应用双光谱云图判识梅雨锋云系降水等级   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郁凡  陈渭民 《南京气象学院学报》1994,17(2):171-176

用１９９１年梅雨期间的部分ＧＭＳ红外，可见光数字云图及同时的地面实测降水资料，从分析各等级降水云的二维频数分布着后，探求降水强度与红外，可见光亮度值之间的关系，最终实现用红外，可见光双光谱阈值法判识大暴雨，暴雨，大雨，中小雨４个等级的降水云。  相似文献   

计算机天气图图形识别   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李振海 《气象》1994,20(6):20-23

根据天气系统的定义和实际业务中的天气图分析规范，总结出了５００、７００、８５０ｈＰａ３层高空天气图上特征等高线，特征等温线，槽线（含切变线），高（低）中心，冷（暖）中心以及热带气旋的识别方法及其判别式，并给出了实现计算机自动识别的程序设计步骤。  相似文献   

Lower Tropospheric Warm Air Advection Patterns Associated with Heavy Rainfall over the Appalachian Region*     

Charles E. Konrad  Vernon Meentemeyer 《The Professional geographer》1994,46(2):143-155

A synoptic climatology of warm season heavy rainfall is developed from patterns of 850 mb thermal advection over the Appalachian region. Heavy rain events are categorized according to the position and orientation of a warm air advection (WAA) ridge, a feature found in nearly two-thirds of the events. Numerous study events occur within the conditionally unstable region of the WAA ridge. In fact, numerous occurrences of heavy rainfall are tied to a superpositioning of a WAA and air mass instability ridge in the vicinity or upstream of the heavy rain area.  相似文献   

洋面冷锋的三维数值模拟──潜热释放对冷锋结构的影响     

俞小鼎  ERichar  RRosset 《气象学报》1995,53(3):319-327

通过比较一次洋面冷锋过程的干、湿三维模拟结果，揭示潜热释放对冷锋结构的影响。结果表明：由于潜热释放的作用，冷锋区的温度梯度和风矢量的气旋性切变大大地加强了，冷锋附近的涡度场和垂直速度场呈现出更多的更加紧密的中尺度结构；锋面非地转直接环流在湿模拟中比在干模拟中发展得更加充分并且具有更高的组织性；潜热加热倾向于增加锋面环流的强度，尤其是其上升支的强度。研究表明，潜热释放过程是形成冷锋前沿上方低层大气中狭窄强上升气流区的关键因素之一。  相似文献   

与西太平洋暖池上空对流年际变化相关联的大气环流和海温   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Lu Riyu 《大气科学进展》2001,18(2):270-282

诊断分析了热带西太平洋暖池上空对流弱和强的情况下,大气环流和海温所表现出来的差异。本文中西太平洋暖池是指（１１０－１６０°Ｅ,１０－２０°Ｎ）地区,向外射出长波辐射（ＯＬＲ）在该地区具有明显的年际变率。对西太平洋暖池对流弱和强之间大气环流和海温的差别进行了合成分析。首先,利用 ＮＣＥＰ／ ＮＣＡＰ再分析资料和卫星观测的 ＯＬＲ资料进行了分析。之后,利用欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析资料和再分析计算而得的ＯＬＲ资料重复进行了合成分析。合成结果表明由这两套资料所分析得到的结果非常相象。与西太平洋暖池上空弱（强）对流显著对应的大气环流表现为北太平洋副热带高压的西伸（东退）,以及副高西北侧更强（弱）的西风。此外,在局地（即暖池）上空,还显著对应着东（西）风异常和下沉（上升）气流异常。对应于西太平洋暖池对流强弱,最为显著的海温差别（对流弱减去对流强）为印度洋、孟加拉湾和南海的正海温异常。也就是说,西太洋暖池上空的对流与局地海温异常只有微弱的联系,而与其西部的海温异常密切相关。  相似文献   

Characteristics of seasonal and spatial variations of primary production over the southeastern Bering Sea shelf   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

TaeKeun Rho  Terry E. Whitledge 《Continental Shelf Research》2007,27(20):2556-2569

In situ primary production data collected during 1978–1981 period and 1997–2000 period were combined to improve understanding of seasonal and spatial distribution of primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea. Mean daily primary production rates showed an apparent seasonal cycle with high rates in May and low rates in summer over the entire shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea except for oceanic region due to lack of data. There was also an increasing trend of primary production rates in the fall over the inner shelf and the middle shelf. There was a decreasing trend of primary production rates between late April and mid-May over the inner shelf while there was an abrupt increase between late April and mid-May over the middle shelf and the outer shelf. In the shelf break region, there was an increasing pattern in late May. These suggest that there was a gradual progression of the development of the spring phytoplankton bloom from the inner shelf toward the shelf break region. There was also a latitudinal variability of primary production rate over the middle shelf, probably due to either spatial variations of the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice or horizontal advection of saline water in the bottom layer. Annual rates of primary production across the southeastern Bering Sea shelf were 121, 150, 145, 110, and 84 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹ in the inner shelf, the middle shelf, the outer shelf, the shelf break, and oceanic region, respectively. High annual rates of primary production over the inner shelf can be attributed to continuous summer production based on regenerated nitrogen and/or a continuous supply of nitrogen at the inner front region, and to fall production. There were some possibilities of underestimation of annual primary production over the entire shelf due to lack of measurement in early spring and fall, which may be more apparent over the shelf break and oceanic region than the inner shelf, the middle, and the outer shelf. This study suggests that the response of primary production by climate change in the southeastern Bering Sea shelf can be misunderstood without proper temporal and seasonal measurement.  相似文献   

