江汉平原长湖近代沉积物磁性测量及其气候意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

杨汉东 Oldfi.  F 《地理科学》1998,18(2):135-138

根据１９９２年长湖所取代表性９２－５ 面沉积物磁性测量结果并结合化学分析和孢粉分析,研究长湖近代沉积物磁性参数变化与气候变化的关系,指出该地区最近４００ａ来气候变化总趋势是一个由冷变暖的过程。  相似文献   

基于高原湖泊的数据处理与空间可视化研究     

张晨  李林  黄浩玲  温开祥 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(3):83-85,89

近年来,随着工业化和城市化进程的加快,生态破坏、环境污染、湖泊品质恶化等一系列环境问题日趋严重,高原湖泊作为生态环境的重要指示剂,已逐渐成为研究的重点。空间可视化技术特有的交互性、多维性和可视化多样性的本质,更能直观形象地体现高原湖泊的变化。本文以阿雅克库木湖为研究区域,基于GIS平台,利用Landsat遥感影像数据(包括MSS、TM和ETM影像),运用改进的湖泊边界矢量化提取方法和GIS空间可视化技术,对高原湖泊的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,历年的湖泊变化规律表现为湖泊的面积随着年份的增大而逐渐增大,某一年内的湖泊变化规律表现为减-增-减的规律,其中在2月份达到最低,在10月份达到最高,这对于保护高原湖泊和环境、预测未来环境等具有重要意义。  相似文献   

湖泊型流域水生态功能分区的理论与应用     

高俊峰  高永年  张志明 《地理科学进展》2019,38(8):1159-1170

地域分异是地理学核心研究方向之一,水生态功能分区是地学分区面向生态环境领域的发展和应用。基于水生态分区的管理是流域水环境管理的趋势,流域水生态功能分区是建立中国新型水环境管理的基础。论文在界定水生态功能分区涉及的主要概念基础上,分析了湖泊型流域水生态系统的尺度,为湖泊型流域水生态功能分区体系的建立奠定了理论基础;根据分区的目的,建立了分区的原则和指标体系,研发了分区技术、结果验证校核方法;以巢湖流域为例,进行了一级至四级水生态功能分区,并对分区结果进行验证。湖泊型流域水生态功能分区有助于丰富地域分异规律研究,对水生态目标管理的理论与方法具有指导作用。  相似文献   

On the unusual holocene carbonate sediment in lake Nam Co, central Tibet     

Minghui Li  Shichang Kang  Liping Zhu  Feiyue Wang  Junbo Wang  Chaolu Yi  Xiaomin Fang  Manping Xie 《山地科学学报》2009,6(4):346-353

In lacustrine sediments, aragonite is a widespread mineral, whereas monohydrocalcite is a rare carbonate mineral. In the cold and high-attitude Xizang （Tibetan） Plateau, where aragonite has been commonly found in lacustrine sediments, there is no aragonite, but low-Mg calcite, monohydrocalcite and trace dolomite. The lake receives solutes primarily from surface runoffs and remains fairly constant water chemistry for a long time. The total CaCO3 percentage in sediments could be controlled by evaporation and inflow of detrital materials. The absence of aragonite is unusual when compared to other lacustrine sediments from the Tibetan Plateau. This could be due to low Ca/Mg ratio, low salinity, low Mg and Ca concentration. Monohydrocalcite might precipitate from the lake water mediated by biological activities. Low-Mg calcite originated from minor ostracoda shell and the precipitation of lake water with biological activities.  相似文献   

Characteristics and evolution of lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7Member of Yanchang Formation in northern Shaanxi     

PANG Jungang  LI Wenhou  XIAO Li 《世界地质(英文版)》2009,12(4):183-188

Lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7 Member in the studied area consists of siltstone and fine sandstone with respect to grain size, which is feldspathic lithic sandstone, syrosem arkose and arkose with respect to mineral constitution affected by provenance. There are such apparent signatures as lithology, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and well logs, to recognize turbidite. During the paleogeographic evolution of Chang-7 Member, lake basin and deep lake are both at their maximum extent during Chang-73 stage, resulting in the deposition of Zhangjiatan shale with widespread extent and of turbidite with fragmental-like. Deep lake line is gradually moving toward lake center and turbidite sand bodies are gradually turning better with better lateral continuity, connectivity and more thickness, from stages of Chang-73, Chang-72 and Chang-71 , which can be favorable reservoir in deep-water.  相似文献   

