黄姑鱼雌核发育的人工诱导及鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐冬冬  楼宝  薛宝贵  史会来  詹炜  马世磊  毛国民 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(2)

采用紫外线（UV）灭活的同源精子通过冷休克抑制第二极体排放诱导黄姑鱼的雌核发育。黄姑鱼精子最适的灭活剂量为420 mJ/cm2,紫外照射剂量与黄姑鱼精子和卵子授精后的受精率及孵化率之间表现出明显的Hertwig效应。多次试验筛选的黄姑鱼雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2min在3℃处理8min。雌核发育仔鱼经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体。进一步利用10对微卫星分析了遗传物质在亲本和子代中的传递情况,结果表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本,没有父本基因参与;雌核发育后代在5个位点微卫星位点具有较高的重组率,使其与母本保持了高度同质性。  相似文献   

基于分形与损伤理论的岩石声-应力相关性理论模型研究     

刘洋  赵明阶 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z1):47-52

建立单一微裂纹在单轴压缩荷载作用下的力学模型,采用宏观复合型断裂理论中的最大周向应力理论,求出单一微裂纹达到稳定时的形态尺寸.利用分形损伤理论,求出不同荷载阶段的分形维数;由分形维数的定义导出了不同荷载阶段的裂纹个数的变化情况;结合单一微裂纹的形态尺寸,求出不同荷载阶段中岩石孔隙率与荷载值之间的关系;利用目前被广泛采用的超声波纵波速度与孔隙率的关系式,最终导出单轴压缩荷载作用下岩石超声波纵波速度与应力的理论关系式.进行岩石声-应力的试验测试,根据试验成果作出声-应力曲线,并与理论声-应力曲线进行比对,结果表明,理论模型比较适合于反映岩石受载全过程中的后半部分的声-应力关系.  相似文献   

Two‐dimensional model of diffusion processes around a river mouth   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

B. R. Stanton 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):329-342

The steady state diffusion equation is solved for two‐dimensional flow around a point source along an infinite straight boundary. Solutions obtained are related to the observed distribution of temperature and salinity around the mouth of the Buller River, South Island, New Zealand.  相似文献   

黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)雌核发育的人工诱导及鉴定     

徐冬冬  楼宝  薛宝贵  史会来  詹炜  马世磊  毛国民 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(2):310-317

采用紫外线(UV)灭活的同源精子通过冷休克抑制第二极体排放诱导黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)的雌核发育。结果表明,黄姑鱼精子最适的灭活剂量为420mJ/cm2,紫外照射剂量与黄姑鱼精子和卵子授精后的受精率及孵化率之间表现出明显的Hertwig效应。多次试验筛选的黄姑鱼雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2min于3℃处理8min。雌核发育仔鱼经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体。进一步利用10对微卫星分析了遗传物质在亲本和子代中的传递情况,结果表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本,没有父本基因参与;雌核发育后代在5个微卫星位点具有较高的重组率,使其与母本保持了高度同质性。  相似文献   

多功能超声波成像测井仪应用效果评价     

孙志峰  陈洪海  陶爱华 《海洋地质译丛》2013,(4):57-61,82

多功能超声成像测井仪采用超声脉冲反射法进行套损及水泥胶结质量评价.对该仪器实测的波形进行分析,波形信噪比良好,首波为套管内壁的反射波,随后到达的为套管共振波,波形频谱曲线具有明显的谱陷特征.利用井眼内壁反射波的幅度及到时曲线可实现井眼内壁高分辨率成像;利用套管共振波的共振频率及幅度衰减可分别计算套管厚度及套管后面材料的水泥声阻抗.现场实测的裸眼井资料表明,该仪器可获取井壁表面裂缝、层理、孔洞等地质构造信息.处理现场实测的套管井资料表明,仪器可正确测量套管的壁厚,识别套损方位,同时还可以根据水泥声阻抗的数值范围确定一界面材料是气体、液体还是固体成分.该仪器具有井眼内壁成像、套损评价及水泥胶结质量评价的功能.  相似文献   

智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张杰  沈霄云  刘明贵 《岩土力学》2009,30(4):1197-1200

提出智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统是超声波检测技术发展的方向。它主要通过跨孔扇形检测得到数据,CT智能反演成像得到图像,分析得到缺陷情况。这里系统地介绍了智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统的形成、理论基础、关键技术和应用情况, 引入了模拟退火反演的理论,分析了两者的相互关系。经工程实例验证,超声成像技术能较好地反映桩体内部缺陷情况,包括大小、严重程度,且结果直观。  相似文献   

