广西南丹地区泥盆纪台间海槽沉积环境分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

辛建荣  王良忱  罗学常 《地球科学》1987,(6)

广西“南丹型”泥盆系以黑色泥岩为主,富含浮游生物竹节石等,是一套受基底构造控制的并受其两侧碳酸盐台地影响的台间海槽沉积。沉积相类型主要为深水含竹节石泥岩相,泥灰岩相及硅质岩相。台间海槽从益兰期开始出现,其形成和发展在塘丁—纳标—榴江期,封闭可能在早石炭世之后。  相似文献   

中国东北地区上地幔组成、结构及热状态   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

邓晋福  鄂莫岚  路凤香 《岩石矿物学杂志》1987,6(1):1-10

本文通过对中国东北地区新生代玄武岩中超镁铁质包体的研究,根据地质压力计所估算的包体形成深度、玄武岩浆及辉石岩浆起源的深度等,建立了中国东北地区上地幔组成模式:1.壳幔过渡带;2.尖晶石二辉橄榄岩层;3.含有痕量硅酸盐熔体的低速层;4.尖晶石方辉橄榄岩层;5.石榴石二辉橄榄岩层。与此同时,根据地质温度计与地质压力计推算资料,作者认为中国东北地区上地幔属大洋地温。与典型克拉通地温相比,低速层位置较浅,上地幔处于过热状态,这与大陆裂谷的发育有关。  相似文献   

我国低纬高原地区初夏强降水天气研究II·2005与2001年5月云南旱涝成因的对比分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董海萍  赵思雄  曾庆存 《气候与环境研究》2005,(3)

2001年和2005年的5月云南分别出现了严重的洪涝和干旱天气。通过分析研究表明,这两年在大尺度环流形势、季风爆发的早晚和强弱以及ENSO背景的影响等方面都有着显著的不同。2001年5月对流层中层的东亚槽位置偏西且强度偏强,同时南支槽稳定维持且较强,致使冷暖空气易于在云南地区交汇,这可能是在该地区产生较强降水的主要环流形势,而2005年5月东亚槽位置偏东,南支槽较弱,致使云南地区几乎没有水汽来源和缺乏冷暖空气的交汇,这是产生干旱的主要环流形势;同时南海季风爆发的早晚和强弱与云南5月降水也有着较好的关系,2001年5月南海季风爆发偏早且强度偏强,而2005年5月南海季风爆发偏晚且强度偏弱,这两年5月的降水差异较大;对水汽分布的分析还表明,2001年5月云南地区为水汽辐合区,且较常年平均偏大,水汽通量为西南向,且强度较强。而2005年5月云南为水汽辐散区,孟加拉湾的水汽向东进入南海,云南地区非常干燥;从ENSO大背景对其影响的分析可知,2001年5月的洪涝和2005年5月的干旱与这两年的前期海温变化似乎也存在一定的联系。  相似文献   

Channel morphology and its impact on flood passage, the Tianjiazhen reach of the middle Yangtze River   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yafeng Shi  Qiang Zhang  Zhongyuan Chen  Tong Jiang  Jinglu Wu 《Geomorphology》2007,85(3-4):176

The Tianjiazhen reach of the middle Yangtze is about 8 km long, and characterized by a narrow river width of 650 m and local water depth of > 90 m in deep inner troughs, of which about 60 m is below the mean sea level. The troughs in the channel of such a large river are associated with regional tectonics and local lithology. The channel configuration plays a critical role in modifying the height and duration of river floods and erosion of the riverbed. The formation of the troughs in the bed of the Yangtze is considered to be controlled by sets of NW–SE-oriented neotectonic fault zones, in which some segments consist of highly folded thick Triassic limestone crossed by the Yangtze River. Several limestone hills, currently located next to the river channel, serve as nodes that create large vortices in the river, thereby accelerating downcutting on the riverbed composed of limestone highly susceptible to physical corrosion and chemical dissolution. Hydrological records indicate that the nodal hills and channel configuration at Tianjiazhen do not impact on normal flow discharges but discharges > 50,000 m³s^− 1 are slowed down for 2–3 days. Catastrophic floods are held up for even longer periods. These inevitably result in elevated flood stages upstream of prolonged duration, affecting large cities such as Wuhan and a very large number of people.  相似文献   

发展中的板块边界:天山-贝加尔活动构造带   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

冯锐  马宗晋  方剑  吴宣 《地学前缘》2007,14(4):1-17

亚洲内陆的强地震密集地发生在天山-贝加尔一线,但该处并不存在一条连续的大断裂,学术界对这个问题的认识长期相左。文中分析了这条地震带的时空分布、分区特点、应力状态和活动周期,计算了欧亚大陆的布格重力异常场、均衡重力异常场,反演了上地幔的密度分布和剪切波速分布。发现在这个部位的70~250km的深部有一条北东向的密度、速度陡变带,它是新生代的冷地幔和热地幔的交界带,与浅部构造存在立交关系,对亚洲大陆的现今构造运动和应力场具有重要的控制作用。这个带的地震不同于传统意义上的板缘地震和板内地震,是一种因为深浅构造不同而造成的结构性地震,性质上为大陆内缘地震。文中还就深浅构造的空间立交关系、时间镜像关系进行了讨论,指出在南北地震带和伊朗东侧地震带的立交结构也与上地幔构造有关。天山-贝加尔活动构造带是正在发展中的板块边界,是大陆内部的一个典型构造,北侧为稳定的俄罗斯-西伯利亚次板块,南侧为活动的中国-东南亚次板块。  相似文献   

