Zoning grassland protection area using remote sensing and cellular automata modeling—A case study in Xilingol steppe grassland in northern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. He  Q. Zhang  Y. Li  X. Li  P. Shi   《Journal of Arid Environments》2005,63(4):814-826

Grassland degradation has become a serious environmental problem in China due to climate variability and human disturbances in the arid and semi-arid areas. Establishing grassland protection areas (GPAs) is regarded as an effective measure to protect grassland. This paper presents a new method to support the local government's effort in zoning of GPAs. It integrates a cellular automata (CA) model with geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing. The proposed method includes two major steps: 1. to extract “seed points” of candidate GPAs using remote sensing techniques and GIS; 2. to simulate the zoning of GPAs using a CA model. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a case study in Xilingol steppe grassland in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The results show that the integrated approach can rapidly find candidate GPAs that satisfy the zoning requirement. It has demonstrated that the proposed method of grassland protection zoning provides valuable decision support tools for government and planning agencies.  相似文献   

Preliminary Cellular-Automata Forecast of Permit Activity from 1998 to 2010, Idaho and Western Montana     

Raines  G. L.  Zientek  M. L.  Causey  J. D.  Boleneus  D. E. 《Natural Resources Research》2002,11(3):167-186

For public land management in Idaho and western Montana, the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) has requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) predict where mineral-related activity will occur in the next decade. Cellular automata provide an approach to simulation of this human activity. Cellular automata (CA) are defined by an array of cells, which evolve by a simple transition rule, the automaton. Based on exploration trends, we assume that future exploration will focus in areas of past exploration. Spatial-temporal information about mineral-related activity, that is permits issued by USFS and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in the last decade, and spatial information about undiscovered resources, provide a basis to calibrate a CA. The CA implemented is a modified annealed voting rule that simulates mineral-related activity with spatial and temporal resolution of 1 mi² and 1 year based on activity from 1989 to 1998. For this CA, the state of the economy and exploration technology is assumed constant for the next decade. The calibrated CA reproduces the 1989–1998-permit activity with an agreement of 94%, which increases to 98% within one year. Analysis of the confusion matrix and kappa correlation statistics indicates that the CA underestimates high activity and overestimates low activity. Spatially, the major differences between the actual and calculated activity are that the calculated activity occurs in a slightly larger number of small patches and is slightly more uneven than the actual activity. Using the calibrated CA in a Monte Carlo simulation projecting from 1998 to 2010, an estimate of the probability of mineral activity shows high levels of activity in Boise, Caribou, Elmore, Lincoln, and western Valley counties in Idaho and Beaverhead, Madison, and Stillwater counties in Montana, and generally low activity elsewhere.  相似文献   

模拟固体中波动过程的细胞自动机建模研究   总被引：5，自引：6，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

胡健行  李幼铭 《地球物理学报》1997,40(1):120-126

从统计物理的原理出发，首先分析了采用细胞自动机研究波动问题的建模方法，给出了一种研究弹性介质中纵波传播过程的细胞自动机模型，讨论了该模型中粒子数密度函数所满足的运动方程和对应的宏观方程。为了检验方法的正确性，对同一数值模型将细胞自动机方法的计算结果与波动方程的有限差分解进行了对比。结果表明，本文所采用的方法是可行的。  相似文献   

Simulating　to　Formation　of　Stripes　in　Migmatite　under　Directional　Pressure　Using　Stochastic　Cellular　Automaton     

Li Caiwei 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1996,(2)

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岩石破裂过程的自组织临界特征初探   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

许强  黄润秋 《地质灾害与环境保护》1996,7(1):25-30

自组织临界状态。是广延耗散动力学系统所普遍具有的行为特征。实验表明，岩石破裂过程也具有自组织临界特征。本文运用数学－力学分析和计算机模拟等手段。研究了岩石破裂过程中所现出的累进性破坏及无序向有序演化等特征的内在机理，从而加深了岩石破裂失稳定过程机制的认识。  相似文献   

Calcite formation in microbial mats: modeling and quantification of inhomogeneous distribution patterns by a cellular automaton model and multifractal measures     

Jürgen Kropp  Werner von Blob  Thomas Klenke 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(4):857-863

The evolution of early diagenetic calcite cements in microbial mats of recent supratidal sediments of the southern North Sea is modeled in a two-dimensional microscale approach by a cellular automaton model (CAM). Calcite is traced out in the model by virtual calcium distribution patterns obtained from runs under different assumptions concerning sediment-intrinsic conditions. For justification of the CAM, real calcium distribution patterns, documented by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX), are quantitatively compared with the virtual patterns on the basis of multifractal analyses. The formation of high magnesian calcite as a consequence of biogenic anaerobic decomposition of organic matter starts at certain initial calcite domains. In this stage an inhomogeneous and multifractal calcium distribution is characteristic. Nearly complete remineralization of organic matter leads to monofractal behavior of generalized fractal dimensions (D_B(q) ±1.84). The CAM results confirm that calcite formation is a self-determining morphogenetical process and diffusive transport processes of reactants within the mat affect the biogenic calcite formation.  相似文献   

