GPS三维基线向量向大地坐标差的直接转换     

赵长胜  李广杰 《测绘工程》1998,7(3):34-38

推导了ＧＰＳ三维基线向量向大地坐标差直接转换公式,编制出相应的转换程序。  相似文献   

Generation of probabilistic displacement response spectra for displacement-based design     

Jiong Guan  Hong Hao  Yong Lu   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(2):149-166

Displacement response spectrum (DRS), as the input, is of great significance to the displacement-based design just like the acceleration response spectrum to the traditional force-based design. Although the procedure of performance-based, in particular the displacement-based design has achieved considerable development, there is not a general DRS covering an enough long period range for common seismic design yet. This paper develops a systematic ground motion data processing procedure for the purpose of correcting the noise in the earthquake records and generating consistent DRS for seismic design. An adaptive algorithm is proposed to determine the cutoff frequency of the high-pass digital filter. The DRS of more than 500 recorded earthquake ground motions are generated and they are classified into three groups according to the ratio of the peak ground acceleration to the peak ground velocity (A/V) and/or the ratio of the peak ground velocity to the peak ground displacement (V/D). In each group, all the ground motions are normalized with respect to a selected scaling factor. Their corresponding DRS are obtained and then averaged to get the mean and standard deviation DRS, which can be used for both deterministic and probabilistic displacement-based design.  相似文献   

VLBI标准接口的发展     

殷妮  张秀忠 《天文学进展》2007,25(1):74-83

VLBI标准接口是近年来在VLBI技术中诞生的一个新概念,它旨在解决多年来各VLBI数据传输系统不兼容的问题．该文阐述了VLBI数据传输系统的发展历史,包括传统的记录／回放系统和新兴的网络数据传输两方面的内容;说明了VLBI标准接口的作用和意义;并分别介绍了VLBI标准接口规范3方面的内容:VLBI标准接口件规范(VSI-H)、VLBI标准接口软件规范(VSI-S)和VLBI标准接口网络规范(VSI-E)．  相似文献   

某区水库大坝近期形变特征研究     

刘代芹  布艾杰尔·库尔班  方伟  朱治国 《内陆地震》2008,22(1):55-65

通过利用GPS和水准测量手段对某区水库大坝表面运动进行监测,获取大量的野外监测数据。通过内业计算得出每期的大坝各变形点的三维坐标,并结合、利用近3期的数据资料对比,求出各点的形变量。最终通过计算、分析得出水库主坝、东副坝及北副坝3个坝体的稳定性。  相似文献   

雷达干涉PS网络的基线识别与解算方法   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

陈强  丁晓利  刘国祥  胡植庆  袁林果 《地球物理学报》2009,52(9):2229-2236

时序雷达干涉图中的永久散射体(PS)可看作“天然GPS点”, 以构成网络用于监测长期的地表形变. 本文提出采用邻接矩阵拓扑模型对基于Delaunay剖分算法生成的PS网络进行基线识别, 并采用时序相干最大化算法求解PS基线的线性形变速度增量和高程误差增量. 该数据模型和计算方法被应用于探测香港地区2006~2007年间的区域地表沉降. 实验研究采用由Envisat卫星ASAR传感器对该地区成像所获取的时序SAR影像作为数据源, 并联合该地区12个GPS连续运行参考站的观测数据予以大气修正和地面控制. 实验结果表明, 该模型和方法应用于地表形变测量是有效的和可靠的, PS网络方法探测地面沉降的精度约为±2.0 mm/a.  相似文献   

A note on the L’Aquila earthquake of 6 April 2009: Permanent ground displacements obtained from strong-motion accelerograms     

R. Rupakhety  R. Sigbjörnsson 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010

On 6 April 2009, 01:32 GMT, an M_w 6.3 earthquake hit the Abruzzi region of central Italy causing widespread damage in the City of L’Aquila and its nearby villages. The mainshock of this earthquake was recorded by 57 digital strong-motion instruments, four of which are located on the hanging wall of the Paganica Fault near L’Aquila. These stations are no more than 6 km from the epicentre. We use accelerometric data from these four stations to estimate permanent ground displacements caused by the mainshock. Our numerical results reveal south-east and downwards directed permanent co-seismic displacements which are in fair agreement with the outcomes of GPS and InSAR measurements reported in preliminary Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) reports.  相似文献   

Natural baseline quality of Madrid Tertiary Detrital Aquifer groundwater (Spain): a basis for aquifer management     

