Physico-chemical characteristics and environmental significance of snow deposition on Haxilegen glacier No.51 in Tian Shan, China     

Zhiwen Dong  Zhongqin Li  Mingjun Zhang  Feiteng Wang  Lihua Wu 《山地科学学报》2011,8(3):484-494

Snow chemistry on the glaciers of alpine regions is a good indicator of atmospheric environmental change.We examine snow chemistry in three snowpits at different altitudes on the Haxilegen Glacier No.51,in the Kuitun River source,Tian Shan,China,during July-September 2004 to 2007.We use correlation analysis,factor analysis and sea-salt tracing methods to examine the characteristics and sources of major ions and mineral dust particles in the snow.Results show that mineral dust particles and major ions in the snow pits vary seasonally.During the Asian dust period in springtime,the concentration of mineral dust particles and major ions deposited in snow is high,while the concentration is relatively low during the non-dust period of summer and autumn.This may be caused by dust storm activity in central Asia.The order of major ionic concentrations in the snow packs was determined to be Ca2+ > SO42-> NH4+ > NO3-> Cl-> Na+ > Mg2+ > K+.Ca2+ was the dominant cation;SO42- was the dominant anion.We find,with the exception of NO3-,that the variabilities of ionic concentrations are highly correlated.Results show that the glacier region was significantly affected by dust activity and anthropogenic source.The major ions,especially Na+,originate from dust sources of central Asia and from the Ocean,transported by the westerly winds.  相似文献   

The Koshrabad granite massif in Uzbekistan: petrogenesis, metallogeny, and geodynamic setting     

D.L. Konopelko  Yu S. Biske  K. Kullerud  R. Seltmann  F.K. Divaev 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2011,52(12):1563-1573

The Koshrabad massif, referred to as the Hercynian postcollisional intrusions of the Tien Shan, is composed of two rock series: (1) mafic and quartz monzonites and (2) granites of the main phase. Porphyritic granitoids of the main phase contain ovoids of alkali feldspar, often rimmed with plagioclase. Mafic rocks developed locally in the massif core resulted from the injections of mafic magma into the still unconsolidated rocks of the main phase, which produced hybrid rocks and various dike series. All rocks of the massif are characterized by high f (Fe/(Fe + Mg)) values and contain fayalite, which points to the reducing conditions of their formation. Mafic rocks are the product of fractional crystallization of alkali-basaltic mantle melt, and granitoids of the main phase show signs of crustal-substance contamination. In high f values and HFSE contents the massif rocks are similar to A-type granites. Data on the geochemical evolution of the massif rocks confirm the genetic relationship of the massif gold deposits with magmatic processes and suggest the accumulation of gold in residual acid melts and the rapid formation of ore quartz veins in the same structures that controlled the intrusion of late dikes. The simultaneous intrusion of compositionally different postcollisional granitoids of the North Nuratau Ridge, including the Koshrabad granitoids, is due to the synchronous melting of different crustal protoliths in the zone of transcrustal shear, which was caused by the ascent of the hot asthenospheric matter in the dilatation setting. The resulting circulation of fluids led to the mobilization of ore elements from the crustal rocks and their accumulation in commercial concentrations.  相似文献   

Strong historical earthquakes in the northwestern Issyk Kul’ basin (northern Tien Shan)     

A.M. Korjenkov  S.V. Abdieva  A.B. Dzhumabaeva  A.B. Fortuna  E. Mamyrov  E.A. Morozova  L.A. Orlova  P.S. Vakhrameeva 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2011,52(9):1007-1015

The northern Tien Shan is the northern front of the Himalayan mountain belt, which resulted from the collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates. This region encompasses the most active seismic zones of the orogen, which generated the strongest (M > 8) earthquakes. Since there are scarcely any written accounts, the only way to trace back strong earthquakes is the paleoseismologic method. Since 1984 we have been studying the northwestern Issyk Kul’ basin, where there are differently directed anticlines, which constitute the Kungei meganticline. Here, several active tectonic structures (faults, folds) are located, whose development was accompanied by strong earthquakes. Our field studies of 2008 in the Iiri-Taldybulak Valley, along the adyrs (foothills) of the Kungei-Ala-Too Range, revealed two unknown historical earthquakes. The first one, which occurred along the southern rupture in the late 7th century A.D., gave rise to a seismic scarp; the latter broke through the river floodplain and a tash-koro (ancient settlement). The second one, which occurred along the northern rupture in the late 9th century A.D., increased the height of the seismic scarp, existing on the Early Holocene and older terraces. Note that this region already records a strong seismic event around 500 A.D. Archeologic data have revealed one more strong earthquake, which took place in the 14th century A.D. Note that the above-mentioned strong seismic events are coeval with the decline of the nomadic cultures (Wusun, Turkic, Mogul) in the northern Tien Shan and Zhetysu (Semirech’e).  相似文献   

