丽江2.4米望远镜的圆顶侧窗自动化控制系统     

王德清  丁旭  伦宝利  王传军  范玉峰  和寿圣  辛玉新  余晓光 《天文研究与技术》2019,(3):359-365

丽江2.4 m望远镜的圆顶采用方位随动和滑动式天窗的超半球结构,起初为改善因圆顶和望远镜终端电子设备引起的内外大气湍流,设计了大面积的多组机械式侧窗。但由于高平台手动操作危险、缓慢、不精确且易损坏,为实现侧窗稳定的多组自动控制,开发了基于STM32板的嵌入式圆顶侧窗自动控制系统,利用WiFi模块、串口模块和手柄实现侧窗的远程和多通道控制。同时结合气象数据、圆顶位置信息等使系统能根据气象阈值进行预警、自动开合,并尽量减小风对望远镜振动的影响。侧窗控制系统的设计可满足上层系统集成的需要。该系统稳定可靠,能满足侧窗的自主运行与人为控制。  相似文献   

High-resolution magnetostratigraphy and micropalaeontology across the J/K boundary strata at Brodno near ilina, western Slovakia: summary of results     

Vclav Hou a  Miroslav Krs  Marta Krsov  Otakar Man  Petr Pruner  Daniela Venhodov 《Cretaceous Research》1999,20(6):699

This study summarizes the final results of magnetostratigraphic and micropalaeontological investigations of the Tithonian/Berriasian boundary (J/K) limestones at the locality of Brodno near ilina, Western Carpathians, West Slovakia. The aim is to prepare the background for correlation of a Late Tithonian and Early Berriasian biostratigraphic zonation with global magnetoevents (manifested in detailed magnetostratigraphic profiles) between the Tethyan realm and other regions, particularly the Boreal and Pacific realms. Suitable physical properties of the limestones studied, a favourable geological setting and rich microfossil assemblages (calpionellids) at Brodno (magnetozones M21r to M18r) allowed a systematic collection of new data on the original synoptic section, which now has the character of a high-resolution profile across the J/K boundary. Two reverse subzones detected within magnetozones M20n and M19n are named ‘Kysuca Subzone’ and ‘Brodno Subzone’, respectively. Both can be correlated with analogous subzones in the M-sequence of marine anomalies. Their existence can also be confirmed in the Bosso Valley section in Umbria, central Italy. A detailed study of the interval between magnetozones M20n and M17r in the Bosso Valley profile is presently in its final stage. Both magnetostratigraphic profiles, from the Brodno and Bosso Valley localities, were thoroughly investigated in the intervals close to the J/K boundary and are still unique among continent-based profiles in the detection and precise definition of both reverse subzones within M20n and M19n. Samples collected from the boundary strata of the reverse Kysuca Subzone at Brodno indicated a transition from N (R) to R (N) polarity of the Earth's palaeomagnetic field within a time interval of c. ±5 ka. Limestone samples (total number N=368) were subjected to progressive thermal demagnetization in 10–12 thermal fields and to subsequent multi-component analysis of remanence. The C-component, as the carrier of palaeomagnetic directions, was determined in the temperature interval of 300° to 540°, or possibly 580°C. Magnetomineralogical analyses of pilot samples and unblocking temperatures determined for all samples showed that magnetite is the carrier of remanent magnetization. The positions of the individual events of calpionellid stratigraphy relative to the global magnetic polarity timescale are precisely defined. The base of the Calpionella Standard Zone, which is considered a provisional J/K boundary indicator in ammonite-free sections in the Tethyan realm, lies within magnetozone M19n at the level of 35% of its local thickness. None of the boundaries in the calpionellid zonation coincides precisely with any of those in the palaeomagnetic zonation, but the first appearance ofCalpionella grandalpina , indicating the base of the Intermedia Subzone, lies in close proximity to the base of magnetozone M19r.  相似文献   

Modelling the effects of changes in rainfall event characteristics on TSS loads in urban runoff          下载免费PDF全文

Matthias Borris  Maria Viklander  Anna‐Maria Gustafsson  Jiri Marsalek 《水文研究》2014,28(4):1787-1796

