江汉盆地典型二级构造带特征分析     

卢圣力  赵江  王秋良 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(3):226-230

在三维地震资料的基础上,依据构造带划分原则,把江汉盆地构造带划分为三大类,分别为断裂、盐构造及古潜山,共25个,并分别在3个类别中选取一个典型构造带进行讨论研究。  相似文献   

埋深对恐龙化石的影响效果研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈诚  贾超  张尚坤  杜圣贤  罗文强  田京祥 《山东国土资源》2019,35(5)

已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。  相似文献   

Use of alternative conceptual models to assess the impact of a buried valley on groundwater vulnerability   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Dorte Seifert  Torben O. Sonnenborg  Peter Scharling  Klaus Hinsby 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):659-674

A buried valley incised into a sequence of pre-Quaternary sediments is shown to seriously affect the vulnerability of groundwater. Often the existence of buried valleys is not known or is not described explicitly in a hydrogeological model. In the present study, two numerical groundwater models, representing two alternative conceptual models, were produced to help quantify the effect of the valley on groundwater vulnerability. One model included the buried valley and the other did not. Both models were subjected to calibration and were found to describe hydraulic head and river discharge equally well. Even though the two models showed similar calibration statistics; fluxes, travel paths and travel times were affected by the inclusion of the buried valley. The recharge area and the groundwater age of potential abstraction wells placed in the pre-Quaternary deep aquifers surrounding the buried valley were different for the two models, with significantly higher vulnerability when the valley was included in the model. Based on the results of the present study, it is concluded that a buried valley may not always be detectable when calibrating a wrong conceptual model. If reliable results should be obtained a good geological model has to be constructed.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷孤西负反转断层形成演化定量研究及其油气地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷超  任建业  吴梅莲  祁鹏  胡德胜 《大地构造与成矿学》2008,32(4)

以高精度三维地震资料和钻井资料为基础,对研究区断裂构造进行精细解释,确定孤西断层为"薄底型"的、且表现为北段缓而南段陡、并向西倾的负反转构造;通过回剥技术和平衡剖面等定量分析技术对垂直穿越孤西断层的典型地震剖面研究揭示,孤西断层在J3-K1时期断层性质发生改变,由逆断层反转变为正断层,且在印支、J3-K1和Ek-Es4时期剖面拉伸率分别为-4%,17.2%和18.5%;沿孤西断层走向方向不同位置计算其断层活动速率表明该断层整体经历了负反转运动。以上述分析为基础,论文从烃源岩、圈闭、储集岩和油气运移角度,探讨了孤西负反转断层在孤岛潜山油气成藏方面的重要意义。  相似文献   

用接收函数方法研究中国及邻区上地幔间断面的埋藏深度   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

杨毅  周蕙兰 《地球物理学报》2001,44(6):783-792

使用中国及邻区的18个数字化地震台的宽频带三分向远震记录图,筛选计算得到了263条径向接收函数,并拾取了在41Okm和660km间断面上的透射转换震相P4S、P660S与P波的到时差.通过调整各台站之下的速度模型中这两个间断面的深度,使理论接收函数的P4S、P660S与P波的到时差与观测值相符,最终确定这两个间断面的实际埋藏深度.结果表明,各台站之下4km间断面的平均深度为403km,具有明显的横向不均匀性和区域性,其中北京台、西安台、兰州台和恩施台等的埋藏深度较浅,琼中台、CHTO等台较深.660km间断面的平均埋藏深度为663km,也存在明显的横向不均匀性,其中牡丹江台和MAJO台的较深,琼中台和HYB台的较浅.  相似文献   

