我国《地方病与环境图集》编制研究     

苏映平 《地理学报》1990,45(3):295-301

《中华人民共和国地方病与环境图集》是一部展示人类疾病与生态环境关系的新型地图集。本文重点论述它的编制意义、原则、特点和方法。  相似文献   

A quantitative estimation of the energetic cost of brown ring disease in the Manila clam using Dynamic Energy Budget theory     

Jonathan Flye-Sainte-Marie  Fred Jean  Christine Paillard  Sebastiaan A.L.M. Kooijman 《Journal of Sea Research》2009,62(2-3):114

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气象因素影响下中国手足口病时空演化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢玲  王宏卫  刘素红  高一薄  玛丽亚木·玛木提  伊素燕  马晨 《地球信息科学学报》2021,23(3):431-442

近年来,手足口病在我国感染者的数量仍然呈现逐渐增加的趋势,对公共健康造成很大的威胁,也对疾病防控提出严峻的挑战。为探讨气象因素（气温、降水）对我国手足口病（Hand Foot and Mouth Disease, HFMD）发病的时空影响特征及规律,本文以我国手足口病疫情平发年2017年为例,利用分地区、分月份疫情数据,采用地理探测器、空间自相关等分析方法分析各地气象（气温、降水）因素对手足口病发病影响及其时空分异。结果表明：① 在时间上,2017年我国各地中心城市手足口病发病有明显的季节差异,年内有单峰发病模式和双峰（高低峰、双高峰）发病模式,且2017年2、4、12月各地中心城市手足口病发病率有显著的空间相关;② 在空间上,2017年我国各省、市手足口病发病在空间上表现为东南各省市发病率高,西北各省市发病率低的特点,并随降水量由东南向西北呈现递减趋势;③ 2017年省、自治区、直辖市和地级市手足口病爆发热点时段（4—8月）时空演化分析,先由东南各省向西北各省蔓延,后又表现为由西向东退缩;④ 2017年我国各地中心城市手足口病月发病率分别与年均降水量、年均温,呈二次函数关系（R²=0.6623）和指数函数关系（R²=0.6469）;⑤ 气温和降水对手足口病交互作用结果表现为双因子非线性增强,气温和降水的交互作用对手足口病传播的影响更为显著。气象因素对我国手足口病发病存在影响,我国手足口病发病在时间和空间上均存在显著差异,分析结果在宏观尺度上可为我国手足口病防控提供参考。  相似文献   

文山铝土矿A12O3测试中半二甲酚橙的作用     

李跃松  柳昆华  戈润韬 《云南地质》2010,29(4):456-457

一水硬铝石及含刚玉（A12O3）铝土矿的测试较困难。NaF置换滴定法以二甲酚橙及半二甲酚橙较敏锐。可用半二甲酚橙（变色酸度在PH=5～6）直接调节酸度,再用作滴定的指示剂,效果较好。  相似文献   

降温降水对池塘水环境影响及诱发鳜鱼疾病的研究     

赖子尼  吴淑勤  石存斌  潘厚军  禤卫东  劳启宁  吴柳平  钟邓文 《广东海洋大学学报》1999,(3)

探讨气候变化（降水、降温）与养殖鳜鱼（Ｓｉｎｉｐｅｒｃａ ｃｈｕａｓｔｓｉ）池溏主要水生态因子关系问题。结果表明，降水、降温会引起藻类种群的改变，进而溶氧变化，最终影响鱼的健康，低溶氧是诱发鳜鱼疾病的首要水化因子。所以，气侯变化是生态因子变化继而诱发鳜鱼疾病的催化剂。水中营养盐浓度影响藻类生长。  相似文献   

广州“5·21”新冠肺炎疫情时空演化与防控管理     

李文辉  陈丽茹  冼楚盈  孙彩歌 《热带地理》2022,42(10):1713-1723

广州“5·21”新冠肺炎疫情是境内首起由新冠病毒“德尔塔”（Delta）变异毒株引发的本土疫情。以广州“5·21”疫情感染者为对象,采用统计分析、文本分析和社会网络分析方法,分析本土境外输入关联疫情的统计特征、扩散网络与防控管理。研究结论主要有：1）广州“5·21”疫情感染者以老年人居多,感染者潜伏期较短,病毒传播速度快。核酸检测筛查可将病毒传播的风险精准控制在已知范围;行程轨迹可以辅助及时厘清病毒传播链条,切断传播途径。2）感染者所在区和镇街、重点防控区域、分级分类防控管理区域呈片状和点状分布,感染者在少数镇街呈集聚分布特征,疫情传播以接触扩散为主、兼具跳跃扩散的特征。3）疫情扩散传播网络以“簇状”和“链状”为主,网络整体呈现一定“小世界”特征;网络节点层面指标值较高的节点处于疫情接触扩散传播网络的关键路径,是疫情分级分类防控管理的重点对象。4）疫情分级分类防控管理应做好出入管理、社区管控、居家隔离、需求保障、生活垃圾处理、环境消杀、健康监测和服务、核酸检测、宣传引导和管控解除等工作。  相似文献   

