反常折射引起的地面天文观测残差的周年变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高布锡 《天文学报》1994,35(1):93-97

我国光学天文观测有相当长历史，观测精度也较高，但是与国际系统相比。无论是测时还是测纬，所有仪器残差都有类似的周年变化，本文作者认为部分原因是由于我国季节变化引起的大气等密度层倾斜，从而产生的反常折射所引起的，文中对反常折射的规律进行了研究，导出了由于气象参数变化而引起的反常折射公式，并与测时，测纬的残差周年项进行了对比，结果表明用反常折射可以部分地解释我国天文观测残差的周年变化。  相似文献   

A theory of pressure sensor performance in snow     

Jerome B. Johnson 《水文研究》2004,18(1):53-64

A theory of pressure sensor response in snow is derived and used to examine the sources of measurement errors in snow water equivalent (SWE) pressure sensors. Measurement errors in SWE are caused by differences in the compressibility of the pressure sensor and the adjacent snow layer, which produces a shear stress along the perimeter of the sensor. When the temperature at the base of the snow cover equals 0 °C, differences in the snowmelt rate between the snow–SWE sensor interface and the adjacent snow–soil interface may also produce a shear stress along the sensor's perimeter. This shear stress perturbs the pressure field over the sensor, producing SWE measurement errors. Snow creep acts to reduce shear stresses along the SWE sensor's perimeter at a rate that is inversely proportional to the snow viscosity. For sustained periods of differential snowmelt, a difference in the mass of snow over the sensor compared with the surrounding soil will develop, producing additional permanent errors in SWE measurements. The theory indicates that SWE pressure sensor performance can be improved by designing a sensor with a high Young's modulus (low compressibility), low aspect ratio, large diameter and thermal properties that match those of the surrounding soil. Simulations of SWE pressure sensor errors using the theory are in close agreement with observed errors and may provide a means to correct historical SWE measurements for use in hydrological hindcast or climate studies. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

地壳形变的普适表达与对地倾斜的再认识     

刘序俨 《大地测量与地球动力学》1996,(3)

给出了地壳形变的普适表达式。对地面倾科的内在实质进行了分析，指出它具有剪应变的性质  相似文献   

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陈志遥  李树德 《大地测量与地球动力学》2008,28(3):112-117

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The effect of bedform dynamics on computing suspended sediment fluxes using optical backscatter sensors and current meters     

Martin J. Austin  Gerhard Masselink 《Coastal Engineering》2008

The sensitivity of the suspended sediment flux is tested with respect to rapid changes in bed-level across the surf zone of a sandy beach. The suspended flux was computed using a fixed instrument array, but bed-level changes due to ripple migration caused the instrument elevations to be significantly changed during the course of the experiment. The nominal elevations of the instruments were adjusted during data processing (using the MOBS array) to maintain a fixed elevation with respect to bed-level changes. The resultant suspended sediment concentrations and fluxes were significantly different from the unadjusted data, and for the present data set O(35%) less when averaged over the tide. The maximum difference between adjusted and unadjusted fluxes may be O(260%). The results indicate that changes in bed-level, particularly those due to bedform migration, must be accounted for when processing OBS data if reliable estimates of suspended sediment transport are to be obtained in the field.  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of deep-hole resistivity anomaly caused by drilling construction in Xinfengjiang geoelectric station     

Xing Yan  Zhihui Deng  Jiping Liu  Shishan Ye  Zhiqun Chen  Tianren Zhong 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(3):100139