河南罗山金城金矿床成矿条件与深部找矿前景分析     

刘洪 《地质与勘探》2013,49(2):265-273

河南省罗山县金城金矿床位于桐柏-大别造山带中部大别山西北侧,北邻桐柏-商城韧性剪切带,西邻燕山晚期灵山花岗岩体。矿体受近东西向的断裂构造控制,呈脉状、透镜状产于中元古界浒湾(岩)组变质岩中,为一受韧脆性剪切带控制的中低温热液金矿床。赋矿岩石为蚀变斜长角闪岩、蚀变二云母片岩以及薄层大理岩互层带。金城金矿矿石构造以浸染状、细脉状和角砾状为主,主要载金矿物为黄铁矿,早世代的自然金以裂隙金的形式赋存于第一世代自形粗粒黄铁矿裂隙中,晚世代的自然金以包裹体金的形式赋存于第二世代稠密他形细粒黄铁矿颗粒中。结合地质、构造叠加晕、CSAMT资料,笔者认为Ⅰ号矿体和Ⅳ号矿体在0线东北部向深部有延伸趋势,该地段标高-300m以下具有较好的找矿前景。  相似文献   

安徽省金寨县沙坪沟钼矿含矿岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

陈红瑾  陈衍景  张静  陈秀忠  张怀东 《岩石学报》2013,29(1):131-145

安徽省金寨县沙坪沟斑岩型钼矿位于大别山东段,钼矿化与石英正长斑岩和爆破角砾岩紧密相关.石英正长斑岩和爆破角砾岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为116.1±2.2Ma和112.9±1.2Ma,侵位于早白垩世.两类岩石都显示出高钾、富碱、富铝的特点,属过铝质A型花岗岩,具有较高浓度的大离子亲石元素和相对低含量的高场强元素以及较低的HREE和Y、Yb含量,暗示其源于石榴石作为残留相的较深层次的下地壳物质部分熔融.石英正长斑岩εHf(t)变化于-14.4～-12.4,分布于亏损地幔演化线之下,tDM2变化于1598～1707Ma,指示岩浆源于古老下地壳物质的部分熔融,古老下地壳可能由宽坪群(1.85～1.4Ga)组成;爆破角砾岩εHf(t)为-10.1～-2.7,tDM2为1097～ 1486Ma,指示物源区比斑岩更年轻,可能来自宽坪群与地幔物质的混合.以上表明,从石英正长斑岩到爆破角砾岩,成岩岩浆来源变深,由地壳为主演变为壳幔混合,形成于碰撞造山加厚地壳的减薄过程;在大地构造上,能够作为源区的地层单元皆分布于矿区以北,因此我们认为在中生代碰撞造山过程中,华北大陆板块向南俯冲到大别山之下.  相似文献   

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带变沉积岩的变质演化   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

王舫  刘福来  刘平华 《岩石学报》2013,29(2):630-640

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带位于青藏高原东南缘大理-元江-元阳-河口一带,出露规模达数百千米,是扬子板块和印支陆块之间的一条重要构造带.该变质杂岩带主要由各类正片麻岩、副片麻岩、大理岩所组成,夹有斜长角闪岩、石榴辉石岩和超镁铁质岩石的透镜体或团块.其中,变沉积岩如含夕线石和蓝晶石的片麻岩类岩石保存了多阶段的矿物组合及异常复杂的矿物相转变关系.详细的岩相学、成因矿物学以及矿物相转变关系分析表明,变沉积岩系经历了早期进变质阶段(M1)、峰期角闪-麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)、峰后近等温减压(脱水熔融)阶段(M3)以及晚期退变质阶段(M4)的变质演化.其中,M1阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+斜长石+白云母+石英+十字石±蓝晶石±黑云母±钾长石,M2阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+蓝晶石/夕线石+斜长石+石英、石榴石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±夕线石,M3阶段的共生矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+斜长石+石英,M4阶段的矿物组合为黑云母+白云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±石榴石等.通过传统GB-GASP温压计和二云母温度计的估算结果,配合P-T视剖面定量计算,确定早期进变质阶段(M1)的温压条件为T=560 ～ 590℃,P=5.5 ～6.3kb,峰期角闪-麻粒岩相阶段(M2)的温压条件为T=720～ 760℃、P=8.0～9.3kb,峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)的温度压力条件为T=640～760℃,P=5.0～7.3kb,晚期退变阶段(M4)的温压条件为T=521～648℃,P=4.0～5.0kb.上述研究结果表明,点苍山-哀牢山变沉积岩记录了典型碰撞造山带型式的顺时针P-T演化轨迹,表明点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带的形成与印度板块和欧亚板块之间的俯冲-碰撞存在密切的成因关系.  相似文献   

