Self-affine growth pattern of earthquake rupture zones     

Hiroyuki Nagahama 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1994,142(2):263-271

Data from 41 moderate and large earthquakes have been used to derive a scaling law for fault parameters. Fault lengthL, widthW and areaS are empirically related byLS andWS where 0.6<<0.7, 0.3<<0.4 and +=1. These relations indicate that the growth pattern of earthquake rupture zones is statistically self-affine. It is also found that these relations are similar to the relation derived from a diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) model with anisotropic sticking probability. This suggests that a modified DLA model could describe the evolution of earthquake rupture zones.  相似文献   

四川省乡镇矿业管理法规的特色和几个问题的探讨     

何继强 《四川地质学报》1994,(3)

１９９４年四川省八届人大常委会第九次会议通过的《四川省乡镇集体矿山企业和个体采矿管理条例》,体现了社会主义市场经济的基本原则．明确了省、市（地、州）、县三级地矿行政主管部门的法律地位和职能、职责,强化和完善了采矿权管理制度和矿产资源开发及矿产品运销的监督管理制度,这标志着四川省乡镇矿业管理的法规体系逐渐趋于完备,为乡镇矿业管理创造了良好的行政执法条件。同时给各级地矿部门提出了新的要求,在实施这一条例中,需要引起注意的若干问题,本文也作了探讨。  相似文献   

高分辨率遥感技术在地质灾害调查与成灾规律分析中的应用——以攀西米易地区为例     

唐尧  马松  王立娟  朱云波 《中国地质调查》2022,9(3):96-103

攀西地区山高谷深,地形切割强烈,历来是地质灾害的重灾区和易发区。为摸清地质灾害家底,查明地质灾害分布与发育规律,排查出可能存在的地质灾害隐患,支撑灾害现场核查与工程防治,利用高分辨率遥感技术(简称高分遥感技术)对四川攀西米易地区开展地质灾害遥感调查与现场验证,共确定有明显威胁对象的地质灾害隐患点106处,主要以崩塌、滑坡为主,其次为泥石流。结合调查结果,开展隐患点成灾规律分析,结果表明: 地质灾害主要发育于安宁河及其支流沿岸一线,沿省道S214线及米普路、麻楠路、二滩库区环湖路段呈带状分布,主要分布于断层两侧500 m范围内,达到51处,占遥感调查隐患点总数的35.8%; 2019年5—9月共发生地质灾害104处,占全年发生地质灾害总数的98.11%; 区域西北部和中北部地质灾害发育程度相对较低。应用结果表明,利用高分遥感技术能够有效查明地质灾害隐患分布与成灾规律,对服务基层防灾减灾工作,减轻灾害损失,提升地质灾害科技水平和防灾能力具有重要意义。  相似文献   

合肥断陷盆地北缘古近、新近系定远组含膏、含盐岩沉积特征,分布规律   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙亚力  程光文  李凤强  朱琨 《安徽地质》2007,17(2):101-104

合肥断陷盆地北缘古近、新近系含膏,含岩盐系可分为三个阶段:即早期为成膏,成盐准备阶段;中期为成膏,成盐强烈阶段;晚期为成膏,成盐消亡阶段.其韵律组成:定远东兴盐矿为两个或两个以上的韵律组成的韵律,即石膏-钙芒硝-盐岩-石膏,未达到钾盐沉积阶段.外围以硫酸盐为主的韵素组成的韵律,即石膏-钙芒硝-石膏韵素组成的韵律,未达到岩盐沉积阶段.水平分带呈"类似牛眼式构造".近东西构造控制着含盐盆地的演化、发展.  相似文献   

顾及GNSS坐标时间序列中季节信号的CEEMD降噪方法     

梁沛  杨志强  杨兵  田镇  陈祥 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(10):1010-1014

针对互补集合经验模态分解（complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition,CEEMD）在GNSS坐标时间序列降噪过程中需要选取筛选准则的问题,提出一种顾及GNSS坐标时间序列中季节信号的CEEMD降噪方法。首先利用CEEMD方法对GNSS坐标时间序列进行分解,然后计算各本征模态函数（intrinsic mode function,IMF）的平均周期,将平均周期低于120 d的IMF分量作为噪声分量扣除,并重构剩余分量为信号分量。利用该方法对中国大陆227个GNSS垂向坐标时间序列进行降噪,并与以连续均方误差和相关系数为筛选准则的CEEMD降噪方法的结果进行对比。结果表明,本文方法未出现过度降噪,而其他2种方法均导致部分测站的季节信号被扣除;在未过度降噪站点,本文方法GNSS坐标时间序列的RMS、幂律噪声和速度不确定度的平均改正率分别为19.13%、88.29%和86.46%,优于其他2种方法。  相似文献   

First Principles Calibration of 40Ar Abundances in 40Ar/39Ar Mineral Neutron Fluence Monitors: Methodology and Preliminary Results     

Leah E. Morgan  Brett Davidheiser-Kroll  Klaudia F. Kuiper  Darren F. Mark  Noah M. McLean  Jan R. Wijbrans 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(1):91-104

