使用纵波和横波走时层析成像研究菲律宾海板块西边缘带和南海地区的深部结构   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

瞿辰  周蕙兰  赵大鹏 《地球物理学报》2007,50(6):1757-1768

使用纵波震相及同台同源纵波和横波震相的走时资料及层析成像反演方法,分别给出了菲律宾海板块(PHP)和南海地区的纵波速度V_pf及同台同源的纵波和横波速度V_p和V_s结构. 结果表明,（1） PHP与欧亚板块(EUAP)的俯冲接触关系随地段而异,在琉球海沟,PHP向EUAP之下俯冲深达400 km;在台湾岛,EUAP先近陡直地俯冲到深度400 km,然后折向PHP之下达到660 km左右;在马尼拉海沟北段,俯冲板片几乎垂直达到660 km附近;在菲律宾海沟,PHP向EUAP之下的俯冲深度超过660 km．（2）南海地区之下是一个深达300～400 km的宽阔低速区,并且大致在莺琼海盆与700 km深处另一低速区曲折相通;在该宽阔低速区内部,有两个小而明显的低速区分别在海口火山和珠江口盆地下方．（3）对V_p和V_s及据其算出的容声速度V_b作分析发现,V_s和V_b的平均扰动量对深度的变化在一些深度范围内是反向的;年龄较大的太平洋板块俯冲体的V_s相对扰动量的平均值大于V_b的,而在较年轻的PHP俯冲体中则正好相反．  相似文献   

Mesoproterozoic Earthquake Events and Breakup of the Sino-Korean Plate   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

QIAO Xiufu GAO Linzhi PENG Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(3):385-397

In the Mesoproterozoic time, the northern part of the Sino-Korean Plate experienced a period of intensive tectonic extension and breakup. 1. An abundance of sedimentary earthquake records is preserved in the Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Gaoyuzhuang formations in the Mesoproterozoic Changcheng System （1800-1400 Ma） and in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation of the Jixian System （1400-1000 Ma）. These earthquake records are characterized by various liquefied sand-veins, carbonate microspar and coarser spar veins, limestone dikes, liquefied breccia and various forms of liquefied contorted bedding. This deformation is always associated with synsedimentary faults and igneous activity. 2. Three liquefaction models for soft carbonate sediments are recognized, including liquefaction in laminated carbonate rocks, liquefaction in thin-bedded carbonates and large-scale liquefaction along huge carbonate dikes. 3. Based on the record of earthquake and volcanic activities, the Sino-Korean Plate experienced at least twice intraplate breakups. One occurred between 1800-1400 Ma, and the other occurred at about 1200 Ma. The last breakup resulted in formation of the Yan-Liao aulacogen, a tectonic zone characterized by deeper material vibrancy, active faults, major igneous activity and frequent earthquakes.  相似文献   

Caribbean hydrological variability during the Holocene as reconstructed from crater lakes on the island of Grenada     

Sherilyn C. Fritz  Svante Björck  Catherine A. Rigsby  Paul A. Baker  Amy Calder‐Church  Daniel J. Conley 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(8):829-838

Contemporary precipitation patterns in the Caribbean region are spatially variable, and the small number of Holocene paleoclimatic records may not adequately capture patterns of variation in the past. The hydrological history of Grenada was inferred from paleolimnological analyses of sediment cores from two crater lakes on the island. The basins were formed by volcanic activity some time during the Last Termination, but were dry between ca. 13 000 and ca. 7200 cal. a BP. After filling, the lakes were initially very shallow, and sedimentation was interrupted by a hiatus ca. 6300–5500 cal. a BP, followed by deposition of a thick tephra in both sites. After 5500 cal. a BP, lake level shows considerable multi‐centennial variability, superimposed upon a long‐term trend of generally higher lake level after 3200 cal. a BP. The pattern of lake‐level variation in Grenada shows some similarity with other Caribbean paleoclimatic records in terms of the timing of transitions, but differs from several classic studies in the sign of inferred precipitation change. The differences among records may reflect spatially variable precipitation patterns in the past in response to the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and to sea surface temperature influences on the trade winds and Caribbean low‐level jet. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

对于点苍山-石鼓变质带区域划分的意见   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：9  

翟明国  从柏林 《岩石学报》1993,9(3):227-239

在以往的研究中,点苍山和哀牢山被认为是同一个变质带。对石鼓带的划分也有很大争议。本文通过岩石学和同位素年代学的研究,认为点苍山和石鼓变质带同为扬子基底的一部分,应属于滇东变质区。它们是在元谋-大红山群之上发育的一套中晚元古变质岩带,具陆内地台型火山-沉积的特点。  相似文献   

