塔里木西部白垩系-古近系沉积成岩演化特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王琪  陈国俊  薛莲花  史基安 《新疆地质》2002,20(Z1):26-30

在塔里木盆地西部上白垩统-古近系中可识别出7种具典型成因意义的高频旋回层序,根据垂向上的有序叠加方式,可以建立起一个由5个Ⅳ级旋回层序、2个Ⅲ级旋回层序和一个Ⅱ级旋回层序组成的特征层序地层格架.它基本上控制着研究层位中不同沉积相和生储盖组合的时空展布特征.上白垩统在盆地西南缘形成了较厚的高水位体系域开阔台地相灰岩储层,但成岩特征受海水成岩环境控制,胶结作用强烈,致使储层呈低孔低渗特征.古近系在帕米尔山前主要为一套冲积平原-河流沉积体系产物,从中可划分出4种有利的沉积-成岩相带.由于该碎屑岩均处于早成岩阶段B期,成岩环境呈酸性,储集性能明显优于上白垩统灰岩储集层.  相似文献   

镇安西口地区二叠纪—三叠纪地层格架与地层模型          下载免费PDF全文

白斌  周立发  曹建科 《沉积与特提斯地质》2002,22(4):44-49

笔者运用现代沉积学和层序地层学理论，对陕西镇安西口地区二叠系-三叠系的主要不整合面和地质体的岩相岩石组合特征及空间展布规律进行调查，在此基础上并依据前人研究资料，将区内二叠系-三叠系划分为4个层序单位，进而对单位内的体系域系统进行了划分和研究，建立了该地区地层格架与地层模型。通过研究认为，4次大幅度海平面变化及区域构造沉降作用是形成4个Ⅱ型不整合面的根本原因。该地区自晚二叠世，在不同阶段的盆地演化过程中，皆继承了西浅东深的古地理格局，此项研究成果为在构造活动地带相对稳定地区进行地层格架与地层模型提供了范例。  相似文献   

Rainfall estimation using raingages and radar — A Bayesian approach: 2. An application     

D. -J. Seo  J. A. Smith 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1991,5(1):31-44

In Seo and Smith (this issue), a set of estimators was built in a Bayesian framework to estimate rainfall depth at an ungaged location using raingage measurements and radar rainfall data. The estimators are equivalent to lognormal co-kriging (simple co-kriging in the Gaussian domain) with uncertain mean and variance of gage rainfall. In this paper, the estimators are evaluated via cross-validation using hourly radar rainfall data and simulated hourly raingage data. Generation of raingage data is based on sample statistics of actual raingage measurements and radar rainfall data. The estimators are compared with lognormal co-kriging and nonparametric estimators. The Bayesian estimators are shown to provide some improvement over lognormal co-kriging under the criteria of mean error, root mean square error, and standardized mean square error. It is shown that, if the prior could be assessed more accurately, the margin of improvement in predicting estimation variance could be larger. In updating the uncertain mean and variance of gage rainfall, inclusion of radar rainfall data is seen to provide little improvement over using raingage data only.  相似文献   

抗差贝叶斯估计及应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨元喜 《测绘学报》1992,21(1):42-49

当未知参数具有先验期望和方差，且观测值与未知参数先验值均服从正态分布时，最小二乘贝叶斯估计将给出参数的最优解。然而当观测值和参数先验值的实际分布有悖于正态假设时，经典贝叶斯估计使估值偏高。本文基于常用的M估计原理，对三种类型的误差模式，导出了M－LS、LS－M和M－M三种抗差贝叶斯估计解式和影响函数；讨论了相应的计算方法；给出了参数验后方差表达式。  相似文献   

滇西墨江金厂金矿床时空四维结构模型   总被引：22，自引：1，他引：21  

蔡新平  徐若旺  张宝林  秦大军  梁光河  王杰 《矿床地质》1999,18(1):55-62

对墨江金厂金矿关键性地质问题研究结果表明,矿区金厂韧性剪切带（ＳＺｊｃ）、ＮＷＷ向褶皱构造和金矿超镁铁岩体侵位构造是不同成矿期的控矿构造,金矿床有三种成因类型,分别对应三期三种不同类型的成矿作用。  相似文献   

Quaternary Stratigraphic Division and Paleoenvironmental Evolution Observed from Core LZK1 on Hengsha Island, Shanghai     