The effect of changes in rainfall event characteristics on urban stormwater quality, which was described by total suspended solids (TSS), was studied by means of computer simulations conducted with the Storm Water Management Model for a climate change scenario for northern Sweden. The simulation results showed that TSS event loads depended mainly on rainfall depth and intensity, but not on antecedent conditions. Storms with low‐to‐intermediate depths and intensities showed the highest sensitivity to changes in rainfall input, both for percentage and absolute changes in TSS wash‐off loads, which was explained by the contribution of pervious areas and supply limitations. This has significant implications for stormwater management, because those relatively frequent events generally carry a high percentage of the annual pollutant load. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

青海德尔尼铜矿床成因最新研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

董富权  钱壮志  王建中  仲佳鑫  孙涛  徐刚  段俊 《西北地质》2012,(3):93-102

德尔尼铜矿床位于青海省玛沁县积石山中段德尔尼山南坡,是一个以铜为主,钴、锌等多元素可以综合利用的大型矿床。矿床成因存在较大分歧,因此,笔者运用宏观观察、矿相学研究及电子探针测试分析相结合的方法,重点对该矿床金属矿物矿相学、矿石矿物组合及矿床成因进行了系统研究,首次在德尔尼铜矿床中发现重晶石和石膏。石英-碳酸盐-重晶石-石膏为海底热液矿床的典型低温矿物组合。通过构造成矿环境、成矿物质来源研究,结合草莓状结构、矿体顶部的硅质岩、重晶石和石膏的发现等,种种迹象表明该矿床为海底热液喷流沉积矿床。  相似文献   

不同尺度流域月径流模拟对比与敏感性分析——以西江流域为例     

蒋华波  陈建耀  关绮琪  董林垚  付丛生 《福建地理》2011,(1):45-55

通过新安江月径流模型耦合加速遗传算法对西江流域3个不同尺度子流域——新兴江流域(1 790 km2)、罗定江流域(3 164 km2)和贺江流域(8 326 km2)进行了模拟,同时对模型参数进行了敏感性分析.结果表明:1)在模型参数较多的情况下,用加速遗传算法能很快找到最优化参数,通过参数的初始区间的合理设定可以使参数值达到全局最优,并且使其符合参数的实际取值情况;2)在1 000～9 000 km2流域面积内只有1个气象站的情况下,利用新安江月径流模型模拟的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数为65%以上;3)降雨径流的相关性越强,则模拟精度越高;4)20世纪80年代后,罗定江流域径流的变化主要受降雨的影响,人类活动影响相对其他2个子流域弱;5)新安江月径流模型的敏感参数为蒸发系数K、地下水出流系数KG、地下水消退系数CG和自由水蓄水容量SM(0～10),参数的取值范围会影响到模型参数的敏感性;异参同效仍然是流域水文模型的不确定性的一个重要方面,GLUE方法能够反映这一点.  相似文献   

基于TM遥感影像的淮安市土地利用变化分析     

孟君陶  程杨  徐晓红  桑雪珺  姚保民 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(8):43-45

随着社会的快速发展,人类活动的日益频繁,地球表面发生了翻天覆地的变化。遥感技术以其独特的优势成为土地利用调查和变化研究的重要技术手段。本文以淮安市1995年和2006年的TM遥感影像为主要数据,依据土地利用类型的光谱特征,采用NDVI,NDWI,NDBI和非监督分类方法分别提取耕地、林地、草地、水体和建筑用地类型,并对提取结果从结构和变化角度进行分析。结果证明:1)依据地物光谱特征,采用不同模型分别提取土地利用类型的方法切实可行;2)淮安市是一个以农用地为主、水资源丰富、城镇化水平较低的地区;在1995~2006年间,耕地、水域和草地分布呈减少的趋势,林地和建筑用地呈不断增加的趋势。  相似文献   

基于离散单元法研究沉管复合地基水平工作特性     

朱小军  李文帅  费康  许朝阳  孔伟阳 《冰川冻土》2016,38(4):1036-1043

通过颗粒流模拟,建立了沉管复合地基水平受荷时的离散元模型,对桩在水平荷载作用下的受力性状进行了研究.分析了土体位移场变化规律和应力变化等宏观因素,以及土颗粒力链、配位数和孔隙率等细观参数.由模拟结果可知：竖向荷载作用下沉管在水平方向移动时,垫层颗粒受到扰动,当增加竖向荷载,沉管底部土体受扰动范围变小,可知增加竖向荷载使桩间土的挤密作更显著,对降低土体扰动有较明显的效果;通过对桩顶土颗粒中强力链在沉管水平位移影响下的发展趋势研究知道,土体颗粒体系内力链并不是不变的,强弱力链之间可以相互转换.  相似文献   

