珠江口羽流锋浮游植物群落对大气沉降的生态响应     

周卫文  李芊  葛在名  刘子嘉  帅义萍  马梦真 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(4):50-60

受季风强迫, 珠江淡水羽在南海北部广泛形成羽流锋面, 而浮游植物群落通常在羽流锋面具有较高的生物量。南海北部毗邻珠江三角洲, 陆源输入的大气沉降对该海区生态系统影响显著。利用2019年3月珠江口西部的现场调查数据, 结合羽流锋面浮游植物群落分布的空间差异与大气沉降影响下的浮游植物群落生态学, 分析两者对南海北部陆架区浮游植物粒径群落以及微微型浮游植物的耦合影响。研究表明, 羽流锋面滨侧以小型(Micro)浮游植物群落为主, 锋面海侧以微微型(Pico)浮游植物群落为主, 而锋面区浮游植物群落粒径分布较为均匀, 且生物量高。锋面区域环境因子差异导致浮游植物群落分布呈现较大的空间差异。在锋面区域, 浮游植物群落生长总体受氮限制, 而聚球藻的生长则受磷限制。锋面区域浮游植物群落内部种群对营养盐的需求和响应有所差异。大气干、湿沉降的添加均能够促进不同粒径浮游植物群落的生长: 在锋面滨侧和锋面海侧, 小型浮游植物群落在添加气溶胶颗粒或雨水后比微型(Nano)和微微型浮游植物群落表现出更大的竞争优势, 生长率最高; 而锋面区域浮游植物群落表现出更强的适应性, 小型、微型、微微型浮游植物群落的生长速率均增加且无显著差异。大气沉降颗粒的添加显著促进了锋面系统微微型真核浮游植物与锋面滨侧聚球藻的生长, 在锋面区域以及锋面海侧则抑制了聚球藻和原绿球藻的生长。  相似文献   

Trends of sea surface temperature and sea surface temperature fronts in the South China Sea during 2003–2017   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

于溢  张浩然  靳江波  王云涛 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):106-115

The trends of the sea surface temperature(SST) and SST fronts in the South China Sea(SCS) are analyzed during2003–2017 using high-resolution satellite data. The linear trend of the basin averaged SST is 0.31°C per decade,with the strongest warming identified in southeastern Vietnam. Although the rate of warming is comparable in summer and winter for the entire basin, the corresponding spatial patterns of the linear trend are substantially different between them. The SST trend to the west of the Luzon Strait is characterized by rapid warming in summer, exceeding approximately 0.6°C per decade, but the trend is insignificant in winter. The strongest warming trend occurs in the southeast of Vietnam in winter, with much less pronounced warming in summer. A positive trend of SST fronts is identified for the coast of China and is associated with increasing wind stress. The increasing trend of SST fronts is also found in the east of Vietnam. Large-scale circulation, such as El Ni?o, can influence the trends of the SST and SST fronts. A significant correlation is found between the SST anomaly and Ni?o3.4 index, and the ENSO signal leads by eight months. The basin averaged SST linear trends increase after the El Ni?o event(2009–2010), which is, at least, due to the rapid warming rate causing by the enhanced northeasterly wind. Peaks of positive anomalous SST and negatively anomalous SST fronts are found to co-occur with the strong El Ni?o events.  相似文献   

南海北部反气旋涡旋边缘的次中尺度动力过程分析     

郑瑞玺  经志友  罗士浩 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(3):19-25

广泛存在于上层海洋的次中尺度过程能有效地从平衡态的中尺度地转剪切中汲取动能, 并通过非地转斜压不稳定正向串级能量至小尺度的耗散过程, 从而对海洋物质能量输运、中尺度过程变异以及混合层再层化等产生重要影响。文章利用高分辨率(500m)的区域海洋数值模式ROMS(Regional Ocean Modeling System)模拟结果, 并结合理论分析, 对南海北部冬季典型反气旋涡的次中尺度动力过程进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明, 典型中尺度涡边缘存在显著的锋面, 锋面海域强烈的水平浮力梯度能有效地减小Ertel位涡, 有利于诱发次中尺度对称不稳定(symmetric instability); 锋生作用是引起该中尺度涡边缘发生对称不稳定的主要动力机制之一。同时, 次中尺度过程及其不稳定引起的垂向次级环流显著增强了混合层垂向物质能量交换, 最大垂向速度可达95m·d^-1, 影响深度最深至80m。  相似文献   

