东亚盛夏北上转向台风年代际变化及与PDO的关系   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李辑  李菲  林蓉  张海娜 《热带气象学报》2011,(5):731-737

利用1951—2008年台风及海温资料,分析了东亚盛夏(7—8月)北上转向台风个数的年代际变化特征及其与PDO的关系。结果表明东亚盛夏北上转向台风个数存在明显年代际变化特征,并在1978年前后发生突变。东亚盛夏北上转向台风个数与PDO关系密切,两者呈反位相关系。PDO位相转变后影响北上台风的海温关键区由赤道中东太平洋和西风漂流带区域变为黑潮区域,并且北上台风个数与各海温关键区存在时滞相关。在PDO不同位相的年代际背景下,西太副高位置的变化是北上台风个数年代际变化的原因之一。   相似文献   

广义非线性强度理论体系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

路德春  姚仰平  邹博 《岩土力学》2007,28(10):2009-2016

广义非线性强度理论用一个表达式统一描述各种材料在 平面及子午面上的非线性强度特性,形成了一个全新的非线性强度理论系统,使非线性强度理论从适用于某一类特定材料的单一非线性强度理论发展到可以适用于众多不同材料的广义非线性强度理论,完善了强度理论体系。广义非线性强度理论包含了一系列现有的和可能有的单一非线性强度理论,如Mises准则、SMP准则等。利用土、岩石和混凝土强度试验结果验证了广义非线性强度理论适用于多种材料的优越性。  相似文献   

连拱隧道施工过程的三维空间效应模拟与分析     

李新星  朱合华  丁文其  蔡永昌 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):256-260

采用三维有限元方法动态模拟了连拱隧道的施工过程,并分析和探讨了隧道在开挖过程中围岩变形的时空效应以及左右洞施工的相互影响。分析结果表明,对单洞施工,开挖面对围岩变形的影响范围为其前后方2.5 B（B为隧洞净宽）;考虑右洞开挖,对左洞围岩位移的影响范围分别为开挖面前方（未开挖）2 B和开挖面后方（已开挖）1 B。最后分析了拱顶最大沉降量随开挖面推进的变化和产生的位置以及右洞开挖的影响。  相似文献   

THE APPLICATION OF CONDITIONAL NONLINEAR OPTIMAL PERTURBATION TO THE BINARY TYPHOONS INTERACTION —FENGSHEN AND FUNG-WONG     

王晓雷  周菲凡  朱克云 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2014,20(4):314-322

The interaction between the typhoons Fengshen and Fung-wong over the Western Pacific in 2002 is studied with the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation (CNOP) method. The study discovered that the CNOP method reveals the process of one-way interaction between Fengshen and Fung-wong. Moreover, if the region of Fung-wong was selected for verification, the sensitivity area was mainly located in the region of Fengshen and presented a half-ring structure; if the region of Fengshen was selected for verification, most of the sensitivity areas were located in the region between the Fengshen and the subtropical high, far away from Fung-wong. This indicated that Fung-wong is mainly steered by Fengshen, but Fengshen is mainly affected by the subtropical high. The sensitivity experiment showed that the initial errors in the CNOP-identified sensitive areas have larger impacts on the verification-area prediction than those near the typhoon center and their developments take a large proportion in the whole domain. This suggests that the CNOP-identified sensitive areas do have large influence on the verification-area prediction.  相似文献   

双台风“天秤”和“布拉万”相互作用诊断分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱智慧  黄宁立  问晓梅 《气象科技》2015,43(3):506-511

利用常规观测资料和FNL资料,对1214号台风"天秤"和1215号台风"布拉万"的相互作用进行了诊断分析,结果表明:"天秤"的路径复杂多变,"布拉万"路径比较稳定,在"天秤"的回旋打转过程中,通过引入兰金涡理论模型,对"藤原效应"引起的双台风互旋角速度进行量化分析,可以看出,"天秤"和"布拉万"之间的"藤原效应"对"天秤"的转向起了决定性的作用,环境场的引导作用较小。通过对台风进行受力分析,可以发现总压力对"天秤"的回旋打转影响较小,而对"布拉万"的移动路径影响显著。"布拉万"强度更强、个头更大,是双台风发生"藤原效应"的主要因素。  相似文献   

辽东半岛“达维”（1210）台风暴雨的诊断分析   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

梁军  张胜军  黄艇  张彩凤  李燕 《气象》2015,41(3):364-371

利用热带气旋年鉴、FY 2E卫星的云顶亮温（TBB）、大连地区逐时自动气象站降雨量资料、常规观测资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对北上引发辽东半岛强降水过程的1210号台风达维（Damrey）和1209号台风苏拉（Saola）的环流背景和中尺度特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）副热带高压位置偏北且稳定为此次降水提供了有利的大尺度背景,双台风与副热带高压之间所形成的东南风低空急流为辽东半岛强降水提供了水汽和能量供应。台风“达维”东部和副热带高压西侧低空急流带上由β或γ中尺度雨团发展的中尺度对流复合体（MCC）是造成降水的直接系统。（2）“达维”与其南部台风苏拉环流的长时间相连,一方面有利于“达维”获得源源不断的水汽供应,加强其中尺度对流系统,另一方面有利于水汽在辽东半岛地区形成水汽辐合,使暴雨持续产生。（3）“达维”影响辽东半岛期间,其东北部的冷空气逆时针卷入,在半岛南部出现局地垂直次级环流,触发对流不稳定,有利于中尺度暴雨云团的发展。  相似文献   

