三维相干切片断层多边形检测   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

张向君  李幼铭  钟吉太  程明军  朱继林 《物探化探计算技术》2001,23(4):295-298

作者在本文中将三维切片视为二维图像，利用图像边缘检测技术，检测出相干切片上断层多边形，并将其直接投影到测网底图上，用于构造成图。该项技术不仅提高了用相干切片解释断层的精度，而且提高了断层解释效率，使相干数据体技术在三维解释中的作用得到更大的发挥。实际应用表明，三维相干切片断层多边形检测技术，是全三维高精度解释的有力工具，提高了解释效率，缩短了解释周期。  相似文献   

郯庐断裂带中南段新生代玄武岩源区地幔特征及其演化   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  

牛漫兰  朱光  宋传中  王道轩  刘国生 《现代地质》2001,15(4):383-390

郯庐断裂带中南段新生代玄武岩随时代逐渐变新 ,碱性逐渐增强 ,轻、重稀土元素分离程度及不相容元素的富集程度也逐渐增强 ,Sr、Nd同位素组成越来越亏损。古地温线特征表明 ,断裂带之下的上地幔具有高的大地热流值。老第三纪拉斑玄武岩地幔源区主要以轻微富集的EMⅠ组分为主 ,新第三纪以来的碱性玄武岩来源于亏损地幔。研究区地幔源区随时间的演化受老第三纪软流圈上涌的影响 ,大量的深源流体对上部岩石圈地幔进行广泛的交代 ,从而使郯庐断裂带下面的岩石圈地幔出现不相容元素和LREE富集 ,且由轻微富集地幔转变为亏损地幔。  相似文献   

Crustal structure in and around the region of the 1995 Kobe Earthquake deduced from a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration     

Takeshi Ohmura  Takeo Moriya  Chengshi Piao  Takaya Iwasaki  Toshikastu Yoshi  Shin'ichi Sakai  Tetsuya Takeda  Kaoru Miyashita  Humihito Yamazaki  Kiyoshi Ito  Akira Yamazaki  Yoji Shimada  Katsuya Tashiro  Hiroki Miyamachi 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):215-227

Abstract The 1995 Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (M_JMA 7.2, M_w 6.9) occurred on Jan. 17, 1995, at a depth of 17 km, beneath the areas of southern part of Hyogo prefecture and Awaji Island. To investigate P-wave velocity distribution and seismological characteristics in the aftershock area of this great earthquake, a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration was carried out by the Research Group for Explosion Seismology (RGES) . The profile including 6 shot points and 205 observations was 135 km in length, extending from Keihoku, Northern Kyoto prefecture, through Kobe, to Seidan on Awaji Island. The charge of each shot was 350–700 kg. The P-wave velocity structure model showed a complicated sedimentary layer which is shallower than 2.5 km, a 2.5 km-thick basement layer whose velocity is 5.5 km/s, overlying the crystalline upper crust, and the boundary between the upper and lower crust.
Almost all aftershock hypocenters were located in the upper crust. However, the structure model suggests that the hypocenters of the main shock and some aftershock clusters were situated deeper than the boundary between the upper and lower crust. We found that the P-velocity in the upper crust beneath the northern part of Awaji Island is 5.64 km/s which is 3% lower than that of the surrounding area. The low-velocity zone coincides with the region where the high stress moment release was observed.  相似文献   

Strain and tilt changes measured during a water injection experiment at the Nojima Fault zone, Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kunio Fujimori  Hiroshi Ishii  Atsushi Mukai  Shigeru Nakao  Shigeo Matsumoto  Yasuhiro Hirata 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):228-234

Abstract In order to make geophysical and geological investigations of the Nojima Fault on Awaji Island, Japan, three boreholes measuring 1800 m, 800 m and 500 m deep were drilled into the fault zone. The fault is one of the seismic source faults of the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake of M 7.2. A new multicomponent borehole instrument was installed at the bottom of the 800 m borehole and continuous observations of crustal strain and tilt have been made using this instrument since May 1996. A high-pressure water injection experiment within the 1800 m borehole was done in February and March 1997 to study the geophysical response, behavior, permeability, and other aspects of the fault zone. The injection site was located approximately 140 m horizontally and 800 m vertically from the instrument. Associated with the water injection, contraction of approximately 0.7 × 10⁻⁷ str (almost parallel to the fault) and tilt of approximately 1 × 10^-7 rad in the sense of upheaval toward the injection site were observed. In addition to these controlled experiments, the strainmeter and tiltmeter also recorded daily variations. We interpret strain and tilt changes to be related to groundwater discharge and increased ultra-micro seismicity induced by the injected water.  相似文献   