氧18示踪法在浮游植物生产力监测中的应用     

曹凌志  高咏卉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2023,(12):95-103

浮游植物光合和呼吸作用是调节河口碳交换的重要过程。本文在模拟实验基础上,采用重氧水(H₂¹⁸O)加富法培养海水,用四极杆质谱精确测定溶氧的变化和重氧(¹⁸O¹⁶O)的生物富集速率,同步测定总生产力(Gross primary production, GPP)与净群落生产力(Net community production, NCP),估测长江口最大浑浊带、锋面地带和冲淡水延伸区域(舟山海域)的水柱积分GPP和NCP。结果表明,受光限制影响,最大浑浊带水柱积分GPP低(6.11 mmol·m^-2·d^-1),呼吸作用造成NCP为负值,呈异养状态;锋面水柱积分GPP和NCP分别为164.87和135.91 mmol·m^-2·d^-1,主要由表层水体的硅藻贡献,周转效率高达0.82;舟山海域水柱积分GPP和NCP分别为235.44和180.75 mmol·m^-2·d^-1,主要由0...  相似文献   

西南太平洋海洋锋面位置分布研究     

杨威  李丙瑞  高立宝  李锐祥  刘长建  马磊 《极地研究》2020,32(4):469-482

  相似文献   

南海西部风驱离岸急流次中尺度锋面的动力学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄小龙  经志友  郑瑞玺  曹海锦 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):1-1

本文利用卫星观测资料和500 m分辨率数值模拟结果,结合理论分析,对南海西部夏季风场驱动的离岸急流海域次中尺度锋面及其不稳定对背景流场的动力学影响进行了研究。卫星观测和模拟结果表明,南海西部（WSCS）存在侧向尺度为O（1-10）km的次中尺度锋面,在地转和非地转运动的共同作用下,次中尺度密度锋面具有一阶Rossby（Ro）和Richardson（Ri）数。锋面诊断结果显示,沿锋面急流方向的风场强迫引起了显著的跨锋面Ekman净输送,有效地在跨锋面方向将表层冷水平流输送至暖水侧,导致海表浮力损失。减弱的垂向层结和增强的水平浮力梯度使得锋面海域出现负Ertel位涡（PV）,表明该密度锋面易受次中尺度对称不稳定（SI）的影响。次中尺度锋面不稳定引起的跨锋面次级环流能够显著增强垂向速度,其最大值可达100 m·d^-1。能量评估结果表明,次中尺度湍流的两个主要能量源,即地转剪切项（GSP）和垂向浮力通量（BFLUX）在锋面海域显著增强表明在沿锋面急流方向的风场强迫作用下,大尺度地转流的地转剪切动能和锋面有效位能能有效地通过锋面不稳定向次中尺度过程传递。因此,次中尺度锋面及其不稳定有助于增强局地垂向交换和正向串级地转能量,可以为夏季WSCS高叶绿素浓度的相干结构和锋面地转能量的正向传递提供新的动力解释。  相似文献   

南海北部深水区东西构造差异性及其动力学机制   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

郑全安  谢玲玲  熊学军  胡晓敏  陈亮 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(1):1-13

This paper overviews research progress in observation, theoretical analysis and numerical modeling of submesoscale dynamic processes in the South China Sea(SCS) particularly during recent five years. The submesoscale processes are defined according to both spatial and dynamic scales, and divided into four subcategories as submesoscale waves, submesoscale vortexes, submesoscale shelf processes, and submesoscale turbulence. The major new findings are as follows.(1) Systematic mooring observations provide new insights into the solitary waves(ISWs) and the typhoon-forced near-inertial waves(NIWs), of which a new type of ISWs with period of 23 h was observed in the northern SCS(NSCS), and the influences of background vorticity, summer monsoon onset, and deep meridional overturning circulation on the NIWs, as well as nonlinear wave-wave interaction between the NIWs and internal tides, are better understood. On the other hand, satellite altimeter sea surface height data are used to reveal the internal tide radiation patterns and provide solid evidence for that the ISWs in the northeastern SCS originate from the Luzon Strait.(2) Submesoscale offshore jets and associated vortex trains off the Vietnam coast in the western boundary of the SCS were observed from satellite chlorophyll concentration images. Spiral trains with the horizontal scale of 15–30 km and the spacing of 50–80 km were identified.(3) 3-D vertical circulation in the upwelling region east of Hainan Island was theoretically analyzed. The results show that distribution patterns of all the dynamic terms are featured by wave-like structures with horizontal wavelength scale of 20–40 km.(4) Numerical models have been used for the research of submesoscale turbulence. Submesoscale vertical pump of an anticyclonic eddy and the spatiotemporal features of submesoscale processes in the northeastern SCS are well modeled.  相似文献   