The Xinfengjiang reservoir in Guangdong Province, is one of the large reservoirs that have triggered earthquakes of magnitude greater than 6. Numerous earthquakes have occurred since the impoundment of the reservoir, making it one of the most active seismic zones in south China. In 2015, a set of deep-hole resistivity anomalies was observed in the Heping geoelectric station in Dongyuan county, located near the Xinfengjiang reservoir. After a field investigation, we found that a planned well drilling construction of new measuring channels was being carried out during that corresponding period of time. After careful comparison and analysis on the basis of the collected raw data, we had a reason to believe that drilling construction, rather than the inducement of the Xinfengjiang reservoir, was the main culprit for those unusual georesistivity values. So as to verify the above conjecture, we constructed a series of 3D finite element models based on the geological and hydrological information around Heping station and analyzed the drilling disturbances, respectively. Some significant conclusions were finally drawn according to the precise numerical simulation. This study gives a good example by combining numerical simulation with engineering practice as a way to understand the root cause of georesistivity anomalies in reality.  相似文献   

利用磁异常模量进行磁性体边界检测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张双喜 《地质与勘探》2015,51(6):1025-1032

地下磁性体具有较强的剩磁或退磁会给磁异常的解释带来困难。由于磁异常模量对磁化方向不敏感,将磁异常转换为磁异常模量并用来分析和处理,可很大程度上提高磁异常解释的准确性和可靠性。本文介绍了五种磁异常模量,并且利用改进的Tilt梯度方法对各磁异常模量数据做边界检测,确定地下磁性体的水平位置。理论模型试验表明,在存在强剩磁的情况下,不同模量数据对磁性体的反应程度也不一样,运用改进的Tilt梯度方法对磁异常模量进行处理可不同程度地加强对异常体的识别,其中模量E最为准确,可较清晰地识别磁性体边界。笔者还将该方法运用到坦桑尼亚基戈马地区的航磁异常处理,并推测了该地区的构造带及磁性体边界,为深入了解基戈马成矿区带的地质和成矿背景及可能矿床分布提供了重要信息。  相似文献   

声学井下电视在刚果（金）KOLWEZI铜矿矿区中的应用     

方良平 《地下水》2015,(2)

声学井下电视具有不受钻井液限制、图像分辨率高、方位确定准确的特点,特别适合于确定岩石的走向、倾向、倾角、裂隙和破碎软弱发育情况,从而可以更好的统计出岩体的优势结构面,为矿区工程地质边坡稳定性评价提供重要依据。通过介绍声学井下电视的设备及操作过程,软件处理和对 KOLWEZI矿区 GK10号钻孔岩体的井下电视结果进行分析,总结井下电视数据处理方法和实验结果与评价矿区边坡稳定性的重要关系。  相似文献   

分布式传感器网络系统的网络预测控制     

丁淑芬  刘凯  杨荣妮 《南京气象学院学报》2020,12(3):353-359

本文针对分布式传感器网络系统的Fornasini-Marchesini （FM）状态空间模型,对系统的预测控制器设计问题进行研究.特别是针对所考虑的二维FM传感器网络系统,提出了一种新的网络预测控制方案来补偿通信时滞.首先,根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,给出了二维系统保持稳定的充分条件;然后利用稳定性条件,提出了一种新的预测控制器设计策略并保证系统的控制性能;最后,通过一个数值实例验证了所设计控制器的有效性.  相似文献   

力觉临场感遥操作机器人(1):技术发展与现状     

宋爱国 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(1):1-19

人机交互式机器人作为最具实用价值的特种机器人已成为当前机器人学研究的前沿和热点.临场感(Telepresence)技术是人机交互的核心.首先,回顾了力觉临场感遥操作机器人技术的产生、发展和现状,介绍了力觉临场感遥操作机器人在核领域、空间探测领域与远程医疗领域的应用情况;其次,对力觉临场感遥操作机器人的4大关键技术:传感技术、力反馈与触觉再现技术、大时延控制技术和虚拟预测环境建模技术等进行了综述;还介绍了东南大学仪器科学与工程学院机器人传感与控制研究所近20年来开展临场感遥操作机器人技术研究,以及在核探测、康复医疗领域应用的情况.通过回顾与分析,指出了力觉临场感遥操作机器人技术今后需要研究的几个重点问题.  相似文献