Population growth and its spatial distribution as factors in the deforestation of Nang Rong, Thailand     

Barbara Entwisle  Ronald R. Rindfuss  Philip H. Page 《Geoforum》2008,39(2):879-897

Frontiers constitute a major source of global land cover change hot spots, with forests and grasslands being converted into agricultural uses. As such, frontiers provide an opportunity to see how people manipulate the land and their lives in the context of social, cultural and environmental constraints. This paper examines frontier settlement and land cover change in Nang Rong district, Northeast Thailand for the last half century. It uses a Cellular Automata (CA) model to explore the land cover consequences of alternative patterns of settlement in a setting where people establish dwelling units in nucleated villages and work agricultural plots that surround villages. Forested land around the center of a village is converted into agricultural uses in an inverse relationship to the distance from the village center, but frequently modified by biophysical conditions. Land at the center of the village may be reforested after the village is established as a source of shade as well as fruit and other products. Model variation in land cover change is more sensitive to the spatial reach of village households than their temporal reach, suggesting the important role that technology plays in how villagers travel to their fields (walking versus motorized transit).  相似文献   

基于约束性CA的大都市郊区城镇增长的情景模拟与管控——以武汉市江夏区为例     

王海军  夏畅  张安琪  邓羽 《地理科学进展》2016,35(7):793-805

大都市郊区是快速城镇化进程中空间演变最为频繁、人地矛盾最为突出的区域,尤其在中国加快推进“就地就近”城镇化战略的背景下,把握大都市郊区小城镇土地利用时空变化过程及其演变机制,对制定科学合理的管控政策和优化都市空间结构具有重要的现实意义。约束性元胞自动机(constrained Cellular Automata, constrained CA)能够通过简单的规则模拟复杂的城市动态演化过程。本文将土地利用总体规划指标、城镇空间发展战略布局、土地利用开发适宜性等,嵌入约束性CA的转换规则中,采用Logistic逐步回归法分析土地利用空间影响因素,对严格约束下的武汉市江夏区2020年土地利用进行情景模拟分析,并提出城市增长管控手段。结果表明：①研究时段内,江夏区城镇用地呈低效外延式扩张,土地利用集约节约程度较低,其人口规模并未有较大增长,对主城区人口的分散作用尚未真正形成;②约束性CA在模拟大都市郊区演化方面具有较高的可靠性,能够真实反映近郊小城镇的未来空间布局与结构,模拟结果与土地利用规划和城市规划较为契合;③将规划目标导向与现实发展趋势下的模拟结果进行叠加分析,可确定城镇增长需求与规划指标调控间冲突的空间分布,从而划定土地督察的重点监测区域,为加强大都市近郊区的违法用地监查和土地利用管控提供先验的预警知识。  相似文献   

空间复杂性与地理元胞自动机模拟研究   总被引：23，自引：1，他引：22  

孙战利 《地球信息科学学报》1999,1(2):32-37

面对具有非线性、非平衡、自相似、自组织等复杂性特征的空间复杂现象,基于传统的牛顿力学和微分方程数学的地理模型显得力不从心,非线性科学作为解决地理复杂现象的有效工具成为地理学研究的前沿.基于对地理复杂性的分析、作者提出了一种基于元胞自动机(Cellular Automata)的地理模型框架,并在地理信息系统集成的基础上,对美国安阿伯波市的城市增长与扩散进行了生动地模拟和预测.  相似文献   

AutoPaCA:耦合过程-模式的城镇空间增长模拟模型     

戴云哲  杨建新  龚健  叶菁  李靖业  李云 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(1):87-99

理解城镇增长过程、模式、机理并预判未来发展趋势,对优化城镇空间布局,促进城市可持续发展有重要意义。元胞自动机模型（Cellular Automata, CA）是研究城镇增长过程、模式的有效技术手段,但传统CA模型对城镇增长过程和空间模式的协同考虑不足。本研究构建了基于斑块（Patch）的城镇CA模型AutoPaCA,实现对城镇增长过程及空间模式的协同表征和精细控制,将城镇增长过程分为边缘增长和跳跃增长两种形式,并实现了对不同形式下城镇斑块位置、形状和面积大小的精细控制,同时考虑城镇空间模式的集聚性、整体形态及空间约束。此外,还提出使用景观格局分析法分析历史时期城镇增长过程和模式,并结合遗传算法实现对模型参数的地域化自动校正,降低人为主观因素对模拟结果的影响。将模型应用于长沙市1995—2035年的城镇增长模拟与多情景分析。结果表明,构建的AutoPaCA模型可以取得较好的模型精度,200次模拟结果的互异邻域相似性指数均值达到0.486;在生态保护情景下,长沙市城市内部生态结构保存完好,且表现出更为明显的长株潭一体化趋势,说明本研究提出的AutoPaCA模型及参数校正方法是有效的。  相似文献