排序方式： 共有33条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
储层压实作用和胶结作用的压力响应特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了在发育异常高压沉积盆地的中深层进行有效的油气勘探,综合运用薄片、岩心常规、粒度分析、SEM等分析化验资料,探讨了渤中凹陷西北次凹储层压实作用和胶结作用的压力响应特征。得到了异常高压对机械压实具有抑制作用的有力证据。证实了不同胶结物类型有不同的压力响应特征。研究认为,每超静水压力7 MPa的异常高压可保存约2.0%原生孔隙。胶结强度的压力响应特征呈斜坡状:1陡坡段,远离高压界面的常压带→高压界面外280 m,胶结强度迅速增强,以弱胶结为特征,胶结物以自生黏土矿物为主,约占总胶结物的85%;2缓坡段,高压界面外280 m→异常高压带,胶结强度缓慢增大,以强—中胶结为特征,胶结物以碳酸盐为主,约占总胶结物的75%以上。在高压界面附近的常压带,碳酸盐胶结作用的压力响应厚度比自生黏土矿物的响应厚度小,前者约280 m,后者430 m。研究区原生孔隙与渗透率具有较好相关性,相关系数可达0.77,表明原生孔隙发育的砂岩是优质储层。研究结果可为在异常高压发育的盆地中深层寻找优质储层提供理论依据。 相似文献
22.
Marine clay deposits are encountered in the coastal regions of the world. They are soft in consistency with low shear strength and are highly compressible. The properties of these deposits are complex and diverse, and they mainly depend on the minerals present and microstructural arrangement of constituent particles. In the present investigation, the physico-chemical properties of the sediment samples obtained from marine deposits of east and west metropolitan coastal cities of India are discussed, and the test results obtained are compared with the synthetic samples such as bentonite and kaolinite. Mineralogical and fabric studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques. Several consolidation and strength tests were carried out to study the engineering behaviour of these deposits. The strength and compressibility (Cc) values of these deposits varies from 27 to 45 kN/m2 and 0.37 to 0.81 respectively. XRD studies confirm the presence of highly compressible clay minerals such as smectite, vermiculite, chlorite and traces of the low swelling mineral, kaolinite. The fabric studies indicate that the constituent particles were arranged in an open network, or flocculated structure resulting in a high void ratio. 相似文献
23.
Thomas Mann Andr Wizemann Marleen Stuhr Yannis Kappelmann Alexander Janßen Jamaluddin Jompa Hildegard Westphal 《Sedimentology》2022,69(1):282-300
Early-diagenetic cementation of tropical carbonates results from the combination of numerous physico-chemical and biological processes. In the marine phreatic environment it represents an essential mechanism for the development and stabilization of carbonate platforms. However, diagenetic cements that developed early in the marine phreatic environment are likely to become obliterated during later stages of meteoric or burial diagenesis. When lithified sediment samples are studied, this complicates the recognition of processes involved in early cementation, and their geological implications. In this contribution, a petrographic microfacies analysis of Holocene Halimeda segments collected on a coral island in the Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia, is presented. Through electron microscopical analyses of polished samples, this study shows that segments are characterized by intragranular cementation of fibrous aragonite, equant High-Mg calcite (3.9 to 7.2 Mol% Mg), bladed Low-Mg calcite (0.4 to 1.0 Mol% Mg) and mini-micritic Low-Mg calcite (3.2 to 3.3 Mol% Mg). The co-existence and consecutive development of fibrous aragonite and equant High-Mg calcite results initially from the flow of oversaturated seawater along the aragonite template of the Halimeda skeleton, followed by an adjustment of cement mineralogy towards High-Mg calcite as a result of reduced permeability and fluid flow rates in the pores. Growth of bladed Low-Mg calcite cements on top of etched substrates of equant High-Mg calcite is explained by shifts in pore water pH and alkalinity through microbial sulphate reduction. Microbial activity appears to be the main trigger for the precipitation of mini-micritic Low-Mg calcite as well, based on the presumable detection of an extracellular polymeric matrix during an early stage of mini-micrite Low-Mg calcite cement precipitation. Radiocarbon analyses of five Halimeda segments furthermore indicate that virtually complete intragranular cementation in the marine phreatic environment with thermodynamically/kinetically controlled aragonite and High-Mg calcite takes place in about 100 years. Collectively, this study shows that early-diagenetic cements are highly diverse and provides new quantitative constraints on the rate of diagenetic cementation in tropical carbonate factories. 相似文献
24.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(4):101540
Accurate quantification of the gas hydrate content in the deep sea is useful for assessing the resource potential and understanding the role of gas hydrates in the global carbon cycle. Resistivity logging data combined with Archie's equation are often used to calculate gas hydrate saturation, but the reliability is dependent on the rationality of the empirical parameter cementation factor and saturation index. At present, an increasing number of fine-grained hydrate-rich sediment regions have been discovered worldwide through drilling efforts, and the reservoir types and hydrate distribution are diverse, which differs greatly from that of coarse-grained reservoirs of hydrate-bearing sediment. This results in vertical variations in m and n through stratigraphy. At present, the saturation evaluation effect of these reservoirs cannot be improved. In this work, a theory for the determination of the cementation factor and saturation index was first proposed to obtain reliable and variable values of the empirical parameters. Then, a hydrate saturation evaluation technique with variables m and n was formed based on the well logging data. This technique was used to evaluate complex fine-grained hydrate-bearing reservoirs in several regions worldwide. It was found that the highest n could be 16, and the log calculation results were more consistent with the core hydrate saturation. Additionally, the cause of the excessively high n values was explained from physical principles, and the result was verified with actually well log data. In future evaluations of the amount of hydrate resources in fine-grained sediment reservoirs worldwide, new saturation estimation methods should be taken into account to advance hydrate research. 相似文献
25.
