   

云南大理州近40年雷暴日数演变的分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄慧君 《云南地理环境研究》2007,19(3):18-20

利用大理州12个站1961～2004年的逐日气象观测资料,对雷暴的时间、空间分布特点和变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:大理州一年四季均有雷暴出现,即使在最冷的12月和1月.雷暴的出现主要集中在雨季(5月～10月),特别是6月～9月;大理州的雷暴具有空间分布不均匀的特征,但全州均属多雷暴区;20世纪60年代、70年代为多雷暴期,进入80年代后,雷暴日逐渐减少.  相似文献   

The physics of thundercloud and lightning discharge. Comment on the note by Earle Williams and Sharon Stanfill The physical origin of the land–ocean contrast in lightning activity     

Constantin Pontikis  Elizabeth Hicks  Nathalie Michalon 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(15):1409-1412

The arguments and conclusions of the commented Williams and Stanfill article in relation to the validity of the thermal and aerosol hypotheses advanced in order to explain the land–ocean contrast in lightning activity are critically re-examined. This re-examination reveals that the analysis presented by these authors is incomplete, thus weakening the corresponding conclusions. To cite this article: C. Pontikis et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

广州市雷暴日异常的基本气候特征及其与近海海温关系初探   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：8  

陈绍东  林奕峰  区永平 《热带气象学报》2004,20(1):106-112

分析了广州市雷暴日变化的基本气候特征。结果表明:广州市雷暴日主要集中在5～8月,占全年雷暴日总量的71.38%,雷暴日的季节分布具有双峰型的特征。近48年以来广州市雷暴日呈明显的下降趋势。广州市5～8月的雷暴日与同期850hPa大气环流的关系:多雷暴年整个亚洲中纬地区(35N)有明显的偏西风距平,南海及广东以及向北延伸的广大地区的西南及偏南气流盛行,少雷暴年则刚好相反。与近海海温做了简单的相关分析,得出:广州市雷暴日与前期4～6月印尼附近西太平洋海温呈负相关的变化趋势。  相似文献   

绵阳突发性大暴雨成因分析     

梁立光  蒲明 《气象》2002,28(8):37-40

在持续了一个月的阴雨天气、能量不足和大气层结稳定的条件下，绵阳市在2001年9月19－20日突发了罕见的特大暴雨，并伴有强雷暴天气发生。利用天气学原理及过程前后的能量条件等对这次突发性大暴雨作了初步分析。认为次天气尺度的低层Ω型锢囚高能舌的存在和高能区北伸是形成这次大暴雨的主要原因。  相似文献   

Short‐term changes in the plan shape of a sandy beach in response to sheltering by a nearshore mud bank,Cayenne, French Guiana     

Edward J. Anthony  Antoine Gardel  Franck Dolique  Daniel Guiral 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2002,27(8):857-866

Montjoly is a headland‐bound embayed sandy beach in Cayenne, French Guiana, that shows long‐term plan shape equilibrium in spite of periodic changes in accretion and erosion that alternately affect either end of the beach. These changes are caused by mud banks that move alongshore from the Amazon. The mechanisms involved in changes in the plan shape of the beach in response to the passage of one of these mud banks were monitored between 1997 and 2000 from airborne video imagery and field work. The beach longshore drift to the northwest, driven by the incident easterly to northeasterly swell usually affecting this coast, became temporarily reversed as the mud bank, migrating from east to west, initially sheltered the southeastern end of the beach. The difference in exposure to waves engendered a negative wave height gradient alongshore towards the southeast, resulting in the setting up of a cell circulation and counter‐active longshore drift from the exposed northwestern sector to the southeast. Sand eroded from the exposed sector accumulated first in the southeastern, and then the central sectors of the beach. The effect of increasing beach sheltering by the mudbank moving west is highlighted on the videographs by an ‘arrested’ pattern of beach shoreline development. The videographs show hardly any changes in beach plan shape since January 1999, due to sheltering of the beach from wave attack by the mud bank. It is expected that the eroded sector will recover in the future as the mud bank passes, leading to re‐establishment of the northwesterly sand drift. This temporally phased bi‐directional drift within the confines of the bounding headlands results in a rare example of mud‐bank‐induced beach rotation, and probably explains the long‐term equilibrium plan shape of Montjoly beach. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2001年河南两次强对流天气过程对比分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

匡晓燕  席世平等 《河南气象》2002,(4):11-13

对2001年连续两次发生在河南省的以冰雹和雷雨大风等强对流天气为主的过程对比分析结果表明，在不同的天气背景下，强对流过程中的中尺度雷达回波系统不同，对应的灾害性天气的各类和影响范围也不相同。  相似文献   

雷雨天气对负氧离子浓度的影响     

卢振礼  杨成芳  崔广暑  安源  张文琴  秦兰 《气象科技》2021,49(2):284-290

空气负氧离子含量已经成为康养、生态旅游区域评价的主要指标之一，沿海区域的空气负氧离子含量较高，受雷雨等天气因子的影响显著。本文利用日照大沙洼国家森林公园空气负氧离子逐日监测数据、闪电定位仪监测数据和自动气象站雨量、雨强监测资料，分析检验雷雨天气相关气象因子与空气负氧离子浓度变化率的关系。结果表明：①雷雨天气与负氧离子浓度的变化率具有显著相关性，雷雨时负氧离子的浓度变化率高于无雷雨时的负氧离子浓度变化率。②在发生雷雨的初始阶段，雷雨因子对空气负氧离子浓度变化率的影响较明显，随着雷雨的持续，雷雨因子对空气负氧离子浓度影响趋于平缓，并呈现出波动变化。③雷雨过程中，降雨强度和空气负氧离子浓度变化率存在显著正相关关系，降雨越强空气中的负氧离子含量增加越明显;闪电强度和空气负氧离子浓度变化率也存在显著正相关关系，闪电强度越强空气中负氧离子含量增加越明显。④由负氧离子浓度变化率与降雨强度、闪电强度建立的回归模型及其检验可知，对降雨强度大于1.0 mm/5min、负闪电强度大于50 kA的雷雨天气，模型对负氧离子变化率的预测准确率较高;对降雨强度小于1.0 mm/5min、负闪电强度小于45 kA的雷雨天气，模型对负氧离子变化率的预测能力略显不足。  相似文献