Strain, Kinematic Vorticity and Ductile Thinning along the Detachment Zone of the Yunmeng Shan Metamorphic Core Complex, Beijing, China     

LI Jianbo  WANG Tao  GUO Lei  TONG Ying  OUYANG Zhixia  ZENG Tao 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(4):989-1004

The Yunmeng Shan metamorphic core complex (MCC) is composed of the lower plate, the upper plate and the detachment zone. The detachment zone consists of ductile shear zone (mylonite zone), chloritized microbreccias zone and the brittle fault plane. The ductile shear zone contains mylonitic rocks, protomylonites, and mylonites. Finite strain measurements of feldspar porphyroclasts from those rocks using the Rf/φ method show that the strain intensities increase from mylonitic rocks (Es=0.66–0.72) to protomylonites (Es=0.66–0.83), and to mylonites (Es=0.71–1.2). The strain type is close to flatten strain. Kinematic vorticity estimated by Polar Mohr diagrams suggest that foliations and lineation of mylonite (0.47相似文献   

基于InSAR、GPS形变场的长白山地区火山岩浆囊参数模拟研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈国浒  单新建  Wooil M.Moon  Kyung-Ryul Kim 《地球物理学报》2008,51(4):1085-1092

利用差分合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术（DInSAR）获取长白山地区的形变场.结果显示1995~1998年期间,位于长白山东南侧的间白山火山存在6~12 cm的视线向形变,而长白山天池火山处于平静期,没有明显形变.利用2002~2003年的GPS和水准获取的形变数据,分别采用Mogi单源、双源模型反演了长白山地区火山的岩浆囊参数.其中双源模型拟合效果较为理想,两个点源一个位于长白山天池老火山口下方7.9 km处,另一个位于间白山火山下方5.5 km处.对双源模型反演得到的岩浆囊参数进行适当调整,拟合得到与InSAR形变场基本吻合的结果.上述研究结果表明长白山地区火山活动存在时间上的间歇性和空间上的迁移性,为进一步研究长白山地区火山活动机制提供了参考和依据.  相似文献   

长白山区泥炭沼泽磁化率特征及其环境意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲍锟山  贾琳  王国平 《湿地科学》2009,7(4):321-326

以长白山区泥炭沼泽为研究对象,沿不同海拔选择赤池、锦北、大牛沟、金川和哈尔巴岭5个代表性采样点。通过对沼泽垂直剖面的精细采样,利用210Pb和137Cs方法对5个剖面进行高精度定年,综合研究和分析泥炭沉积物质量磁化率沿深度垂直分布特征,进而揭示其环境意义。结果表明,长白山区泥炭沼泽磁化率在表层具有明显的富集规律,富集时间始于20世纪初,并在20世纪后期达到峰值,且其富集含量可达以下层位富集平均值的5～10倍;长白山区泥炭磁化率的表聚性特征反映了在盛行西风等自然因素作用下,大气降尘和城市扩张等多种人类活动对区域环境的影响,很好地指示了区域磁性颗粒物污染扩大和加剧趋势。  相似文献   

长白山金川泥炭地圆叶茅膏菜的生态可塑性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汤袁  卜兆君  陈祥义  李辉  李爽  翁翎燕 《湿地科学》2009,7(4):358-362

圆叶茅膏菜（Drosera rotundifolia）是营养贫乏型泥炭地的典型食虫植物。于2006年9月,应用“固有年际标记”确定长白山金川泥炭地边缘（A）和中心（B）圆叶茅膏菜种群的年龄结构,研究其生态可塑性。结果表明,两种群植株分别由5个龄级和4个龄级组成,年龄结构分别呈衰退型和稳定型。两个种群平均高度相差35．9％（nA=80,nB=110,P〈0．01）,泥炭地边缘的生境更有利于植株高度的生长。各龄植株的平均高度均随龄级增加而呈相似线性增长规律（nA=80,nB=110,P〈0．05）。泥炭地边缘植株平均叶长、叶宽、叶柄长均高于中心（nA=74,nB=104,P〈0．01）,而叶片表面的触毛密度则相反,泥炭地边缘植株的触毛密度显著低于中心（nA=74,nB=104,P〈0．01）。由于泥炭地边缘较中心生境土壤养分丰富,昆虫数量多,光竞争强烈,导致圆叶茅膏菜在植株高度、叶片形态、触毛密度方面表现出很高的生态可塑性,高生态可塑性应是圆叶茅膏菜种群适应泥炭地异质环境的重要手段。  相似文献