Detection of the Kuroshio frontal instable processes (KFIP) in the East China Sea using the MODIS images     

JIA Yongjun  ZHANG Jie 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(6):35-43

The Kuroshio frontal instable processes (KFIP) in the East China Sea (ECS) not only have a great impact on the hydrologic characteristics,the pollutants drift,the distribution of seafloor sediment and the ships navigation of the ECS,but also are closely related to the climate changes of the coastal areas of the ECS.However the frequency and area of occurrence of the KFIP have not been studied fully and detailedly.Because of its high spatial and temporal resolution,MODIS data is a kind of very good data source for surveying and researching the KFIP in the ECS.The aim of this study is to detect the KFIP in the ECS by using MODIS data,and to study the frequency and region of occurrence of the KFIP in the ECS.The selection has coverage of level 2 data of MODIS SST and Kd490 ranging from July 1,2002 to June 30,2009 of the ECS when there was no cloud impact or little.By using of the data,the minimum standard of the Kuroshio temperature fronts and the diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd490) fronts of the ECS are given.Based on these standards and the curvature distinguish methods,the standard of curvature distinguish for the KFIP in the ECS are put forward.By making use of this standard,we study a total of 2073 satellite-derived images,and discover that as long as there is no cloud impact from January to May and October to December,the KFIP in the ECS are surely found in MODIS satellite images.From June to September,the frequency of occurrence can also reach to 82.9% at least.Moreover,it is obtained that there are three source regions of these instability processes,namely,(26°N,121.5°E) nearby,(27°N,125°E) nearby and (30°N,128°E) nearby.The differences of the characteristics of these instability processes which are generated in different regions are analyzed in the present study.  相似文献   

九龙江口-厦门港河口盐度锋面的特征   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

王伟强  张远辉  黄自强 《台湾海峡》2000,19(1):82-88

本文着重研究九龙江口－厦门港冬季小潮实测的各潮时盐度锋面,发现其具有锋面宽度窄、盐度梯度很大,平面上等盐线大致成西北－东南走向、横断面上则较多呈向南向下倾斜的特征,其锋面盐度在１５～２７之间,锋面宽度约在２．６～４．３ｋｍ之间,盐度梯度在２．１～２．６ｋｍ＾－１之间;但盐度锋面区的位置、宽度和盐度梯度随潮位、水深的变化而变化。落急时各盐度锋面都在象鼻嘴与屿仔尾连线以西,并随水深的增加不断向西推移,  相似文献   

长江口外及浙江沿岸夏季上升流的潮生机制   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

吕新刚  乔方利  夏长水  袁业立 《中国科学D辑》2007,37(1):133-144

基于普林斯顿海洋模式(POM)建立了MASNUM (Laboratory of MArine Science and NUmerical Modeling)海浪-潮流-环流耦合模式, 对长江口外及浙江沿岸海域夏季的上升流现象进行了数值模拟, 并从潮运动的角度分析了其动力机制, 对该海域潮致上升流的形成机理给出了一种新的解释. 研究表明, 该海域上升流的潮生机制同时体现在正压和斜压2个方面: 单纯的正压潮余流能够通过底层辐合和沿地形坡度爬升两种过程产生上升流; 在斜压海洋环境下, 强烈的潮混合作用在近岸陆坡区形成显著的锋面, 锋面两侧存在明显的密度差异, 该密度差异造成的水平压力梯度诱生出沿锋面的次级环流, 其上升流分支出现在锋区附近. 数值试验表明, 潮运动是该海域上升流的一个极为重要的诱发因子, 甚至占主导地位. 研究还发现, 与单纯模拟M2分潮相比, 对MS2, S₂, K₁及O₁ 4个主要分潮耦合计算有助于改善正压潮致上升流的模拟结果.  相似文献