紫下大桥安全检测与评价方法研究     

邓洪亮  石保同 《地震学刊》2009,(1):92-97

钢桥因具有跨径大、承载能力强、施工工期短等特点,被世界各国广泛采用,但在使用过程中,由于重载甚至超载车辆的反复作用、自然灾害的侵袭及交通事故等人为因素的作用,经常造成桥梁损伤和局部破坏,导致桥梁承载能力和耐久性的降低,甚至影响到运营的安全。本文建立了钢拱桥的健康检测和安全评价方法,采用防腐涂层厚度测定、结合强度测定、无损探伤和动静载荷试验等手段对紫下大桥健康状况进行了检测,采用不确定层次分析法对大桥进行了安全评价,提出了处理意见和措施,为既有钢拱桥的健康检测、评价和维护积累了有益的资料。  相似文献   

Airflow and aeolian sediment transport patterns within a coastal trough blowout during lateral wind conditions   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

Thomas Andrew George Smyth  Derek Jackson  Andrew Cooper 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(14):1847-1854

Blowouts are depressions that occur on coastal dunes, deserts and grasslands. The absence of vegetation in blowouts permits high speed winds to entrain and remove sediment. Whereas much research has examined patterns of wind flow and sediment transport on the stoss slopes and lee of sand dunes, no study has yet investigated the connections between secondary air‐flow structures and sediment transport in a blowout where zones of streamline compression, expansion and steering are less clearly delineated. In this study we investigated the variability of sediment flux and its relation to near‐surface wind speed and turbulence within a trough blowout during wind flow that was oblique to the axis of the blowout. Wind flow was measured using six, three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonic anemometers while sediment flux by eight sand traps, all operating at 25 Hz. Results demonstrated that sediment flux rates were highly variable throughout the blowout deflation basin, even over short distances (< 0.5 m). Where flow was steadiest, flux was greatest. Consequently the highest rates of sediment transport were recorded on the erosional wall crest where flow was compressed and accelerated. The strength of correlation between sediment flux and wind parameter improved with an increase in averaging interval, from 10 seconds to 1 minute. At an interval of 10 seconds, however, wind speed correlated best with flux at seven of eight traps, whereas at an interval of one minute Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) provided the best correlation with flux at six of the eight traps. Correlation between sediment flux and wind parameters was best in the centre of the blowout and poorest on the erosional wall crest. The evidence from this paper suggests, for the first time, that TKE may be a better predictor of sediment transport at minute scale averaging intervals, particularly over landforms where wind flow is highly turbulent. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Ultrasonic elastic characteristics of five kinds of metamorphic deformed coals under room temperature and pressure conditions   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Yun Wang  XiaoKai Xu  DeYi Yang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(9):2208-2216

The calibration of the elastic characteristics of deformed coals is essential for seismic inversion of such units, because the prediction of coal deformation is essential for both mining safety and methane production. Therefore, many samples of broken and mylonitic deformed coal were tested with ultrasonic waves in the laboratory. These samples came from four mining areas: the Huainan, Pingdingshan, Hebi and Jiaozuo coal mines, which present five different metamorphic ranks shown as cylinders striking across circular limits of steel. Under normal pressures and temperatures, ultrasonic P- and S-wave tests show that the velocities, quality factors, and elastic moduli of the deformed coals were greatly reduced compared with undeformed coals. Also, some correlation was found between the P- and S-wave velocities in the deformed coals. However, there is no evidence of linear correlations between velocity and density, velocity and quality factor, or the quality factors of P- and S-waves. Compared with the elastic characteristics of undeformed coals, such as P- and S-wave velocity ratios or Poisson’s ratio, those of deformed coals generally decrease and the P-wave quality factors are less than those of S-waves. Moreover, the analysis of the relationship between pore structure and elastic modulus shows a better correlation between the P- and S-wave velocities and effective porosity, pore volume and specific surface area. Also, there are similar relationships between the pore structure and the Young’s and shear moduli. However, there are no such correlations with other moduli. Correlations between these elastic moduli, pore structure, coal rank and density were not found for the various samples of deformed coals, which is consistent with only structural destruction occurring in the deformed coals with other physical properties remaining unchanged. The experimental results show that it is possible to predict the deformation of coals with multi-component seismic elastic inversion.  相似文献   

砂岩的高温损伤与模量分析     

王鹏  许金余  刘石  陈腾飞  方新宇 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z2):211-216

通过定义砂岩试样压缩破坏过程的4个阶段模量,对高温（25℃～1 000℃）后砂岩压缩破坏的应力-应变全过程进行定量研究。分析砂岩高温后的模量特征和超声特性,并基于压缩模量定义高温作用后砂岩试样的热损伤因子,对不同温度作用后的砂岩试样进行损伤分析,发现高温后砂岩压缩破坏具有明显的阶段性特征;4个阶段的阶段模量随温度的变化规律各有不同;压密模量与纵波波速具有很强的相关性;基于压密模量定义的高温后砂岩试样热损伤因子避开了基于纵波波速定义方法,未考虑温度对密度和泊松比影响的缺陷,更具科学性;25～200 ℃温度区间内砂岩试样热损伤对温度最敏感。研究成果对高温环境岩石工程具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献