M.?Elvira Hernández-GarcíaEmail author  Emilio?Custodio 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(2):173-188

The Madrid Tertiary Detrital Aquifer is one of the largest and most important aquifers of Spain. This paper assesses the most relevant controls on the natural baseline quality and the dominant chemical processes within the aquifer. The hydrochemistry of the groundwater is variable despite the relative uniformity of the detrital sediments. The natural baseline is expressed as a range of values that are controlled by lithological and hydrological factors; spatial variations of groundwater chemistry are related to changes in rock type, water-rock interaction and the residence time of groundwater. The fundamental chemical processes within the Arkosic aquifer are hydrolysis of silicates, dissolution of carbonates, dissolution of evaporites (only in the vicinity of the transitional facies), ion exchange, neoformation of clays, precipitation of silica as cement, and precipitation of carbonates due to increasing temperature along the downward pathways. Some chemical and physico-chemical parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen, and hardness, and several elements like calcium, sodium, magnesium, silica, and arsenic show an evolutionary trend according to groundwater flow path. A gradual increase in arsenic concentration from recharge areas to discharge areas is observed; it is the main natural water constituent that deteriorates the quality of the fresh Madrid groundwater as a drinking water supply. The occasionally elevated arsenic concentrations originate from natural sources. The concentration and mobility of arsenic seems to be controlled by pH-dependent anion exchange processes resulting from the evolution to Na-HCO₃ water.  相似文献   

利用空间技术求解现时板块运动参数   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛悦  孙付平 《四川测绘》2005,28(1):3-6

本文综合利用GPS及VLBI技术，以站心坐标速度为观测量，求解了五个主要板块的绝对和相对板块运动参数，进行了精度分析。并与传统的NUIVEL-1 A地学板块运动模型进行了比较，在一定程度上说明全球板块运动在最近300万年内总体上趋于稳定。  相似文献   

Processing of strong-motion accelerograms: needs, options and consequences   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  

David M. Boore  Julian J. Bommer   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2005,25(2):93-115

Recordings from strong-motion accelerographs are of fundamental importance in earthquake engineering, forming the basis for all characterizations of ground shaking employed for seismic design. The recordings, particularly those from analog instruments, invariably contain noise that can mask and distort the ground-motion signal at both high and low frequencies. For any application of recorded accelerograms in engineering seismology or earthquake engineering, it is important to identify the presence of this noise in the digitized time-history and its influence on the parameters that are to be derived from the records. If the parameters of interest are affected by noise then appropriate processing needs to be applied to the records, although it must be accepted from the outset that it is generally not possible to recover the actual ground motion over a wide range of frequencies. There are many schemes available for processing strong-motion data and it is important to be aware of the merits and pitfalls associated with each option. Equally important is to appreciate the effects of the procedures on the records in order to avoid errors in the interpretation and use of the results. Options for processing strong-motion accelerograms are presented, discussed and evaluated from the perspective of engineering application.  相似文献   

Comparisons of homogeneously reprocessed GPS and VLBI long time-series of troposphere zenith delays and gradients     

Peter Steigenberger  Volker Tesmer  Manuela Krügel  Daniela Thaller  Ralf Schmid  Sibylle Vey  Markus Rothacher 《Journal of Geodesy》2007,81(6-8):503-514

Troposphere parameters estimated from space-geodetic techniques, like the Global Positioning System (GPS) or Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), can be used to monitor the atmospheric water vapor content. Although the troposphere can only be monitored at discrete locations, the distribution of the instruments, at least the GPS antennas, can be assumed to be quasi-global. Critical in the data analysis are systematic effects within each single technique that significantly degrade the accuracy and especially the long-term stability of the zenith delay determination. In this paper, consistent time-series of troposphere zenith delays and gradients from homogeneously reprocessed GPS and VLBI solutions are compared for a time period of 11 years. The homogeneity of these completely reprocessed time-series is essential to avoid misinterpretations due to individual model changes. Co-located sites are used to investigate systematic effects and the long-term behavior of the two space-geodetic techniques. Both techniques show common signals in the troposphere parameters at a very high level of precision. The biases between the troposphere zenith delays are at the level of a few millimeters. On the other hand, long-term trends significantly differ for the two techniques, preventing climatological interpretations at present. Tests assume these differences to be due to mathematical artifacts such as different sampling rates and unmodeled semi-annual signals with varying amplitudes.  相似文献