KE Xue  XIE Jianlei  ZHANG Zongyan  ZOU Yarui  WANG Guoquan 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1167-1177

The Quaternary sediments in the Yangtze delta are loose and lack precise stratification marks in the lithology. Moreover, due to the limitations of dating methods, it is difficult for Quaternary cores to deliver accurate age constraints. Thus, it is a challenge to establish the Quaternary stratigraphic framework. Gravity core LZK1 was drilled on Hengsha Island, Shanghai, in the Yangtze delta, in 2012. The core was terminated at 403.83 m below the local land surface, the uppermost 291.2 m comprising a thick sequence of Quaternary sediments. This study investigated the stratigraphic subdivision and paleoenvironmental change of the Quaternary sediments. From bottom to top, the Quaternary stratigraphic sequence can be subdivided into the lower Pleistocene Anting Formation, Middle Pleistocene Jiading Formation, Upper Pleistocene Chuansha Formation and Nanhui Formation, Holocene Loutang Formation, Shanghai Formation, and Rudong Formation. According to this study, the Hengsha Island area was dominated by a freshwater lacustrine environment during the early Pleistocene, an alternation of shallow lake and shore lake environment during the Middle Pleistocene, a delta plain to lagoonal environment during the early Upper Pleistocene, a fluvial channel to floodplain environment from the LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) to the end of the Upper Pleistocene, and a delta environment during the Holocene.  相似文献   

Probabilistic stability evaluation for wildlife-damaged earth dams: a Bayesian approach     

S. M. Dassanayake 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2020,14(1):41-55

ABSTRACT

There is a growing body of evidence confirming the detrimental effects of invasive wildlife activities on the performance and – ultimately – the safety of earth dams and levee systems. Modelling cavities and burrows dug by animals in earth structures is rather cumbersome due to their geometrical complexity and randomness. This study proposes the use of the probabilistic approach to estimate the risk associated with the presence of wildlife chambers in an arbitrary dam section. Two dimensional limit equilibrium slope stability analyses were conducted for a homogeneous silty sand dam. The animal chambers were modelled as idealised highly permeable circles with a near-zero strength. Uncertainty in the dam material was introduced using the Monte-Carlo technique to randomise the input parameters. The conditional probability of failure, P(F|C), was spatially evaluated by manual perturbations of chamber locations within the dam section. Using the Bayesian approach, the section was accordingly mapped into three stability zones: “safe”, “marginally safe” and “likely to fail” based on P(F|C) values associated with the chamber location. For this very complex problem, the probabilistic handling seems to provide a mathematically normalised basis for risk assessment in lieu of the classical belief-based single-value factor of safety (FoS).  相似文献   

Probabilistic prediction of intact rock strength using point load tests using a Bayesian formulation     

F. Guevara-Lopez  R. Jimenez  P. Gardoni 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2020,14(3):206-215

  相似文献   

“全球环境变化与食物系统 (GECAFS)”科学框架与实施战略(英文)     

JonhINGRAM  张雪芹 《地学前缘》2002,9(1):48-54

文章从以下 6个方面概要介绍了IGBP、IHDP与WCRP的一项新的联合计划———“全球环境变化与食物系统 (GECAFS)”的科学框架与实施战略 :(1)背景 ;(2 )GECAFS的概念框架 ;(3)GECAFS的科学主题 ;(4 )GECAFS的研究类型与“示范性项目” ;(5 )科学新领域 ;(6 )GECAFS计划与其它组织的资助关系及战略伙伴关系。  相似文献   

西安城市地域空间结构发展框架和发展机制   总被引：21，自引：5，他引：16  

段汉明  张刚 《地理研究》2002,21(5):627-634

通过分析西安城市发展在地域空间上的不利因素 ,提出新西安“一核三副”城市发展的主体框架 ,为城市发展提供新的地域空间 ,形成布局合理、发展有序、有效保护文物遗址、注重生态建设的簇状城市结构 ,并从城市之间、关中城市群带、中国中西部北方地区等多个层面探讨西安城市发展机制 ,提出以旅游商贸、科研文教、高新技术产业为主导 ,以城市运行机制、运行方式、运行环境的国际化为基准 ,促进城市综合职能的国际化 ,实现跨越式发展的目标  相似文献