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51.
塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩中黄铁矿的成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塔里木盆地下古生界(特别是奥陶系)碳酸盐岩地层中常见大量自生黄铁矿存在于碳酸盐岩、裂缝和溶蚀孔洞以及岩溶角砾和岩溶孔洞充填砂泥碎屑物质中。根据产状和硫同位素值,黄铁矿可分为两组,一组的δ34S值范围为-25.7‰～-4.7‰,平均为-17.6‰,为细菌硫酸盐还原作用(BSR)成因,发生在碳酸盐岩被抬升至地表接受岩溶改造的时期;另一组的δ34S值范围为+11.2‰～+31.3‰,平均为21.8‰,是受岩浆作用的影响,在热化学硫酸盐还原作用(TSR)下形成的。通过分析认为塔里木盆地下古生界地层天然气中较高含量的H2S主要是TSR作用的产物。 相似文献
52.
A comprehensive study of the data profiles, including the 2D seismic data, single channel seismic data, shallow sections,
etc., reveals that gas hydrates occur in the East China Sea. A series of special techniques are used in the processing of seismic
data, which include enhancing the accuracy of velocity analysis and resolution, estimating the wavelet, suppressing the multiple,
preserving the relative amplitude, using the DMO and AVO techniques and some special techniques in dealing with the wave impedance.
The existence of gas hydrates is reflected in the subbottom profiles in the appearance of BSRs, amplitude anomalies, velocity
anomalies and AVO anomalies, etc. Hence the gas hydrates can be identified and predicted. It is pointed out that the East China Sea is a favorable area of
the gas hydrates resource, and the Okinawa Trough is a target area of gas hydrates reservoir. 相似文献
53.
Cristián Rodrigo Antonio González-Fernández Emilio Vera 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2009,30(1):1-19
Multichannel seismic reflection data recorded between Arauco Gulf (37°S) and Valdivia (40°S), on the Chilean continental margin,
were processed and modeled to obtain seismic images and sub-surface models, in order to characterize the variability of the
bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), which is a geophysical marker for the presence of gas hydrates. The BSR is discontinuous
and interrupted by submarine valleys, canyons, as well as by faults or fractures. The BSR occurrence is more common south
of Mocha Island due to moderate slopes and greater organic matter contribution by rivers in that area. Tectonic uplift and
structural instability change the stability gas hydrate zone and consequently the BSR position, creating in some cases missing
or double BSRs. Our modeling supports the presence of gas hydrate above the BSR and free gas below it. Higher BSR amplitudes
support higher hydrate or free gas concentrations. In the study area, gas hydrate concentration is low (an average of 3.5%)
suggesting disseminated gas hydrate distribution within the sediments. Also higher BSR amplitudes are associated with thrust
faults in the accretionary prism, which serve as conduits for gas flow from deeper levels. This extra gas supply produces
a wider thickness of gas hydrates or free gas. 相似文献
54.
In the last decades gas hydrate occurrence along the Chilean continental margin has been well documented. In order to better define the seismic character of the hydrate-bearing sediments, we performed a detailed velocity analysis by using the pre-stack depth migration on part of multichannel reflection seismic line RC2901-734 located offshore Coyhaique. 相似文献
55.
东太平洋水合物海岭BSR以上沉积物粒度变化与气体水合物分布 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
文中对国际大洋钻探204航次在太平洋水合物海岭8 个站位BSR深度以上气体水合物稳定带的沉积物进行了粒度分析和对比研究。结果表明,该稳定带内沉积物总体粒径变化特征为:粉砂质量分数在60%~75%之间,为气体水合物稳定带内沉积组分的主体组分。粘土质量分数一般小于35%,砂质量分数小于5%。该结果获得的粒径变化范围,与204 航次中沉积学研究所确定的粘土质粉砂、粉砂质粘土夹含砂质粉砂、含砂质粘土岩性特征一致。各站位沉积粒径变化和代表气体水合物存在的岩心红外照相IR异常低温记录之间的初步对比说明,气体水合物主要富集在沉积组分较粗,相当于粉砂或者砂级质量分数较高的粒度层。统计学的相关性研究结果定量地揭示了各个站位沉积物粒径变粗与气体水合物的存在有不同的相关关系。归纳起来发现,不同构造部位沉积物中气体水合物赋存层段的粒径范围不同。坡后盆地由于当地总体沉积物颗粒细,气体水合物赋存在极细粉砂粒级(8~26μm)的沉积物中。水合物海岭南峰顶部附近站位气体水合物主要赋存在粗粉砂和细砂(50~148μm)之间。 相似文献
56.
