敦煌遗书中地理书卷的学术价值   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李并成 《地理研究》1992,11(3):41-49

敦煌遗书中保存了大批地理方面的书卷,依其内容可分为古地志、古行记和地理杂文书3大类,其中包含着大量的非常珍贵的自然和人文地理资料,具有十分重要的学术价值。  相似文献   

储层构型研究方法简介   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

贾振远  蔡忠贤 《地质科技情报》1992,11(4):63-68

构型研究是沉积学和储集层地质学目前一个重要的新的研究方法。它把过去二维的模式转化为三维的模式,对解决储集层(体)的不均匀性提出了新的途径。该方法是著名河流沉积学家Miall(1985,1988)提出的。现不少学者运用该方法解决各地区的沉积学和储集层(体)的问题。构型研究从选择构型体到构型单元的研究,直到运用,已有系统的理论和步骤。本文为提倡和推广该方法,向研究者们作一系统介绍。  相似文献   

Long-term landscape evolution in Australia     

Stephen J. Gale 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1992,17(4):323-343

The main features of the Australian physical landscape are of the order of 10⁷-10⁸ years old. This contradicts the widely held view that little of the Earth's topography predates the Quaternary and that erosion cycles are carried to planation within tens of millions of years. Much of the Australian landscape must have developed over similar timescales to that of the tectonic evolution of the continent itself. The study of the geomorphology of such ancient terrains may therefore be seriously deficient unless it is considered within the context of continental-scale tectonic development. Application of this approach shows that there are strong links between the geomorphology of Australia and plate movements, ocean spreading, plate convergence, tectonostratigraphic terranes, orogenesis and epeirogenesis. The most important factor contributing to the survival of ancient landscapes in Australia is the low rate of denudation which the continent has experienced during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. This is largely a consequence of orogenic stability, although the absence of significant Quaternary glaciation may also be of importance. However, in order for landforms to have survived over such timespans, denudation must not only have been low, but must also have been highly localized over space and time. This has been the case both on a regional scale, with long-term denudation rates of 0-2 m Ma^?1 in central Australia contrasting with higher rates along the continental margins, and on a local scale, with denudation confined to valleys, leaving divides and interfluves almost unscathed.  相似文献   

贵州猫场超大型铝土矿床成因浅析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

庄志贤  陶泳昌  周安乐 《贵州地质》2016,33(4):272-277,283

猫场铝土矿床位于大威岭背斜北东端猫场穹窿背斜。由于寒武系碳酸盐岩古喀斯特侵蚀面,经长期风化溶蚀淋滤作用,在古喀斯特正地形上先形成粘土层,粘土层进一步风化溶蚀经脱硅、脱铁形成三水铝石的矿源层,而古喀斯特负地形则为铝土矿的沉积提供了充足的场所。本文通过对含矿岩系的特征分析,结合沉积相与古地理环境等研究,揭示了猫场铝土矿床的形成严格受大地构造和古喀斯特地形的控制。  相似文献   

我国GIS研究进展述评(2011～2015年)——兼谈GIS在城乡建筑遗产保护领域的应用     

康勇卫  梁志华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(10)

对2011 ～2015年间GIS相关研究进展做了述评.对GIS在城乡建筑遗产保护领域的应用与实践做了简述,对GIS在传统民居地理学领域的应用做了一些探索.  相似文献   

历史建筑和历史风貌区普查成果的质检技术标准研究     

李琳琳  谢伟秋  刘锋 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(2):180-182

齐全、规范的历史建筑和历史风貌区数据信息对文化遗产保护利用十分重要,而普查作为数据信息获取的有效手段,其成果质量的好坏直接关系历史建筑和历史风貌区本身的价值。本文深入研究并阐述了如何根据成果特点创新地运用质检标准,确定错漏计分与质量评定的方法,从而对历史建筑普查成果进行质量检验,并展望了该质检方法在普查类项目成果的中应用。  相似文献   

新书介绍地质学在中国的传播与发展——以地质学教科书为中心（1853~1937）     

刘志强 《地质论评》2022,68(5):1838-1838

杨丽娟. 2022. 地质学在中国的传播与发展——以地质学教科书为中心（1853~1937）. 杭州：浙江古籍出版社：1~312.  相似文献   

Ancient depletion signals in lherzolites from forearc region: Constraints from Lu-Hf isotope compositions     

Yang Xu  Chuan-Zhou Liu  Wei Lin  Xue-Fa Shi 《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(1):101259