Andean evolution at the Guañacos and Chos Malal fold and thrust belts (36°30′–37°s)     

Andrs Folguera  Víctor A. Ramos  Toms Zapata  Mauro G. Spagnuolo 《Journal of Geodynamics》2007,44(3-5):129-148

The Andes between 36°30′ and 37°S represent a Cretaceous fold and thrust belt strongly reactivated in the late Miocene. Most of the features that absorbed Neogene shortening were already uplifted in the late Cretaceous, as revealed by field mapping and confirmed by previous fission track analysis. This Andean section is formed by two sectors: a western-inner sector generated by the closure of the upper Oligocene-lower Miocene intra-arc Cura Mallín basin between the middle and late Miocene (Guañacos fold and thrust belt), and an eastern-outer sector, where late Triassic-early Jurassic extensional depocenters were exhumed in two discrete phases of contraction, in the latest early Cretaceous and late Miocene to the Present, respectively (Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). Late Miocene deformation has not homogeneously reactivated Cretaceous compressive structures, being minimal south of 37°30′S through the eastern-outer sector (southern continuation of the Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). The reason for such an inhomogeneous deformational evolution seems to be related to the development of a late Miocene shallow subduction regime between 34°30′ and 37°45′S, as it was proposed in previous studies. This shallow subduction zone is evidenced by the eastward expansion of the arc that was accompanied by the eastern displacement of the orogenic front at these latitudes. As a result, the Cretaceous fold and thrust belt were strongly reactivated north of 37°30′S producing the major topographic break along the Southern Central Andes.  相似文献   

几种Q矢量的比较   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

岳彩军  寿绍文 《南京气象学院学报》2002,25(4):525-532

利用 1 991 - 0 7- 0 5T2 0— 0 6T2 0一次江淮梅雨锋暴雨过程实况资料 ,结合地面降水分布 ,从定性 (矢量场 ,即 Q)、定量 (散度场 ,即 2 · Q)的角度细致、具体地比较分析了准地转 Q矢量、半地转 Q矢量、非地转 Q矢量及湿 Q矢量的诊断特性。结果表明 :半地转 Q矢量诊断能力优越于准地转 Q矢量。非地转 Q矢量、湿 Q矢量诊断能力明显优越于准地转 Q矢量、半地转 Q矢量。准地转 Q矢量诊断能力最差 ;从定性的角度分析 ,非地转 Q矢量与湿 Q矢量诊断能力相差不大。但进一步定量分析发现 ,在整个梅雨锋暴雨过程中 ,湿 Q矢量的诊断能力大于其他 Q矢量 ;70 0 h Pa高度上各 Q矢量的矢量、散度辐合区较其在 850 h Pa和 50 0 h Pa上对降水反映更好 ,尤其是70 0 h Pa湿 Q矢量散度辐合区与降水区有非常好的对应关系。  相似文献   

山东省飞机增雨天气系统云水资源转化特征分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

龚佃利  边道相 《气象》2002,28(8):15-19

利用水汽辐合法和水汽凝结法，对山东省1997－1999年春秋季18个降水过程的水汽辐合率、凝结率及降水效率等表征云水资源及其转化的特征量进行计算。分析了南方气旋、西北冷锋等主要降水天气系统以上特征量的地域分布和差别。可为人工增雨作业区域选择和航线设计提供气候背景。  相似文献   

一个大羊环流模式中赤道西太平洋暖池海面温度对西风爆发的响应          下载免费PDF全文

刘海龙  李薇  张学洪  俞永强 《大气科学》2002,26(2):171-184

用逐日的欧洲中期数值预报中心再分析(ERA)风应力,和由Haney公式结合ERA海表资料与预报海温计算出的热通量强迫一个全球大洋环流模式.并用逐日的模拟结果与TOGA-COARE(Tropical Ocean--Global Atmosphere--Coupled Ocean-AtmosphereResponse Experiment)浮标观测资料对比,分析模拟结果中暖池海区上层海洋热量平衡对西风爆发(WWB)的响应.在第一次WWB过程中,模拟与观测的主要差异在WWB期间,而造成差异的原因主要是模式中由下沉运动引起的增温和由强的纬向温度梯度引起的暖平流.初步认为下沉增温可能是差分格式本身和模式分辨率不足造成的.从热量平衡的结果看,第二次WWB事件的模拟比第一次更成功,两次差异可能与两次WWB事件的季节背景不同有关.  相似文献