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利用台风“利奇马”过境浙江期间,岱山地震台、东阳地震台钻孔体应变数据,采用数据滤波和线性回归等方法,分析了这2个台站钻孔体应变对台风的响应特征。结果表明,东阳地震台受台风引起的低气压的影响,钻孔体应变与气压同步变化;而岱山地震台受低气压和降水的共同影响,钻孔体应变与气压在变化的相关性和同步性上均有差异。气压和降水导致钻孔体应变的变化量可以通过负载力学模型进行估算求解。 相似文献
135.
M. M. Jalali 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(6):375-401
ABSTRACTHerein we study the general interaction of two vortex patches in a single-layer quasi-geostrophic shallow-water flow. Steadily-rotating equilibrium states are found over a wide parameter space spanning the Rossby deformation length, vortex area ratio, potential vorticity ratio, and gap between their innermost edges. A linear stability analysis is then used to identify the critical gap separating stable and unstable solutions, over the entire range of area and potential vorticity ratios, and for selected values of the Rossby deformation length. A representative set of marginally unstable equilibrium states are then slightly perturbed and evolved by an accurate contour dynamics numerical algorithm to understand the long-term fate of the instabilities. Not all instabilities lead to vortex merger; many in fact are characterised by weak filamentation and a small adjustment of the vortex shapes, without merger. Stronger instabilities lead to material being torn from one vortex and either wrapped around the other or reduced to ever thinning filamentary debris. A portion of the vortex may survive, or it may be completely strained out by the other. 相似文献
136.
H. R. Phillpot 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,130(2-3):171-180
The behaviour of the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere has attracted considerable interest, and been compared with the Northern Hemisphere, since the International Geophysical Year (1957–58) when the sudden (explosive or accelerated) springtime warming phenomenon in the Antarctic was first observed. Over the years studies of upper air temperature and wind observations have been made, principally through the spring months when the polar vortex breakdown occurs, utilising both ground-based (rawinsonde, rocket) and more recently, satellite-derived data. Although the radiosonde-derived temperature data are limited both by the number of reporting stations, and the practical difficulty of securing observations much above the 100 hPa level, useful records exist from 1956 or 1957. These have shown that in the 1959 southern spring, the lower stratosphere was relatively colder, and the warming rate through the season was essentially more regular, with little evidence of the marked but short-lived temperature fluctuations usually found. Similar, but not quite such wide-spread conditions occurred again in the 1961 spring. In another study, 30 hPa temperature fields over the Antarctic continent, which could be drawn for the 1967 spring, showed the complexity of the polar vortex breakdown. These features are recalled because extension of the 100 hPa springtime temperature series for the Australian Antarctic station at Casey (66.3°S, 110.5°E) shows that in 1985 and part of 1986, the temperature behaviour there was similar to, but not quite so extreme as that which occurred at Mirny (66.5°S, 93.0°E) in 1959. 相似文献
137.
The processes acting on a longitudinal dune are inferred from the response in the area size-sorting characteristics of the sediment of the active layer. The sediment size distributions are determined by settling and are best described by a log-hyperbolic model which provides the most information on size-sorting processes. Size-sorting characteristics are markedly different across the low round-crested part of the dune from cross-sections of the high more sharp-crested part. This results in changes in textural parameters along the lee-side consistent with changes in the lee-side separation vortex. This is the first time that the effect of wind speed up on the lee-side is observed to be reflected in the sediment; it can only be detected with the very sensitive log-hyperbolic parameters. 相似文献
138.
梅雨锋次天气尺度涡旋旋转风和辐散风动能收支 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
本文选取1991年7月5日20:00-6日20:00梅雨锋上移动性次天气尺度涡旋引起的长江中下游特大暴雨为实例。采用准拉格朗日球坐标系的旋转风和辐散风动能方程,计算得到次天气尺度涡旋发展和成熟两个阶段对流层各层旋转风动能和辐散风动能的收支特征为:在对流层高层(100-400hPa)两个阶段的旋转风动能源汇相同,辐散风动能源汇有异,即水平动能通量项和“摩擦”项符号相反;在中层(400-700hPa) 相似文献
139.
利用高空资料、地面资料和红外卫星云图资料,对发生在浙江中北部的9012台风倒槽暴雨的机制进行分析,揭示了该台风倒槽的结构和暴雨的环境场。并进一步研究了产生暴雨的中尺度暴雨云团及其周围的垂直气流分布与地面降水的对应关系。对暴雨云团所对应的高、中、低(地面)层系统亦进行了分析。 相似文献
140.
本文从台风和世界上大多数热带气旋的密集生成区与板块相互作用的地壳剧烈活动区相吻合这一现象出发,认为当今台风成因的研究之所以遇到困难的原因之一,就是忽略了剧烈的地壳运动所产生的热流通过海洋这一特殊水解质对其上方大气所产生的影响。 相似文献