Fairweather atmospheric electricity at Antarctica during local summer as observed from Indian station,Maitri     

C. Panneerselvam  C. Selvaraj  K. Jeeva  K. U. Nair  C. P. Anilkumar  S. Gurubaran 《Journal of Earth System Science》2007,116(3):179-186

Surface measurements of the atmospheric electrical parameters like Maxwell current, electric field and conductivity studied at the Indian station, Maitri (70.75° S, 11.75° E, 117 m above mean sea level), Antarctica, during austral summer have been analyzed for the years 2001 to 2004. A total of 69 days were selected which satisfied the ‘fairweather’ conditions, i.e., days with absence of high winds, drifting or falling snow, clouds, and fog effects. The diurnal variation curve of electric field and vertical current averaged for 69 fairweather days is a single periodic with a minimum at 03:00 UT and a maximum near 19:00 UT, which is very similar to the Carnegie curve. The correlation coefficient between these measured parameters has a high value (more than 0.9) for all the days. During fairweather days the measured current and field variations are similar and hence it is clear that the conductivity is more or less stable. During magnetically disturbed days, the dawn-dusk potential drop has clear influences on the diurnal variation and it modifies the conductivity. Apart from the day-to-day variation in low latitude thunderstorm activity, there are diurnal, seasonal, inter-annual variations in the electric potential and the currents, as well as solar influences on the measured parameters. This study will help us to examine the impact of solar and geophysical phenomena like solar flares, geomagnetic storms and substorms on the global electric circuit.  相似文献   

Comprehensive Multi-Level Exploration of Buried Active Faults： an Example of the Yinchuan Buried Active Fault     

Chai Chizhang 《中国地震研究》2007,21(3):225-235

The paper introduces the steps and methods of multi-approach,multi-level exploration of buried faults in thick Quaternary sediment regions by taking the test exploration of the Yinchuan active fault as example.Based on the comprehensive analyses of previous data,we choose the Xinqushao Village of Xingqing District of Yinchuan City as the test site for the comprehensive exploration.Firstly,we adopted shallow seismic investigation with group intervals of 10m,5m and 1m to gradually trace layer by layer the master fault of the Yinchuan buried fault from a deep depth to a shallow depth where drilling could be used.Then,with composite geological profile drilling,we determined the precise location and dip angle of the fault.The drilling show the buried depth of the upper offset point is 8.3m.Finally,large-scale trenching revealed that the actual buried depth of the upper offset point of the fault is 1.5m from the ground surface and there are paleoearthquake events of 5 stages.Combined with the preliminary result of corresponding sample age,we conclude the Yinchuan buried fault is a mid to late Holocene active fault.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional thermal structure of the Chinese continental crust and upper mantle   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

An MeiJian  Shi YaoLin 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1441-1451

We invert S-wave velocities for the 3D upper-mantle temperatures, in which the position with a temperature crossing the 1300℃ adiabat is corresponding to the top of the seismic low velocity zone. The temperatures down to the depth of 80 km are then calculated by solving steady-state thermal conduction equation with the constraints of the inverted upper-mantle temperatures and the surface temperatures, and then surface heat flows are calculated from the crustal temperatures. The misfit between the calculated and observed surface heat flow is smaller than 20% for most regions. The result shows that, at a depth of 25 km, the crustal temperature of eastern China (500―600℃) is higher than that of western China (<500℃). At a depth of 100 km, temperatures beneath eastern and southeastern China are higher than the adiabatic temperature of 1300℃, while that beneath west China is lower. The Tarim craton and the Sichuan basin show generally low temperature. At a depth of 150 km, temperatures beneath south China, eastern Yangtze craton, North China craton and around the Qiangtang terrane are higher than the adiabatic temperature of 1300℃, but is the lowest beneath the Sichuan basin and the regions near the Indian-Eurasian collision zone. At a depth of 200 km, very low temperature occurs beneath the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the south to the Tarim craton.  相似文献   

西北地区一次斜压槽引发的强沙尘暴研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐建芬  孙兰东  许东蓓  王宝鉴 《干旱气象》2001,19(2):40-44

利用T10 6数值预报及常规气象资料 ,对 1998年 4月 15日西北地区强沙尘暴进行分析 ,分析结果表明 ,这是一次由斜压槽及冷锋锋生触发的沙尘暴 ,高空急流及其下部的Ferrel环流对沙尘暴发生起到重要作用 ;强沙尘暴发生在高空急流出口区右侧、5 0 0hPa正涡度中心下风方和次级反环流的上升运动区内。  相似文献   

高空急流入口区次级环流在一次突发性强降水过程中的作用     

覃庆第 《气象研究与应用》2001,22(4):20-22

通过对 1999年秋季一次突发性降水过程高空急流的分析 ,发现急流入口区南侧辐散 ,其低层辐合上升 ,当低层有印缅槽活动的时候 ,对流加强 ,印缅槽发展 ;急流入口区北侧辐合 ,其低层辐散下沉 ,有向南的非地转风  相似文献