试论湖南省山丘区洪灾及减灾对策：怀化地区为例     

邹邵林  彭贵生 《防汛与抗旱》1998,(2):24-27

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228名群众被泾河洪水围困的反思     

解鹏  王韧 《防汛与抗旱》1998,(2):54-55

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1998年长江干流洪水初步分析     

刘志雨  章四龙 《防汛与抗旱》1998,(4):35-38,41

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九江,大灾之后的反思     

曹泽纯 《防汛与抗旱》1998,(4):171-172

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The meteorologically abnormal year of 2006 and natural disasters in the Philippines     

Graciano P. Yumul Jr. Nathaniel A. Cruz Nathaniel T. Servando Carla B. Dimalanta 《《幕》》2008,31(4):378-383

In the early part of 2006 the Philippines was hit by a La Nina event which brought floods, flashfloods and landslides. The most significant event was the February 2006 landslide that covered the whole community of Guinsaugon, in Southern Leyte, resulting in 154 deaths with 973 people still missing. Another rare event was the simultaneous presence of two tropical cyclones inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility （PAR） in August-- Tropical Depression Bopha and Tropical Storm Saomai--that enhanced the southwest monsoon. With the strong winds and high waves associated with the southwest mon- soon, an oil tanker, the M/T Solar 1, sank, resulting in the worst oil spill the country has ever suffered. Lastly, with a weak El Nino phenomenon forming in the Pacific Ocean and affecting the Philippines, a destructive typhoon, Xangsane, made a multi-landfall before hitting Metropolitan Manila. This was followed by the landfall of three superty- phoons--Cimaron, Chebi and Durian--during the last quarter of the year, bringing tremendous destruction of life and property. The occurrence of these weather events are attributed to climate variability the effects of which were exacerbated by a range of factors that include inappropriate land use.  相似文献   

四川广汉三星堆土台壕沟沉积特征研究     

杨奇  向芳  冉宏林  郭宇明  刘建成  谢振斌 《古地理学报》2023,(3):715-728

四川省文物考古研究院2020年对掩埋坑周边区域展开了考古勘探，发现在靠近三星堆土台的南侧，存在有建造在二级阶地之上的壕沟，其古水流自西北流向东南沟通马牧河河曲段，壕沟沉积物主要形成时代推测为三星堆文化的第3期—第4期。通过对壕沟剖面样品进行薄片鉴定、扫描电镜观测和粒度分析研究，发现该壕沟主体由近源搬运的河流相沉积物组成，仅在个别地层富集陶片等遗物，壕沟以自然沉积为主，未发现大规模的人为倾填活动。生土及不同阶段的壕沟沉积物中岩屑等成分没有显著差异，表明自晚更新世以来，发源于龙门山构造带的湔江及其支流马牧河没有发生过明显的改道作用。壕沟至少经历了3次“挖沟—充填”的过程：第1阶段沉积物主要为黏土及粉砂，水动力较弱，沉积环境比较稳定，古人活动频繁；第2阶段沉积物主要为中粗砂，水动力较强，此时可能洪水频发，可见沟岸被明显切割并有大面积分布的越岸砂质沉积；第3阶段沉积物水动力波动显著，后期逐渐稳定，古人重新回到壕沟区域。壕沟形态存在有多阶段人为修筑的痕迹，体现了古人对气候变化及自然作用的应对能力。  相似文献   

Influence of Land Use/Cover Change on Storm Runoff— A Case Study of Xitiaoxi River Basin in Upstream of Taihu Lake Watershed     

WAN Rongrong YANG Guishan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(4):349-356

Land use/cover change (LUCC) is one of the main boundary conditions which influence many hydrologic processes. In view of the importance of Taihu Lake Watershed in China and the urgency of discovering the impacts of LUCC on storm runoff, two flood events under five land cover scenarios in the Xitiaoxi River Basin of the upstream of Taihu Lake watershed were simulated by distributed hydrologic modeling system HEC-HMS. The influences of each land cover on storm runoff were discussed. It was concluded that under the same rainstorm the ascending order of runoff coefficient and peak flow produced by the 5 different land covers were woodland, shrub, grassland, arable land, and built-up land; the descending order of swelling time were woodland, shrub, grassland, arable land, and built-up land. Scenario of built-up land was the first to reach peak flow, then arable land, grassland, shrub, and woodland. There were close relationships between the runoff coefficients produced by the 5 different land covers. The degrees of impacts on runoff coefficient of land cover change modes were sorted by descending: woodland to built-up land, shrub to built-up land, grassland to built-up land, arable land to built-up land, woodland to arable land, shrub to arable land, arable land to grassland, shrub to grassland, grassland to arable land, and woodland to shrub. Urbanization will contribute to flood disaster, while forestation will mitigate flood disaster.  相似文献   

这块河滩地为何被确权为国有土地     

郑义 《河南国土资源》2007,(2):35

案件原由某村村庄坐落在河流边,在河流与公路边上有一大块斜坡地,未被洪水淹没时,该村一、二组部分村民在地上种植粮食及蔬菜。谁种多种少,斜坡地权属问题这两组村民一直争论不止。1959年,该村将斜坡地一分为二,分别为两组生产责任区域。1983年3月,斜坡地被划给这两组村民植树造林使用。1985年,县人民政府为村民在斜坡地上种植的林木颁发了《林权证》。1992年11月,土地利用现状调查时,权属争议双方代表到现场指界并签订《土地权属界线认可书》。1993年9月,县土地行政管理部门根据该县土地详查权属调绘至组级的实际,编制了各乡镇含社(组)级权(境)界线的行政区划图。  相似文献   

时空过程网络可视化模拟与分析服务——以溃坝洪水为例     

朱军  尹灵芝  曹振宇  张翔  徐柱  龚竞 《地球信息科学学报》2015,(2):215-221

洪水溃坝等复杂灾害现象的时空过程模拟分析,是当前国际地理信息科学热点研究方向之一。随着网络的普及化,公众对GIS时空分析模型的网络实时集成和可视化分析提出了迫切的需求。本文以溃坝洪水为例开展了时空过程网络可视化模拟与分析服务研究,利用Web GL、HTML5、Ajax、Web Service、GPU并行计算等技术手段,通过探讨溃坝洪水时空模型计算优化、网络三维可视化模拟与动态交互分析等关键技术,研发了原型系统并进行应用实验。实验结果表明,本文研究成果有助于实现时空过程信息的网络发布,在线影响分析及动态可视化服务,可为分布式网络环境下溃坝洪水等时空过程信息管理和应急决策提供科学依据和技术支持。  相似文献   

都柳江洪水传播时间分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄馗  陈晓兵  石宏辉  古书鸿  杨胜忠 《贵州气象》2015,39(3):58-61

基于都柳江流域水位监测资料,开展了洪水传播时间分析。结果显示,电站水库对洪水传播时间具有明显影响;在不受电站水库影响情况下,干流站点间水位和传播时间有显著的相关性。基于水位观测资料,能够建立站点间洪水传播时间和上游站水位的关系模型,并由此推算出洪水传播时间。  相似文献