Structure and composition of the consolidated mud tube of Maldane sarsi (Polychaeta: Maldanidae)     

Suzanne C. Dufour  Caroline White  Gaston Desrosiers  S. Kim Juniper 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Maldanid polychaetes can be important components of marine benthic communities, playing significant roles in particle subduction or sediment irrigation. Many maldanids are known to inhabit tubes consisting of sediments consolidated by mucus; the structure and composition of these tubes, and their potential impact on benthic environments, are poorly known. We examined the three-dimensional organization of Maldane sarsi tubes, using CT scanning together with analyses of sediment grain size and concentrations of Fe, Mn, organic carbon and bacteria in tube material. M. sarsi tubes consist of stacks of individual consolidated mud disks, surrounding a dense, continuous, inner tube. The tubes of M. sarsi contained fewer fine particles than surrounding sediments, and greater concentrations of Fe, Mn, organic carbon and bacteria, especially in the inner zone. These distributions suggest that tube irrigation affects Fe and Mn oxidation and precipitation in a narrow zone surrounding M. sarsi, and that mucous secretion and potential feeding activities (the hoeing of surface sediments) lead to increases in organic carbon and bacteria in the inner, and deepest parts of the tube. The finding of relict tubes, buried at up to 15 cm depth, indicates a relatively high longevity for these structures and suggests a potential importance in biogeochemical cycling.  相似文献   

海水淡化排放的高盐废水对海洋生态环境的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄逸君  陈全震  曾江宁  江志兵 《海洋学研究》2009,27(3):103-110

盐度是海洋环境中最重要的生态因子之一,每种生物各有其适宜生长盐度要求,当环境盐度超过该范围时,生物体的生长、发育、生殖、行为和分布都会受到影响.近10年来,随着淡水资源紧缺和海水淡化处理成本的下降,海水淡化厂数量急剧增加,大量浓盐水进入海区导致受纳海域盐度升高.高浓度盐水给海洋生态环境带来许多负面影响,有关浓盐水的海洋生态安全问题备受人们关注.在总结和分析浓盐水对海洋浮游生物、底栖动物、甲壳类动物、鱼类和海草等影响的基础上,指出海水淡化厂排放的高盐废水对海洋生态的潜在威胁,浓盐水的排放使一些经济水产种类产量减少,给渔业资源和海洋经济带来损失.不同地域环境对海水淡化厂排放水的敏感程度不同,且潮流、海流和水团等水文因素以及海水淡化厂的日处理量和规模等因子决定了排放的高盐废水对海域生态影响的程度.为减少排放的高盐废水对出水口附近海域的影响,提出了海水淡化工程合理规划和布局的可行措施,要选择水体交换良好的海域作为海水淡化工程所在地,对排水口要进行因地制宜地设计,做好高盐废水的再利用工作,以最大限度地减少排放的高盐废水对海区环境的负面影响.建议对海水淡化厂附近海域进行有针对性的水质调查和监测,并做好环境风险影响的评价工作;制定及完善相关的法律法规,建立统一的高盐废水排放标准,而该标准则要以排放的高盐废水对当地海洋生态不造成较大的影响为依据,使海水淡化产业的发展有法可依.  相似文献   

Identifying Indicator Species in Habitats Created by Coastal Structures   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Chun-Han SHIH  Ying-Chou LEE  Wei-Tse CHANG  Ta-Jen CHU 《中国海洋工程》2010,24(1):117-134

In this paper,three approachs were developed to find indicator species from the habitat created by coastal structures.These approachs consist of a model of species co-occurrence probability,a model of k-environmental factor probability and a composite model.Simultaneously,a case study was conducted in Hsinchu Fishing Port of north-western Taiwan.Based on the aforementioned models,three primary producer species,Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis,Chondrus ocellatus and Sarcodia montagneana,were chosen as the indicator species which had the highest co-occurrence probabilities and showed greater tolerance to more critical environment.It is imperative to understand how the three species under particular co-occurring conditions and environmental factors influence the composition of sessile assemblages in coastal water.The results indicate that for the purpose of increasing biodiversity,these models are feasible to find indicator species of artificial structures,and to help make it possible to design coastal structures based on biological considerations.This study provides an innovative approach for further advanced application in the artificial habitat of coast management.  相似文献   

海洋渔业产量的灰色预测与分析     

周元建  关则良 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(1)

以１９８２至１９８６年我国海洋捕捞、海水养殖水产品产量的统计数据为基础，通过分别建立海捕和海养产量的ＧＭ（１、１）模型，对我国海洋渔业产量作出了近期预测。预计海洋捕捞产量１９９５年将达到７７５．１４万吨，２０００年达１１４３．７３万吨；海水养殖产量１９９５年将达３２２．１９万吨，２０００年达６７７．１７万吨。并通过对海洋渔业的现状、问题及预测结果的分析，提出了促进海洋渔业产量增长的措施和方法，为渔业生产部门制订投资决策和合理安排生产提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Aquatic weed growth and flow resistance: Influence on the relationship between discharge and stage over a 25 year river gauging station record     