我国第四纪火山活动的板块构造背景     

黄镇国  张伟强 《地理科学》1995,15(2):109-117

  相似文献   

印度与欧亚大陆碰撞构造变形数值分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

陈开平  马瑾 《地震地质》1995,17(3):277-284

在全面考虑了大陆构造变形三重非线性特征的基础上，用动态有限元法研究了藏东对印度与欧亚大陆碰撞作用的大变形响应。数值模拟结果显示了明显的纵向收缩变形，变形主轴多具有顺时针转动的趋势，但横向位移在总体上并不显著。其最大值正位于红河和鲜水河断裂之间，这一结果论证了印度板块对欧亚大陆的碰撞可能是川滇菱形块体向南东运动的动力来源。红河、鲜水河、昆仑及阿尔金活断层在碰撞作用下发生了顺时针的旋转变形；而且，计算结果模拟出了红河断裂由左旋变为右旋，另３条断裂始终左旋的运动特征  相似文献   

论板块运动的驱动力          下载免费PDF全文

谢鸣一  谢鸣谦 《地质科学》1987,(3):209-220

本文从动力学的角度讨论了板块运动的驱动机理,并提出了计算板块扩张速度的公式,然后求出了不同类型板块的扩张速度。用此公式所计算出的板块扩张速度与实际观测速度很符合。  相似文献   

Plate tectonics,palaeoenvironments and limestone geomorphology in West-Central Britain     

Ian Douglas 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1987,12(5):481-495

The variety of active, exhumed, and buried limestone landforms of northern England, North Wales, and the Isle of Man arises in part from the way in which Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) sedimentation was affected by a tilt-block basement structure evolved during the closure of the Iapetus Ocean suture to the north, and partly to subsequent plate tectonic movements associated with the closure of the proto-Tethys ocean, the opening of the Atlantic Ocean and the Alpine orogeny. Landforms created during the Dinantian now form important exhumed and buried landscape features. The Permian half-graben structures of the eastern Irish Sea-Cheshire-Worcester Basins account for many of the contrasts between the upland karsts of the Pennines and the lowland karsts of coastal areas.  相似文献   

论博格达俯冲撕裂型裂谷的形成与演化   总被引：66，自引：23，他引：43  

顾连兴  胡受奚等 《岩石学报》2001,17(4):585-597

博格达裂谷带位于准噶尔与吐－哈两个前寒武纪地块之间,呈东－西走向,东端与克拉麦里－哈尔里克泥盆－石炭纪火山弧呈大角度相交。该 裂谷于早－中石炭世启动和沉降,在盆地中堆积了巨厚的陆源碎屑岩夹双峰式火山岩。裂谷的闭合发生于中石炭世末至晚石炭世。在裂谷闭合后区域构造由挤压向拉张的转折时期,发生了以辉绿岩为主的侵入活动,并伴有少量中－酸性分异产物。博格达裂谷东、西两段的演化特征有着显著差异。东段早石炭世就已开始裂离,裂离过程的火山岩以玄武岩为主,仅有少量流纹岩,裂谷盆地强烈沉降,形成深海－半深海环境,裂谷在中石炭世末至晚石炭世初即已闭合,裂谷岩系因强烈褶皱,与上覆二叠系呈明显角度不整合,显示了“突变”式闭合特征。与此不同的是,西段至中石炭世才开始明显裂离,裂离过程的火山岩以英安岩和流纹岩为主,玄武岩量较少,火山－沉积岩系均形成于浅海环境,裂谷至晚石炭世末才发生闭合,裂谷岩系因未发生强烈褶皱,故与上覆二叠系为平行不整合接触,显示了“渐变”式闭合特征。该裂谷的形成是古亚洲洋壳向先存的准－吐－哈陆块斜向俯冲,将其东南端撕裂的产物,因而可称为俯冲撕裂型裂谷。演化过程沿走向的明显不均一性是这类裂谷的重要特点。  相似文献   

Miocene shallow-water limestones from São Nicolau (Cabo Verde): Caribbean-type benthic fauna and time constraints for volcanism     

Daniel Bernoulli  Lukas Hottinger  Silvia Spezzaferri  Peter Stille 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2007,100(2):215-225

Shallow-water limestones of presumed Late Cretaceous and Eocene age, interbedded with basaltic lavas, were described by earlier authors from São Nicolau in the northwestern part of the Cabo Verde archipelago. If confirmed, these ages would imply late Mesozoic shallow-marine and subaerial volcanic activity in the Cabo Verde archipelago, and document a geological history very different from that known so far from other Cabo Verde Islands, from which no subaerial volcanic activity before the mid-Cenozoic is known. Our re-investigation of the foraminiferal fauna indicates a Late Miocene age for the presumed Late Cretaceous and Eocene limestones. The hypothesis of a long-lived hot spot, active by the Early Cretaceous, and of a major island-building stage in the Cabo Verde Islands during this period, is therefore not supported by the present bio- or chronostratigraphic data.  相似文献