On terrain corrections in terrestrial heat flow     

Tien-Chang Lee 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,135(1):1-13

The theory of heat-flow variation over a Lees-type hill is well known for evaluating terrain effects on terrestrial heat flow. However, a hill cannot be converted into a valley by simply changing the sign of one of the terrain-defining parameters, nor can several Lees' hills be superposed to simulate a series of hills and valleys for correcting a terrain-induced disturbance of heat flow. The proper derivations for a Lees-type valley are presented and the superposition is compared with analytic solutions for two parallel semi-cylindrical valleys and two semi-spherical basins embedded in an otherwise planar ground. Generally, heat flux climaxes over central valleys or basins, and dips toward their margins where rapid change in topography occurs. Variation of heat flux induced by a three-dimensional terrain is relatively large, as compared to two-dimensional features, but its areal extent is relatively limited. The two-dimensional effects also extend relatively deeper. In applying two-dimensional algorithms to a three-dimensional terrain, the correction may be over- or underestimated depending on the distance from a borehole to prominent terrain features in the surrounding area.  相似文献   

逆冲推覆带储层波阻抗反演方法研究     

陈祥忠  姚军 《世界地质》2016,35(2):503-509

由于在逆冲推覆带上主要发育逆冲断层,其上下盘层位重叠严重、由根部至顶部倾角变化大,影响储层建模的精度。针对这一问题,笔者以三维地震资料为基础,结合钻井资料,利用波阻抗反演技术实现逆冲推覆带的储层预测与评价。波阻抗反演的关键步骤是初始波阻抗模型的建立。通过上下盘分开、将断层转换为层位并与地层层位相融合的建模方法,有效提高了逆冲推覆带初始波阻抗模型的精度;采用上、下盘分开反演方案进行波阻抗反演;利用体融合的方法完成波阻抗反演。经已钻井验证,运用该方法进行的波阻抗反演准确度较高,为逆冲推覆带储层预测和目标评价奠定基础。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部一元古宙潜山气藏地震解析、地层特征与时代研究          下载免费PDF全文

韩强  李宗杰  王超  杨子川  闫亮  孟庆龙  李弘艳  赵渊 《中国地质》2016,(2):486-499

文章利用钻井岩心、岩石薄片、测井、地震资料对塔里木盆地沙雅隆起北部三道桥气田潜山的地层格架、岩石岩相特征进行分析,并通过钻井岩心样品的锆石U-Pb年代学和野外地质露头地层对比研究,对这套潜山地层的时代进行了限定。研究结果表明三道桥潜山是一套厚度在700~800 m,浅变质的海相碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩沉积,3个碎屑锆石样品的最小谐和年龄为(1522±16)Ma,表明其沉积或成岩时代应不早于中元古代。该潜山是迄今为止塔里木盆地内获得工业油气的最古老的潜山。  相似文献   

琼州海峡发现海底火山锥   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李凡  宋怀龙  亣正宇 《海洋科学》1991,15(3):68-69

琼州海峡位于雷州半岛和海南岛之间,其规模仅次于渤海海峡和台湾海峡,为我国第三大海峡。平均宽度约30km,最窄处仅19.5km,东西长约80km。海底普遍发育陡坎、深穴,地形非常复杂。特别是在海底地形图上,常见有一些略呈卵形的孤丘,引人注目。这种孤丘地貌,有的学者曾经怀疑是海底火山锥,甚至在  相似文献   

Forces on partly buried, tandem twin cylinders in waves at low Keulegan-Carpenter numbers     

S. Cokgor  I. Avci 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(12):1453-1466

This study deals with the forces on the circular cylinder, laid on, or partly buried in the bed with a parallel twin dummy cylinder nearby and without it. They were determined by measuring the pressure distribution on the cylinder in the case of wave at low KC numbers. The forces on the cylinder were calculated by the integration of the measured pressures determined by pressure transducers on the surface of the cylinder. Force coefficients were obtained for the low KC numbers (KC<5), for the burial-depth-to-the diameter ratio = 0-0.7. The distance between axis of the measurement and dummy cylinders to diameter ratio (x/D) was 2, 1.5 and 1. The dummy cylinder was replaced downstream and upstream of the measurement cylinder.  相似文献