The sub-arc mantle that experienced hydrous melting is commonly characterized by refractory geochemical compositions. Nevertheless, minor lherzolites with fertile compositions have also been reported for mantle peridotites from subduction zone. The petrogenesis and mantle source of the lherzolites are still controversial. The New Caledonia ophiolite(Peridotite Nappe) has been regarded as an allochthonous body of forearc lithosphere. This is supported by refractory compositions of its dominant mantle rocks.A few isolated lherzolitic massifs have also been observed in the northern part of New Caledonia.Those lherzolites are compositionally similar to abyssal peridotites, with negligible subduction-related modification. Here, we present new comprehensive geochemical compositions, in particular highprecision Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data, for the lherzolites. The initial¹⁷⁶ Hf/¹⁷⁷ Hf ratios display moderate correlations with sensitive indicators for the extent of melting(i.e., olivine Fo, whole-rock Mg# and Yb contents in clinopyroxene) and whole-rock initial¹⁸⁷ Os/¹⁸⁸ Os ratios. Some samples have ancient radiogenic Hf isotopes and unradiogenic Os isotope compositions, implying the preservation of ancient depletion signals in the lherzolites. The Nd isotope compositions, together with trace elements and mineral micro-textures, suggest that the lherzolites have been overprinted by a recent melt-rock interaction event. The high equilibrium temperatures of the studied samples have been estimated by the twopyroxene REE thermometer, yielding temperatures of 1066–1315 ℃. The lherzolites have more depleted Nd-Hf isotope compositions and higher equilibrium temperatures than the New Caledonia harzburgites.This indicates that the lherzolites may represent the residues of asthenosphere mantle trapped within the forearc region. Our studies on the New Caledonia lherzolites with ancient depletion signals suggest that ancient mantle domains in the convective mantle can be emplaced in forearc region by the upwelling of asthenosphere during the early stage of subduction initiation.  相似文献   

Proximity-based grouping of buildings in urban blocks: a comparison of four algorithms   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Sinan Cetinkaya  Melih Basaraner  Dirk Burghardt 《国际地球制图》2015,30(6):618-632

Grouping of buildings based on proximity is a pre-processing step of urban pattern (structure) recognition for contextual cartographic generalization. This paper presents a comparison of grouping algorithms for polygonal buildings in urban blocks. Four clustering algorithms, Minimum Spanning Tree (MST), Density-Based Spatial Clustering Application with Noise (DBSCAN), CHAMELEON and Adaptive Spatial Clustering based on Delaunay Triangulation (ASCDT) are reviewed and analysed to detect building groups. The success of the algorithms is evaluated based on group distribution characteristics (i.e. distribution of the buildings in groups) with two methods: S_Dbw and newly proposed Cluster Assessment Circles. A proximity matrix of the nearest distances between the building polygons, and Delaunay triangulation of building vertices are created as an input for the algorithms. A topographic data-set at 1:25,000 scale is used for the experiments. Urban block polygons are created to constrain the clustering processes from topological aspect. Findings of the experiment demonstrate that DBSCAN and ASCDT are superior to CHAMELEON and MST. Among them, MST has exhibited the worst performance for finding meaningful building groups in urban blocks.  相似文献   

北方村落木结构民居榫卯节点抗震性能试验研究     

沈银澜  周敬轩  王利辉  刘辉  周海宾  吴震东  宫逸飞 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(1):165-175

现存的传统村落木结构民居,由于受风雨侵蚀及战乱、地震、火灾的破坏,发生不同程度的损伤和破坏,榫卯节点残损情况直接影响整个民居房屋结构的安全。以北方地区传统村落“四梁八柱”木结构民居榫卯节点（馒头榫）为研究对象,考虑不同残损类型及程度,制作5个足尺梁柱节点模型,通过拟静力低周往复加载试验研究其破坏模式、弯矩-转角滞回响应及骨架曲线、加载刚度、变形、强度及耗能能力等力学性能。试验结果表明:馒头榫节点破坏模式表现为榫头拔出、榫与卯口挤压变形;相比于完好节点,残损馒头榫节点抗弯承载力、加载刚度和耗能能力明显降低,且“捏拢”效应加剧;榫头松动是导致节点力学性能降低的直接原因;垂直加载方向虫蛀节点力学性能劣化程度强于平行加载方向虫蛀节点,更易导致耗能能力降低。  相似文献