数字孪生技术在小型水库管理中的应用初探     

满旺  李宗梅  聂芹  许宽  陈志景  廖桂华 《测绘通报》2023,(1):20-25

针对我国小型水坝存在的安全隐患问题,本文基于数字孪生技术提出并构建了小型水坝数字孪生动态监管云平台,论述了小型水坝数字孪生平台建设思路。首先基于物联传感设备实现雨水情、坝体安全感知,然后通过构建室内外一体化精细三维模型搭建统一时空数据底座,实现视频监控与三维模型的融合,最后基于AI技术实现入侵检测,构建小型水库动态监管云平台。数字孪生技术能够为水库大坝提供全面的实时监测信息,实现实时连接与动态交互。本文初步探讨了数字孪生技术在水库大坝管理中的应用,可为小型水坝状态感知与安全管理提供参考。  相似文献   

Climatic Characteristics of Binary Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Yin Biwen  Ren Fumin  Li Guoping 《地球科学进展》2017,32(6):643-650

Based on typhoon best track data of China Meteorological Administration and NCEP global reanalysis data, this study analyzed the characteristics of binary tropical cyclones (TC) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean during 1951 to 2014 by using the objective determine standard. When the distance between the two TCs d≤ 1 800 km, they are defined as binary tropical cyclones or binary typhoons. And binary typhoons are divided into two different types which are typical binary typhoons and atypical binary typhoons. The climatic characteristics of binary tropical cyclones are as follows: There were 699 pairs of binary typhoons in Northwest Pacific Ocean during 1951 to 2014. In these cases, there were 446 pairs of typical binary typhoons and 253 pairs of atypical cases, occupying 63.8% and 36.2%, respectively. The proportion of typical cases increased with the shortest distance decreasing, while the proportion of atypical cases decreased with the shortest distance decreasing. When the speed of typical binary typhoons moving towards each other reached the peak, binary typhoons mainly showed the east to west direction. At this time, typhoons were controlled by easterly stream of the southern edge of the subtropical high. In this situation, the east typhoon moved toward the west typhoon quickly. When the anticlockwise angular velocity of typical binary typhoons reached the peak, binary cases distributed northeast to southwest or east-northeast to west-southwest, appearing in west and southwest edge of the subtropical high and mainly being controlled by southeasterly stream, thus benefiting the anticlockwise rotation between the typical binary typhoons.  相似文献   

海南岛东北部海滩侵蚀与恢复对连续台风的复杂响应   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

龚昊  陈沈良  钟小菁  陈晴  胡进  程武风 《海洋学报》2017,39(5):68-77

在连续台风作用下海滩的侵蚀与恢复是一个复杂的过程。基于海南岛东北部木兰-抱虎湾海滩的现场调查,对比分析台风"威马逊"和"海鸥"登陆前后海滩剖面和后滨沉积物的动态响应。结果表明,超强台风"威马逊"引起海滩的严重侵蚀和强烈的泥沙输移,在木兰湾海滩主要表现出由北向南沿岸海滩的差异性变化,在抱虎湾各海滩变化较为相近;后继登陆台风"海鸥"引起海滩显著堆积,对海滩主要起恢复作用,木兰湾海滩恢复效果明显,海滩后滨沉积物趋于恢复至台风前的状态,由于抱虎湾水下珊瑚礁及近岸岩礁地貌减缓了台风对该处海滩的侵蚀和堆积作用,抱虎湾海滩表现出与台风前较大差异性。两处海湾海滩的不同走向及台风的风向变化也是造成海滩不同响应的重要原因。研究将有助于更好地理解海滩对连续台风作用的复杂响应。  相似文献   

Numerical investigation of ocean waves generated by three typhoons in offshore China     

Qing Shi  Jun Tang  Yongming Shen  Yuxiang Ma 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(12):125-134

The influences of the three types of reanalysis wind fields on the simulation of three typhoon waves occurred in 2015 in offshore China were numerically investigated. The typhoon wave model was based on the simulating waves nearshore model (SWAN), in which the wind fields for driving waves were derived from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis-Interim (ERA-interim), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction climate forecast system version 2 (CFSv2) and cross-calibrated multi-platform (CCMP) datasets. Firstly, the typhoon waves generated during the occurrence of typhoons Chan-hom (1509), Linfa (1510) and Nangka (1511) in 2015 were simulated by using the wave model driven by ERA-interim, CFSv2 and CCMP datasets. The numerical results were validated using buoy data and satellite observation data, and the simulation results under the three types of wind fields were in good agreement with the observed data. The numerical results showed that the CCMP wind data was the best in simulating waves overall, and the wind speeds pertaining to ERA-Interim and CCMP were notably smaller than those observed near the typhoon centre. To correct the accuracy of the wind fields, the Holland theoretical wind model was used to revise and optimize the wind speed pertaining to the CCMP near the typhoon centre. The results indicated that the CCMP wind-driven SWAN model could appropriately simulate the typhoon waves generated by three typhoons in offshore China, and the use of the CCMP/Holland blended wind field could effectively improve the accuracy of typhoon wave simulations.  相似文献