根据常规薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X衍射、阴极发光等资料分析,对歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙三段岩石学特征、成岩作用类型、成岩阶段划分及其对孔隙的影响进行了研究。结果表明,研究区沙三段储层岩石类型为长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩。现今主要处于早成岩B期、中成岩期,部分埋深较大的地区进入晚成岩期。经历的成岩作用有压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用、溶蚀作用、破裂作用。其中,压实作用、胶结作用是主要的破坏性成岩作用,溶蚀作用是主要的建设性成岩作用,特别对长石、岩屑和碳酸盐胶结物的溶蚀是储层物性变好的重要的成岩控制因素。 相似文献
26.
Nizamettin Demirkıran Ahmet EkmekyaparAsım Künkül Ahmet Baysar 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2007
Cementation of copper from zinc containing copper solutions using metallic zinc was studied in this work. The effect of copper, zinc and ammonium chloride concentration, stirring speed, pH and temperature on the cementation of copper was determined. Cementation rate increased with initial copper concentration, stirring speed and temperature. pH variation from 1 to 4 increased the cementation rate but at higher pH, the rate was not significantly effected. The cementation rate of copper increased with Zn2+ ion concentration. However, the rate of this rise was slightly less compared to the rise that occurred in the Zn2+ ions free copper solution. 相似文献
27.
王家坪古杯礁丘是由不规则古杯和蓝绿藻Renalcis、Epiphyton、Cirvanella等组成的障积礁丘。可分为:孤立小型古杯泥丘和由丘状藻-古杯粘结岩叠置而成的点礁。以Renalcis为主的藻-古杯粘结岩与孤立小型古杯泥丘一样形成于风暴浪基面之下的低能陆架。以Epiphyton为主的藻-古杯粘结岩形成于较动荡的中-高能陆架浅滩。除造礁生物的沉积作用外,早期海底胶结作用和充填固化作用对古杯礁丘的形成亦起了十分重要的作用。 相似文献
28.
针对Dvorkin 和Nur （1996） 提出的连续胶结声速理论（CCT）中的胶结半径表达式仅适用于孔隙式胶结疏松砂岩的局限性,通过胶结物与颗粒之间的空间几何关系,在胶结物中心厚度不为零的前提下,推导了胶结物胶结半径的一般表达式,并考察了胶结物中心厚度对疏松砂岩声波速度的影响,探讨了该表达式在基底式胶结疏松砂岩纵横波速度预测中的应用.结果表明：随胶结物中心厚度变大,纵、横波速度均减小,且孔隙度越大,胶结物含量越少,速度下降越快;孔隙度或胶结物含量不变时,纵横波速比随胶结物中心厚度的增大而增大;纵横波速比随孔隙度的变化规律与胶结物中心厚度有关,当胶结物中心厚度较小时,孔隙度增大,纵横波速比略微减小,而当胶结物中心厚度较大时,孔隙度的增大会引起纵横波速比略微增大;对于基底式胶结疏松砂岩,使用推广后表达式修正的CCT模型相对原CCT模型能够更好地预测其声波速度,同时发现,利用其纵横波速比无法预测由孔隙度或胶结物含量变化引起的疏松砂岩软硬的变化,但是在胶结物含量或孔隙度不变的情况下,纵横波速比可指示由胶结物中心厚度变化引起的疏松砂岩软硬的变化. 相似文献
29.
南海琼东南盆地发现的高压泥底辟构造、海底“气烟囱”和天然气冷泉表明该地区可能存在着渗漏系统天然气水合物藏.假定在该区直径为1500 m的甲烷渗漏区内,甲烷渗漏通量为1000 kmol/a,甲烷水合物沉积层的温度范围为3~20 ℃,根据水合物条形移动界面理论建立传热模型,选取0 mbsf、100 mbsf、200 mbsf和425 mbsf分别计算在渗漏和扩散情况下的温度和生长速度变化曲线.结果表明甲烷水合物在沉积层骨架里的固结速度约为0.2 nm/s,经过约35000年后渗漏系统将演变成扩散系统.同时,甲烷水合物在渗漏系统里比在扩散系统里的生长速度快约20～40倍. 相似文献
30.
Evaluation of the reservoir permeability of anthracite coals by geophysical logging data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Junqian LiDameng Liu Yanbin YaoYidong Cai Yongkai Qiu 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):121-127
Permeability is one of the most significant reservoir parameters. It is commonly obtained by experiment, history simulation, injection/falloff well test and geophysical logging. Among these, geophysical logging remains as the most economic and efficient technique in evaluating coal permeability in the vicinity of an open-hole. In this paper, geophysical logging data are used to evaluate the coal reservoir permeability for the No. 3 coal seam in the southern Qinshui Basin (Fanzhuang and Zhengzhuang coal zones). Ideally coal reservoirs consist of coal matrix and fracture networks that can be represented by a model called a collection of sheets. Based on the model, coal reservoir permeability can be quantitatively calculated using the theoretical formula of kf = 8.50 × 10− 4 w2φf, in which fracture width (w) and fracture porosity (φf) were obtained by dual laterolog and density logging data, respectively. Calculative results show that coal reservoir permeability ranged from 0.017 mD to 0.617 mD for the Fanzhuang coal zone and from 0.047 mD to 1.337 mD for the Zhengzhuang coal zone. The permeability decreases with coal burial depth, reflecting variations in penetration capability of coal reservoirs at varying depths. Comparing results with those from injection/falloff well tests, however, shows that the model-calculated permeability is slightly higher. This is expected because the model did not include the influence from coal anisotropy. 相似文献