中国近海天然气水合物的研究进展 总被引：40，自引：1，他引：40
南海、东海具有形成天然气水合物的良好动力学环境和丰富的烃类气体来源。根据卫星对海面增温异常的观测、底水气体地球化学、标志矿物和流体组成的研究表明 ,南海、东海海底存在强烈的烃流体活动和排气作用 ;南海南北陆坡区海底气体主要由CH4组成 ,前者多为微生物成因气 ,后者多为热解气 ;冲绳海槽热液沉积区的气体 ,主要为CO2 (86 % ) ,其次为CH4、H2 、H2 S(14 % ) ,分别来自岩浆流体及陆源有机质的降解 ,也属热解成因气。地震地球物理的研究主要集中于南海东北部、北部、南部陆坡区和冲绳海槽中南部 ,测线长度还很有限 ,虽然都有BSR标志的发现 ,但质量比较好 ,研究程度也比较高的还只有南海东北部主动陆缘和北部被动陆缘的一些海域。通过沉积物烃含量和热释光的研究 ,南海、东海共获得 6个地球化学异常区。在综合对比物化探、地热等项资料的基础上初步认为 :笔架南 (Ⅰ )、台西南—东沙 (Ⅱ )异常区是寻找水合物的最佳远景区 ;琼东南—西沙海槽(Ⅲ )、中建南—中业北 (Ⅳ )和冲绳海槽南部异常区是寻找水合物和常规油气藏的有利地区 ,但Ⅳ区更有利于寻找油气 ,其余 2区更有利于寻找水合物 ;南沙海域的研究程度总体上比较低 ,但在其中的南沙海槽 ,物化探异常标志均优 ,甲烷含量较其它地区高 2个数量级 相似文献
57.
天然气水合物研究中的AVA方法分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用多相介质弹性模量理论并补充了不同情况下的密度计算公式,选取适当的参数,模拟了含水合物沉积物和含游离气体沉积物的地震波速度和泊松比随孔隙度和饱和度的变化规律,并进行了深入分析。通过与完整公式的对比,对AVA常用的反射系数近似计算式的精度进行了讨论,同时分析了地震波速度、泊松比、密度等参数对于BSR反射系数的不同贡献。 相似文献
58.
根据冲绳海槽多道地震资料的处理解释,在16条地震剖面上发现了水合物拟海底反射层BSR,经过AVO、波形反演等特殊的处理技术,首次直接利用BSR圈定了冲绳海槽天然气水合物具体分布范围,直接利用数据得出了天然气水合物稳定带厚度在冲绳海槽的分布趋势,认为海槽南部最厚,中部次之,北部最薄,并通过计算得出了冲绳海槽水合物稳定带的厚度和水合物资源量,对今后海槽水合物勘查和资源量评价具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
59.
Uma?Shankar Babita?Sinha N.?K.?ThakurEmail author Ramesh?Khanna 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2005,26(1):29-35
Velocity analysis of multi-channel seismic (MCS) data and amplitude-versus-offset (AVO) modeling provides an efficient way
of identifying gas hydrate and free gas, and therefore the nature of the bottom-simulating reflector (BSR). Additionally,
AVO modeling also yields estimates of the hydrate concentration and free gas saturation across the BSR in terms of velocity
distribution. In the present study, we apply directivity correction in order to accentuate the AVO behavior. Modeling for
AVO pattern of the observed BSR over the Kerala–Konkan Offshore Basin may provide the probable velocity distribution across
the BSR and thereby infer whether hydrate or hydrate/free gas model governs the AVO observations. Initial results indicate
the possible presence of free gas underlying the gas hydrates-saturated sediments in this region. 相似文献
60.
Many gas seepages, temperature, pressure, salinity, anoxic environment and high source gas potential of the Black Sea indicates that the Black Sea might have huge potentials for biogenic and thermogenic gas hydrates. However, the last important parameter to consider gas hydrate as an energy source is the type of sediments. Coarse marine sands are considered as good hydrate reservoirs because of high porosity and high permeability. Only very limited data is available related to the types of lithology of the Black Sea sediments. Hence, in this study, the literature data (especially the drilling and coring data of DSDP Leg 42B program) about gas seepages, temperature gradient, pressure gradient, salinity, anoxic environment and high source gas potential, and the types of the sediments in the Black Sea were investigated and analyzed. Although gas seepages, temperature gradient, pressure gradient, salinity, anoxic environment and high source gas potential of the Black Sea are appropriate for producible gas hydrate reservoirs, the sediments of the Black Sea appear to be generally fine grained with high clay content. Sandy-silt and silty sand layers in turbidites of the Black Sea might be potential producible hydrate reservoirs but these sediments are fine. As well as turbidites, separate thin sand layers might be potential gas hydrate reservoirs as an energy source in the Black Sea. 相似文献