大型海藻吸附水体中重金属离子的机理及影响因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邓莉萍  苏营营  苏华  王新亭  朱校斌 《海洋科学》2008,32(8):91-97

随着现代工业的发展，人类的生存环境日益恶化，水体污染已经成为影响人类健康的重要因素。工业生产过程中往往会产生大量含铬、铜、汞、镍、铅、硒、锌等重金属离子的废水或固体废弃物，如果这些有害离子得不到及时有效的处理，就会对生态环境和人类健康产生不良影响，而且还会给国民经济造成重大损失。  相似文献   

基于RS/GIS的西藏地区湖泊变化动态监测及气候背景   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张继承  姜琦刚  李远华  王坤 《地球科学与环境学报》2008,30(1):87-93

在RS/GIS技术的支持下,以1970年1∶10万地形图、20世纪70年代末MSS遥感图像、80年代末TM遥感图像和2000年左右 ETM遥感图像为主要数据源,提取了4期湖泊数据,结合 1965～2002年来温度、降水和前人资料,分析了西藏地区湖泊分布及30年来湖泊变迁的时空差异特征.研究结果表明:西藏地区内陆湖泊对全球和区域性气候变化有着敏感的响应,研究区内的湖泊在20世纪80年代末萎缩比较明显,2000年以来西藏湖泊出现全面扩张的趋势.湖泊变迁的地区性差异主要体现在"藏北南部大湖区"的湖泊群和喀喇昆仑山地区湖泊群持续扩张,藏北地区分布的中小型湖泊受温度升高影响最大,气候变化是湖泊面积变化的驱动因素,而湖泊的地质、地理条件和补给方式等特征决定了湖泊的变迁类型和程度.  相似文献   

湖泊学     

《中国地理与资源文摘》2010,(1)

  相似文献   

Monitoring glacier and supra-glacier lakes from space in Mt. Qomolangma region of the Himalayas on the Tibetan Plateau in China   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

Alfred Stein 《山地科学学报》2009,6(3):211-220

Because of the large number and remoteness, satellite data, including microwave data and optical imagery, have commonly been used in alpine glaciers surveys. Using remote sensing and Geographical Information System （GIS） techniques, the paper presents the results of a multitemporal satellite glacier extent mapping and glacier changes by glacier sizes in the Mt. Qomolangma region at the northern slopes of the middle Himalayas over the Tibetan Plateau. Glaciers in this region have both retreated and advanced in the past 35 years, with retreat dominating. The glacier retreat area was 3.23 km2 （or o.75 km^2 yr^-1 during 1974 and 1976, 8.68 km^2 （or 0.36 km^2 yr^-1 during 1976 and 1992, 1.44 km^2 （or 0.12 km^2 yr^-1） during 1992-2ooo. 1.14 km^2 （or 0.22 km^2 yr^-1 during 2000-2003, and 0.52 km^2 （or 0.07 km^2 yr^-1 during 2003-2008, respectively. While supra-glacier lakes on the debris-terminus of the Rongbuk Glacier were enlarged dramatically at the same time, from 0.05 km^2 in 1974 increased to 0.71 km^2 in 2008, which was more than 13 times larger in the last 35 years. In addition, glacier changes also showed spatial differences, for example, glacier retreat rate was the fastest at glacier termini between 5400 and 5700 m a.s.l than at other elevations. The result also shows that glaciers in the middle Himalayas retreat almost at a same pace with those in the western Himalayas.  相似文献   

一种基于动态多尺度聚类的湖泊选取方法          下载免费PDF全文

段佩祥  钱海忠  何海威  刘闯  谢丽敏 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2019,44(10):1567-1574

当前湖泊选取方法多采用整体选取的形式，且难以兼顾湖泊的属性特征、分布特征和拓扑特征。通过分析和模仿制图专家人工选取湖泊的认知行为和过程，提出一种顾及分布特征和拓扑特征保持的基于动态多尺度聚类的湖泊选取方法。首先设置面积阈值以选取大面积湖泊，然后通过缓冲区选取"孤立"湖泊，接下来对湖泊群进行动态多尺度聚类来划分出湖泊分布密度不同的区域，对不同区域按开方根规律确定选取数量指标并采用不同选取策略，其中对包含湖泊数量较多的区域依据由主成分分析法定量计算出的重要性综合评价进行迭代选取，直至达到选取数量指标。实验对比表明，该方法在综合考虑重要性的前提下，有效地保持了选取前后湖泊群的形态结构和密度对比。  相似文献