Quaternary vertical offset and average slip rate of the Nojima Fault on Awaji Island, Japan   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Akihiro Murata  Keiji Takemura  Takao Miyata  Aiming Lin 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):360-367

Abstract Drilling was carried out to penetrate the Nojima Fault where the surface rupture occurred associated with the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Two 500 m boreholes were successfully drilled through the fault zone at a depth of 389.4 m. The drilling data show that the relative uplift of the south-east side of the Nojima Fault (south-west segment) was approximately 230 m. The Nojima branch fault, which branches from the Nojima Fault, is inferred to extend to the Asano Fault. From the structural contour map of basal unconformity of the Kobe Group, the vertical component of displacement of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault is estimated to be 260–310 m. Because the vertical component of displacement on the Nojima Fault of the north-east segment is a total of those of the Nojima Fault of the south-west segment and of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault, it is estimated to total to 490–540 m. From this, the average vertical component of the slip rate on the Nojima Fault is estimated to be 0.4–0.45 m/10³ years for the past 1.2 million years.  相似文献   

Crack-filling clays and weathered cracks in the DPRI 1800 m core near the Nojima Fault, Japan: Evidence for deep surface-water circulation near an active fault     

Shin-Ichi Uda  Aiming Lin  Keiji Takemura 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):439-446

Abstract Crack-filling clays and weathered cracks were observed in the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University (DPRI) 1800 m cores drilled from the Nojima Fault Zone, which was activated during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (Kobe earthquake). The crack-filling clays consist mainly of unconsolidated fine-grained materials that fill opening cracks with no shear textures. Most of the cracks observed in the DPRI 1800 m cores are yellow-brown to brown in color due to weathering. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses show that the crack-filling clays are composed mainly of clay minerals and carbonates such as siderite and calcite. Given that the top of the borehole is approximately 45 m above sea level, most of the core is far below the stable groundwater table. Hence, it is suggested that the crack-filling clays and weathered cracks in the cores taken at depths of 1800 m were formed by the flow of surface water down to the deep fractured zone of the Nojima Fault Zone during seismic faulting.  相似文献   

Evolution of 3D tectonic stress field and fault movement in North China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈连旺  陆远忠  郭若眉  许桂林  张杰 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(4):371-383

IntroductionThe research on stress field interior the Earth is an either relative old or young branch of geoscience. Early in the 20th century, in order to learn the state of inner stress field, a few scholars had used simple ideal model to analyze big scale tectonic conformations and activities according to tide, gravity, rotation and inner thermal materials. So far, lots of problems on the state of the Earth stress field have not been solved completely yet. The origin of stress field, the d…  相似文献   

青海省河南M_S5.1和玛沁M_S5.0地震后库玛断裂带的地震活动趋势研究          下载免费PDF全文

都昌庭  杨广华 《地震工程学报》2001,(2)

根据地震活动特征、大武地震台尾波持续时间及长宁、湟源和西宁 3个台水氡异常变化 ,讨论了 1 999年河南MS5 .1和玛沁MS5 .0地震发生后库玛断裂带的地震活动趋势 .结果表明 ,河南—玛沁地区的中强地震活动与库玛断裂带上的强震活动有明显的对应关系 ;在库玛断裂带中东段存在一个由ML ≥ 3.0地震围成的空区 ;上述2次地震发生后大武地震台尾波持续时间异常依然存在 ,长宁、湟源和西宁台水氡趋势异常仍然持续 .据此认为库玛断裂带存在发生强震的背景  相似文献   

Sinistral Strike-slip Movement Along Western Terminal Segment of the Active Daqingshan Piedmont Fault, Inner Mongolia, China     

Jiang Wali  Xiao Zhenmin  Wang Huanzhen 《中国地震研究》2001,15(1):15-24

There are 18 gullies displaying sinistral contortions to different degrees along the western terminal segment about 10 km long of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault near the Donghe District, Baotou City. The contortion amount of gullies ranges from 20 m to 300 m. The contortion and length of the gullies are in direct proportion. The relation between piedmont terraces and gullies indicates that the gullies with upper reaches of about 1 ～ 5 km long and those smaller than one kilometer were formed at the end of Late Pleistocene and Holocene.Meanwhile, sandy gravel layer of alluvial-proluvial sediment on the upthrown wall is directly in contact with yellow clayey sand of the downthrown wall. During the Holocene, the sinistral strike-slip rate along the western terminal segment of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault reached 5 mm/a from age data of dislocated sediments. The evolutional mechanism of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault is also discussed in the paper.  相似文献   

Pull-apart Basins and the Total Lateral Displacement Along the Haiyuan Fault Zone in Cenozoic   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tian Qinjian  Ding Guoyu  Shen Xuhui 《中国地震研究》2001,15(4):390-398

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