Angela M. Gurnell  Peter Midgley 《水文研究》1994,8(1):63-73

In developing a method for establishing reliable flow estimates from monthly current metered discharge measurements and continuous stage records at a site subject to seasonal aquatic weed growth, a 25 year series of estimates of the resistance of the channel to flow was generated. Analysis of this data set produced estimated relationships between flow resistance, discharge and stage which support the models developed from shorter term research investigations. In addition, the annual cycle in flow resistance at the section studied was found to range from a minimum resistance in January to a maximum in August and September.  相似文献   

湖泊中磷的循环与沉积作用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

东野脉兴 《化工矿产地质》1996,18(4):258-262

地壳存在大量微溶性磷酸盐矿物，是湖泊中无限的磷源。中国云南省的滇池周围分布着大量早寒武世梅树村期磷块岩，其可溶性大于内生磷灰石，因此滇池湖水中磷的浓度提高，达０．０４～０．３８ｍｇ／Ｌ，是一般湖水中磷浓度的４～１０倍。藻类与细菌在滇池大量繁殖，摄取磷等营养物质，死亡后又被分解生成可溶性颗粒有机磷，磷质又返回湖水中，而那些分解后的水溶部分、不易分解的顽性组分或者不能为后来的生物所利用的组分，形成泥状沉积物或有机泥浆沉入湖底加入湖相沉积物。  相似文献   

水环境汞污染及其毒理反应系统的研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

王德铭 《水科学进展》1997,8(4):359-364

论述了水环境汞污染的来源,并着重讨论了汞的甲基化及其相反过程——脱甲基化作用。研究表明,一些细菌及真菌均可在无机汞污染的环境介质,如沉积物中使甲基汞降解或使无机汞甲基化,且使其间得到某种平衡。天然水的有效水质管理需要建立受各种环境影响的定量预测模型。我国的研究表明,不但家禽和人,而且鱼的甲基汞污染也主要通过食物链富集。并对甲基汞对鱼和人的毒理效应进行了论述。  相似文献   

An introduction to the application and future use of Th in aquatic systems     

James T. Waples  Claudia Benitez-Nelson  Nicolas Savoye  Michiel Rutgers van der Loeff  Mark Baskaran   rjan Gustafsson 《Marine Chemistry》2006,100(3-4):166

²³⁴Th is an extremely useful radiotracer of particle dynamics in aquatic systems. Its utility, however, has yet to be realized by many within the aquatic science community. The reasons for this may in part be due to a lack of knowledge of how this nuclide has been used in the past as well as how and where ²³⁴Th might be profitably applied in future research. The purpose of this paper, then, is to examine the variety of ²³⁴Th applications that have been used to understand natural aquatic processes in four major areas: vertical transport, particle cycling, horizontal transport, and sediment dynamics. We provide a general overview of the possible applications of ²³⁴Th in the hopes of provoking an increased interest in the inherent potential and future application of ²³⁴Th in these systems. We end this paper with a discussion of future research avenues in the context of three specific regimes: (i) the upper 1000 m of the open ocean, (ii) coastal sediment/water processes and (iii) large freshwater lakes.  相似文献   

福建围头海域深水网箱养殖区污损生物   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

黄桂芳  郑国富  魏观渊  丁兰  戴天元 《海洋学报》2007,29(1):98-104

2004年3月到2005年2月,在福建围头湾深水网箱养殖区开展污损生物周年挂网调查.共记录污损生物154种,隶属于12个生物门;全年网衣都有污损生物附着,冬季和春季优势种为细枝仙藻、中胚花筒螅和长颈麦杆虫,主要影响网箱内外水体交换,夏季和秋季优势种为网纹藤壶,容易导致网衣磨损,影响网箱安全;各月份附着生物量差异极大,平均附着生物量表层网片449.42 g/m2,最高峰出现在4月份,底层网片580.25 g/m2,最高峰出现在3月份.季度平均生物量表层网片3142.30 g/m2,底层网片6030.97 g/m2;春季表层网衣藻类特别多,中胚花筒螅、网纹藤壶和麦杆虫等数量远大于港湾内网衣或试板的污损生物量,呈现海区透明度大及抗动荡环境的特点,与港湾内网衣或试板有较大差别.  相似文献   

乌伦古湖水生植被研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

李文朝  杨清心 《海洋与湖沼》1993,24(1):100-108

于1987年7月和1989年7,8月对乌伦古湖水生植被及其生态环境作了调查。结果表明,水位回升扭转了水生植被的退缩趋势,新生滩地上次生植物群落的形成使得Ⅳ区以北的水生植被总面积由1985年的813ha增加到1989年的4365ha,总储量由7700t增加到41750t。芦苇占现有植被区面积的81％。和总储量的68％。现有水生植被正处在迅速演变之中,随着植被的发育,植被总面积将会减小到3500ha左右,但总储量将会逐年增加。植被现有生产力约58955t,对渔业和环境十分重要,应加强对其开发利用。  相似文献