插值公式、相关系数和采样间隔对GRACE Follow-On 星间加速度精度的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郑伟  许厚泽  钟敏  员美娟 《地球物理学报》2012,55(3):822-832

本文基于星间加速度法开展了插值公式、相关系数和采样间隔对GRACE Follow-On星间加速度精度影响的研究. 模拟结果表明:1)适当增加数值微分公式的插值点数可有效提高插值精度. 基于9点Newton插值公式,星间加速度的插值误差为4.401×10^-13 m·s^-2,分别基于7点、5点和3点插值公式,插值误差增加了1.192倍、6.912倍和274.029倍. 2)适当增大相关系数可有效降低星间加速度的误差. 基于相关系数0.99,星间加速度方差为3.777×10^-24 m²·s^-4,分别基于相关系数0.90、0.70、0.50和0.00,方差增加了9.780倍、22.404倍、26.217倍和26.820倍. 3)随着采样间隔增大,星间加速度方差逐渐降低,但卫星观测值的空间分辨率也同时降低,因此合理选取采样间隔有利于地球重力场精度的提高. 4)基于9点Newton插值公式、相关系数(K波段测量系统星间距离和星间速度0.85、GPS轨道位置和轨道速度0.95、星载加速度计非保守力0.90)和采样间隔10 s,利用预处理共轭梯度迭代法,精确和快速反演了120阶GRACE Follow-On地球重力场,在120阶处累计大地水准面精度为4.602×10^-4 m.  相似文献   

Prediction of scour depth at breakwaters due to non-breaking waves using machine learning approaches     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

Coastal structures may cease to function properly due to seabed scouring. Hence, prediction of the maximum scour depth is of great importance for the protection of these structures. Since scour is the result of a complicated interaction between structure, sediment, and incoming waves, empirical equations are not as accurate as machine learning schemes, which are being widely employed for the coastal engineering modeling. In this paper, which can be regarded as an extension of Pourzangbar et al. (2016), two soft computing methods, a support vector regression (SVR), and a model tree algorithm (M5′), have been implemented to predict the maximum scour depth due to non-breaking waves. The models predict the relative scour depth (S_max/H₀) on the basis of the following variables: relative water depth at the toe of the breakwater (h_toe/L₀), Shields parameter (θ), non-breaking wave steepness (H₀/L₀), and reflection coefficient (Cr). 95 laboratory data points, extracted from dedicated experimental studies, have been used for developing the models, whose performances have been assessed on the basis of statistical parameters. The results suggest that all of the developed models predict the maximum scour depth with high precision, the M5′ model performed marginally better than the SVR model and also allowed to define a set of transparent and physically sound relationships. Such relationships, which are in good agreement with the existing empirical findings, show that the relative scour depth is mainly affected by wave reflection.  相似文献   

冻土动力学参数研究的成果综述与展望   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

肖东辉  马巍  赵淑萍  张泽  蔡聪 《冰川冻土》2015,37(6):1611-1626

通过对前人的试验成果进行整理, 得到冻土动力学参数随温度、频率、应变幅、含水量和围压等因素的整体变化规律. 整体上看, 冻土的动弹性模量和动剪切模量随温度的降低而增大、随荷载振动频率的增加而增大、随动应变幅的增加而减小、随含水量的增加先增大后减小、随围压的增加而增大; 冻土的泊松比随温度的降低而增大; 冻土的阻尼比随温度的降低而减小, 随频率、应变幅、含水量、围压的变化规律性不强. 通过对试验条件和数值模拟时的实际工况对比分析, 给出如下建议: 动弹性模量和动剪切模量的预估适合用两段式线性模型, -5℃可以作为两段式的分界点; 列车荷载作用下冻土的动力响应属于小应变幅的振动, 冻土动力学参数应选择波速法的试验结果.  相似文献