二氧化碳洗井中相关问题的探讨     

樊小舟  高波  崔秀忠 《中国煤炭地质》2015,(1):62-65

二氧化碳洗井方法具有设备简单、用时少,效果好的特点,但随着钻孔深度和孔径加大,井管材料的更新换代,有时也会难以出现壮观的井喷场面,达不到理想的洗井效果,使用范围受到限制的问题。总结多年的洗井经验,依据二氧化碳洗井原理,运用洗井过程中起动压力和用气量的计算公式,进而对洗井深度和影响用气量的因素进行了分析,结果表明:1该方法比较适用于井深300m左右、孔径Φ325mm以内、泥浆相对密度小于1.1g/cm3的新打水井,对大于300m的深井,可采用分层洗井法或压风机引喷法进行洗井。2井喷形成时的二氧化碳气体用量,与瓶内气体的压力、钻杆的下入深度、环空体积、地面管路的长度与直径、钻杆内径、钻井液的密度等成正比,而与水温、气温等成反比;当井的含水层的水柱高度低于70m时,一般不易形成井喷。3二氧化碳洗井适用于井内下入钢管、铸铁管等抗压强度较高的井。对水泥管、塑料管等强度较低的井管则要视情况具体分析。  相似文献   

中国对煤炭需求15年后下降     

钱瞻 《西部资源》2015,(1):54

<正>日前,国际能源署(IEA)发布《世界能源展望2014》报告称,2040年,全球煤炭需求量将增加15%,中国煤炭需求量将占全球的50%左右,并在2030年出现下降。报告称,世界煤炭资源丰富,供应能得到保障,但其未来消费量的多少取决于污染控制和二氧化碳减排的需要。全球煤炭需求到2040年将增加15%,但是,其中几乎2/3的增长将出现在下一个10年中。中国煤炭需求占全球煤炭消费比  相似文献   

海水冷藏二氧化碳的秘密     

虹雨 《海洋世界》2004,(9):23-23

留存在深层海水中的二氧化碳可能会影响全球气候的变化。洞察海洋在过去气候变迁扮演的角色，有助于我们预测未来气候的变化以及对其带来的冲击做万全的准备。  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF WATER TABLE AND NITROGEN ADDITION ON CO2 EMISSION FROM WETLAND SOIL     

Yang Ji-song  Liu Jing-shuang  Yu Jun-bao  Wang Jin-da  Qin Sheng-jin  Li Xin-hua 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(3):262-268

Soil respiration is a main dynamic process of carbon cycle in wetland. It is important to contribute to global climate changes. Water table and nutritious availability are significant impact factors to influence responses of CO₂ emission from wetland soil to climate changes. Twenty-four wetland soil monoliths at 4 water-table positions and in 3 nitrogen status have been incubated to measure rates of CO₂ emission from wetland soils in this study. Three static water-table controls and a fluctuant water-table control, with 3 nitrogen additions in every water-table control, were carried out. In no nitrogen addition treatment, high CO₂ emissions were found at a static low water table (I) and a fluctuant water table (IV), averaging 306.7mg/(m²·h) and 307.89mg/(m²·h), respectively, which were 51%–57% higher than that at static high water table (II and III). After nitrogen addition, however, highest CO₂ emission was found at II and lowest emission at III. The results suggested that nutritious availability of wetland soil might be important to influence the effect of water table on the CO₂ emission from the wetland soil. Nitrogen addition led to enhancing CO₂ emissions from wetland soil, while the highest emission was found in 1N treatments other than in 2N treatments. In 3 nutritious treatments, low CO₂ emissions at high water tables and high CO₂ emissions at low water tables were also observed when water table fluctuated. Our results suggested that both water table changes and nutritious imports would effect the CO₂ emission from wetland. Foundation item: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90211003) and the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KACX3-SW-332) Biography: YANG Ji-song (1978-), male, a native of Chengwu of Shandong Province, Ph.D. candidate, specialized in environmental ecology and wetland biogeochemistry. E-mail: yangjisong@neigae.ac.cn  相似文献   