应用动态复合震源模型模拟汶川Mw7.9地震强地面运动   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

孟令媛  史保平 《地球物理学报》2011,54(4):1010-1027

2008年5月12日中国汶川地区发生Mw7.9地震,震中位置103.4°E,31.0°N.主要发震断层空间展布长达300多公里,由南西方向到北东方向呈现明显的分段性,汶川一映秀段逆冲为主兼有少量的右旋走滑分量;安县一北川段为逆冲一右旋走滑的断层错动;青川段以右旋走滑为主兼有少量逆冲分量.采用改进后的复合震源强地面运动预...  相似文献   

Geographical Detectors‐Based Health Risk Assessment and its Application in the Neural Tube Defects Study of the Heshun Region,China     

Jin‐Feng Wang  Xin‐Hu Li  George Christakos  Yi‐Lan Liao  Tin Zhang  Xue Gu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(1):107-127

Physical environment, man‐made pollution, nutrition and their mutual interactions can be major causes of human diseases. These disease determinants have distinct spatial distributions across geographical units, so that their adequate study involves the investigation of the associated geographical strata. We propose four geographical detectors based on spatial variation analysis of the geographical strata to assess the environmental risks of health: the risk detector indicates where the risk areas are; the factor detector identifies factors that are responsible for the risk; the ecological detector discloses relative importance between the factors; and the interaction detector reveals whether the risk factors interact or lead to disease independently. In a real‐world study, the primary physical environment (watershed, lithozone and soil) was found to strongly control the neural tube defects (NTD) occurrences in the Heshun region (China). Basic nutrition (food) was found to be more important than man‐made pollution (chemical fertilizer) in the control of the spatial NTD pattern. Ancient materials released from geological faults and subsequently spread along slopes dramatically increase the NTD risk. These findings constitute valuable input to disease intervention strategies in the region of interest.  相似文献   

Link between sewage-derived nitrogen pollution and coral disease severity in Guam     

Jamey E. Redding  Roxanna L. Myers-Miller  David M. Baker  Marilyn Fogel  Laurie J. Raymundo  Kiho Kim 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

The goals of this study were to evaluate the contribution of sewage-derived N to reef flat communities in Guam and to assess the impact of N inputs on coral disease. We used stable isotope analysis of macroalgae and a soft coral, sampled bimonthly, as a proxy for N dynamics, and surveyed Porites spp., a dominant coral taxon on Guam’s reefs, for white syndrome disease severity. Results showed a strong influence of sewage-derived N in nearshore waters, with δ¹⁵N values varying as a function of species sampled, site, and sampling date. Increases in sewage-derived N correlated significantly with increases in the severity of disease among Porites spp., with δ¹⁵N values accounting for more than 48% of the variation in changes in disease severity. The anticipated military realignment and related population increase in Guam are expected to lead to increased white syndrome infections and other coral diseases.  相似文献   

Shaking Intensity Distribution of the April 14,2010 Yushu,China Earthquake     

Chen Kun  Yu Yanxiang  Gao Mengtan 《中国地震研究》2010,24(3):394-397

Two hours after the 2010 Yushu Earthquake, the shaking intensity distribution was obtained using the ShakeMap Rapid Generation System Based on Site Effects,developed by the author,which integrates the information of tectonic settings,the strike and scale of causative faults, focal mechanism solutions, fault rupture process and attenuation relationship in Western China,as well as local site effects. The results are as follows: ① The major axis of shaking intensity distribution is directed NW-SE,parallel to the Yushu fault; ② The meizoseismal area reaches an intensity Ⅸ and covers 300km2; ③ The intensity Ⅸ area is mainly distributed in the area 40km southeast and 15km northwest of the epicenter along the causative fault; ④ Due to local soil conditions,the northwestern part of the area with intensity Ⅸ on bedrock shows an intensity Ⅷ when converting from the bedrock to the soil; ⑤ Areas with intensity Ⅷ,Ⅶ,Ⅵ measure 3,000km2,8,000km2,and 24,000km2, respectively.  相似文献