The accuracy and traceability of geochronometers are of vital importance to questions asked by many Earth scientists. The widely applied ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronometer relies on the co-irradiation of samples with neutron fluence monitors (reference materials) of known ages; the ages and uncertainties of these monitors are critical to our ability to apply this chronometer. Previously, first principles, astronomical and optimisation calibrations have been made. The first principles method for determining the age of monitor minerals is the K-Ar method, which involves measurement of their ⁴⁰K and ⁴⁰Ar* abundances. The AQuA (Absolute Quantities of Argon) pipette system, which emits calibrated quantities of ⁴⁰Ar* via the ideal gas law, was used to calibrate the sensitivity of the system across a range of source pressures and estimate ⁴⁰Ar* abundances in neutron fluence monitors. These ⁴⁰Ar abundances were combined with existing ⁴⁰K abundance data for these monitors. Ages for HD-B1 and MD2 (GA1550) biotite fluence monitors were calculated and combined with intercalibration data for HD-B1 and Fish Canyon sanidine (FCs) to determine ages for FCs. Current results do not have the targeted accuracy when compared with previous calibrations; however, we show how the extensive methodology development presented here can be used towards making reliable future measurements.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal deposition profile of an experimentally produced turbidity current with a continuous suspension supply     

Shun Nomura  Giovanni De Cesare  Mikito Furuichi  Yasushi Takeda  Hide Sakaguchi 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(3):299-306

A turbidity current is a turbulent, particle-laden gravity current that is driven by density differences resulting from the presence of suspended sediment particles. The current travels downslope, bearing a large amount of sediment over a great distance, and forms fluvial and submarine bedforms. Knowledge of the spatio-temporal deposition profile of turbidity-deposited sediment is important for a better understanding of sediment transport by turbidity currents. In the current study, the depositi...  相似文献   

Theory of delayed response in river morphodynamics: Applicability and limitations     

Chenge An  Xudong Fu 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(2):162-172

The delayed response of fluvial rivers to external disturbances has been described by many researchers.To simulate such behavior,the rate law model(or the delayed response model) was developed by previous researchers,and has been applied to a series of river morphological problems.However,to date,the applicability of the rate law model has not been fully understood.In the current paper,a physicallybased analysis of the rate law model is presented to assess the responses of bed elevation and the ...  相似文献   

Gorkha earthquake (MW7.8) and aftershock sequence: A fractal approach          下载免费PDF全文

Ram Krishna Tiwari  Harihar Paudyal 《地震科学（英文版）》2022,35(3):193-204

On April 25, 2015, Nepal was struck by the M_W7.8 Gorkha earthquake followed by an intense aftershock sequence. It was one of the most destructive earthquakes in the Himalayan arc, causing more than 8900 fatalities. In this study, we analyzed the dataset (429 events, magnitude of completeness (M_c) ≥ 4.2 local magnitude) of the first 45 days after the Gorkha earthquake to estimate the seismicity parameters b-value, D-value, and p-value. We used the maximum likelihood method to estimate the b-value and Omori-Utsu parameters, whereas the correlation integral method was applied to estimate the fractal dimension (D-value). The analysis was carried out using running and sliding window techniques. The lowest b-value (0.57 ± 0.04) and the highest D-value (1.65 ± 0.02) were computed at the time of the Gorkha earthquake, after which the b-value significantly increased to a maximum of 1.57. It again dropped to 0.93 at the time of the major aftershock on May 12, 2015. The D-value showed an initial quick drop and then decreased in a wavy pattern until the end of the study period, indicating the clustering and scattering of earthquakes in a fault region. The b-value contour map identified the eastern part of the study area as a high stress region (b = ～0.8), implying that the stress shifted to that region. The D-value contour map reveals that the seismogenic structure shifted from linear to planar in the region. The rate of aftershock decay (p = 0.86 ± 0.04) for a short period reflects that the level of stress decreased rapidly. This study helps to understand the level of stress and seismicity pattern of a region, which could be useful for aftershock studies.  相似文献   

西秦岭寨上金矿综合地球物理研究     

刘诚  李含  孙彪  叶高峰  郝子琼  薛东旭  邓安东 《地质论评》2022,68(1):2022010007-2022010007

寨上金矿是中国西秦岭构造带内一个重要的超大规模卡林—类卡林型金矿床。以往对该金矿床的研究主要集中在矿床学、年代学和成矿特征等方面,缺乏地球物理工作的系统梳理。本文以贯穿研究区的可控源音频大地电磁测深及激电工作为主体研究寨上金矿的深部结构,结合地质资料建立了矿区典型地质—地球物理解释模型,探讨成矿机制,总结寨上金矿赋矿标志,推测可能的矿体赋存位置和深度范围。研究表明,寨上金矿总体位于扎麻树—卓洛背斜,以区内深大断裂为界,分为成矿条件、深部电性结构均有所差异的南、北矿带两部分,矿化主要赋存于构造薄弱地带,区域地球物理证据表明近地表未出现大规模的岩浆侵入,其成矿物质来源主要与区域性深大断裂相关。  相似文献