人类的盟友     

《海洋世界》2009,(2):7-7

听起来似乎有点不靠谱：在解决全球气候变化的问题上，人类并非孤立无援——我们可能有一位盟友。英国埃克塞特大学的个研究小组发现；硬骨鱼可排泄碳酸钙，这些碳酸钙溶解在上层海水中，可以中和海水中的二氧化碳，降低海水的酸度。鱼类排泄的碳酸钙的多少取决于其自身的太小和周围海水的温度，小鱼的排泄量比大鱼多，  相似文献   

二氧化碳,气候变化与农业     

Warr.  RA 袁大中 《地理译报》1991,(1):46-51,21

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答疑解惑     

《气象知识》2012,(2):30-31

人工影响天气会污染环境吗 人工影响天气是微物理过程,而不是产生新物质的化学变化过程。人工影响天气作业中经常使用的干冰、液氮、碘化银等催化剂并不会造成环境污染。干冰、液氮汽化后成为二氧化碳和氮气,它们本身就是空气的组成部分,对环境不会产生影响。碘化银中的银离子是重金属,但碘化银用量极小,分散在很大的区域里面,单位体积的含量微乎其微。  相似文献   

南大洋变暖引起了科学家们的关注          下载免费PDF全文

胡德良  Bronwyn Herbert 《气候变化研究进展》2012,(1):42

新的研究显示,南大洋比世界上任何其他海洋存储的热量都要多。这项由塔斯马尼亚南极气候与生态系统合作研究中心进行的研究发现:如果照目前的趋势继续下去,到2030年南大洋的二氧化碳水平会对某些贝类动物产生  相似文献   

Impacts of Future NOx and CO Emissions on Regional Chemistry and Climate over Eastern China     

WANG Geli  YANG Peicai  LIU Chuanxi  LIU Yi  LU Daren 《大气科学进展》2010,27(4):750-760

A coupled chemical/dynamical model (SOCOL-SOlar Climate Ozone Links) is applied to study the impacts of future enhanced CO and NOx emissions over eastern China on regional chemistry and climate. The result shows that the increase of CO and NOx emissions has significant effects on regional chemistry, including NOx, CO, O₃, and OH concentrations. During winter, the CO concentration is uniformly increased in the northern hemisphere by about 10 ppbv. During summer, the increase of CO has a regional distribution. The change in O₃, concentrations near eastern China has both strong seasonal and spatial variations. During winter, the surface O₃, concentrations decrease by about 2 ppbv, while during summer they increase by about 2 ppbv in eastern China. The changes of CO, NOx, and O₃, induce important impacts on OH concentrations. The changes in chemistry, especially O₃, induce important effects on regional climate. The analysis suggests that during winter, the surface temperature decreases and air pressure increases in central-eastern China. The changes of temperature and pressure produce decreases in vertical velocity. We should mention that the model resolution is coarse, and the calculated concentrations are generally underestimated when they are compared to measured results. However, because this model is a coupled dynamical/chemical model, it can provide some useful insights regarding the climate impacts due to changes in air pollutant emissions.  相似文献   

CO2 Flux Estimation by Different Regression Methods from an Alpine Meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau     

JIANG Chunming  YU Guirui  CAO Guangmin  LI Yingnian  ZHANG Shichun  FANG Huajun 《大气科学进展》2010,27(6):1372-1379

CO2 efflux was estimated using different regression methods in static chamber observation from an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The CO2 efflux showed a seasonal pattern, with the maximun flux occurring in the middle of July. The temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux (Q10> was 3.9, which was at the high end of the range of global values. CO2 emissions calculated by linear and nonlinear regression were significantly different (p<0.05). Compared with the linear regression, CO2 emissions calculated by exponential regression and quadratic regression were 12.7% and 11.2% larger, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in temperature sensitivity values estimated by the three methods. In the entire growing season, the CO2 efflux estimated by linear regression may be underestimated by up to 25% compared to the real CO2 efflux. Consequently, great caution should be taken when using published flux data obtained by linear regression of static chamber observations to estimate the regional CO2 flux in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献