Genetic history of the population of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., under restoration in the Connecticut River, USA     

Ayllon  Fernando; Martinez  Jose L.; Juanes  Francis; Gephard  Stephen; Garcia-Vazquez  Eva 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(7):1286-1289

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江苏两万年来的古气候与海平面变化     

陈月秋 《海洋湖沼通报》1992,(4):1-5

本文从江苏两万年来的气温升降与海平面变化之间的联系,展开了讨论。把两万年分成七个时段。最后一个时段,即最近2000年来,又分成四个寒期与四个暖期。寒期与暖期是交替出现。世界上已有很多学者把各地的全新世海面变化的曲线分成三种类型,我省的全新世海面变化曲线属于Fairbridge曲线。  相似文献   

Linkages between Alaskan sockeye salmon abundance, growth at sea, and climate, 1955–2002     

G.T. Ruggerone  J.L. Nielsen  J. Bumgarner 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2776

We tested the hypothesis that increased growth of salmon during early marine life contributed to greater survival and abundance of salmon following the 1976/1977 climate regime shift and that this, in turn, led to density-dependent reductions in growth during late marine stages. Annual measurements of Bristol Bay (Bering Sea) and Chignik (Gulf of Alaska) sockeye salmon scale growth from 1955 to 2002 were used as indices of body growth. During the first and second years at sea, growth of both stocks tended to be higher after the 1976–1977 climate shift, whereas growth during the third year and homeward migration was often below average. Multiple regression models indicated that return per spawner of Bristol Bay sockeye salmon and adult abundance of western and central Alaska sockeye salmon were positively correlated with growth during the first 2 years at sea and negatively correlated with growth during later life stages. After accounting for competition between Bristol Bay sockeye and Asian pink salmon, age-specific adult length of Bristol Bay salmon increased after the 1976–1977 regime shift, then decreased after the 1989 climate shift. Late marine growth and age-specific adult length of Bristol Bay salmon was exceptionally low after 1989, possibly reducing their reproductive potential. These findings support the hypothesis that greater marine growth during the first 2 years at sea contributed to greater salmon survival and abundance, which in turn led to density-dependent growth during later life stages when size-related mortality was likely lower. Our findings provide new evidence supporting the importance of bottom-up control in marine ecosystems and highlight the complex dynamics of species interactions that continually change as salmon grow and mature in the ocean.  相似文献   

Modelling and forecasting long-term dynamics of Western Baltic macrobenthic fauna in relation to climate signals and environmental change   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Joachim Grger  Heye Rumohr 《Journal of Sea Research》2006,55(4):266-277

Long-term macrobenthos data from Kiel Bight in the Western Baltic collected between 1968 and 2000 have been correlated with the winter NAO index (North Atlantic Oscillation Index) and other environmental data such as temperature, salinity and oxygen content in the bottom water in order to detect systematic patterns related to so far unexplained abiotic signals in the dynamics of zoobenthic species assemblages. The benthos data come from a cluster of five stations (Süderfahrt/ Millionenviertel) in Kiel Bay. Our investigations concentrated on the macrobenthic dynamics with a focus on the number of species m^− 2 (species richness). Using logarithms and the time series analysis approach of Box/Jenkins (ARIMA modelling, transfer function modelling) it was shown that species richness was strongly influenced by the winter NAO (adjusted for a linear time trend within the 1968-2000 period) and salinity (with a shift/lag of four years). Bootstrapping experiments (i.e. sampling from the error process) and analysis of prediction power (by means of the one- or more-years leaving-out method) showed that the parameter estimates behaved in a stable way, leading to a relatively robust model.  相似文献   

The Bering Sea—A dynamic food web perspective     

Kerim Aydin  Franz Mueter   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2501

The Bering Sea is a high-latitude, semi-enclosed sea that supports extensive fish, seabird, marine mammal, and invertebrate populations and some of the world's most productive fisheries. The region consists of several distinct biomes that have undergone wide-scale population variation, in part due to fisheries, but also in part due to the effects of interannual and decadal-scale climatic variation. While recent decades of ocean observation have highlighted possible links between climate and species fluctuations, mechanisms linking climate and population fluctuations are only beginning to be understood. Here, we examine the food webs of Bering Sea ecosystems with particular reference to some key shifts in widely distributed, abundant fish populations and their links with climate variation. Both climate variability and fisheries have substantially altered the Bering Sea ecosystem in the past, but their relative importance in shaping the current ecosystem state remains uncertain.  相似文献   

0421号热带风暴"海马"登陆前后环境场对其移向和强度影响的分析     

赵凯  濮梅娟 《台湾海峡》2005,24(3):370-376

0421号热带风暴“海马(Haima)”于2004年9月13日12:00在浙江省温州市沿海登陆,登陆后迅速减弱为热带低压,20:00在浙江境内消失.本研究采用物理量诊断分析法,探讨该热带风暴登陆前后涡度场、湿焓场变化对其移向和强度的影响.结果表明,该热带风暴登陆后,涡度(ξ)明显减弱.涡度局地变化(ξ/t)值分布显示,风暴移动方向的后方,涡度减弱的趋势比前方涡度增大的趋势更剧烈;风暴有向其外围(ξ/t)正值中心(即涡度增幅最大)移动的趋势.该热带风暴登陆前、后,湿焓都增大,但登陆后湿焓增大趋势已大大减弱;风暴有向湿焓局地变化(E/t)正值中心移动的趋势,即向能量增强最大的方向移动.  相似文献   

Geographical distribution of fish catches and temperature variations in the northeast Atlantic since 1945     

Rögnvaldur Hannesson 《Marine Policy》2007

Warming of the northeast Atlantic is expected to affect the location and productivity of fish stocks. It is examined whether variations in catches of cod, herring, mackerel, anchovy and sardines in the ICES statistical areas are related to variations in ocean temperature. Temperatures at certain locations along the Norwegian coast are taken as proxies for temperatures in the Norwegian Sea and the North Sea. It is found that the catches of cod in the North Sea are inversely correlated with temperature and that recruitment and catches of cod in the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea are positively related to temperature. There is also some indication of a positive correlation between temperature and the catches of mackerel in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea, and between temperature and the catches of sardines in the North Sea.  相似文献   

北极海冰减少的气候效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

魏立新  张海影 《海洋预报》2005,22(Z1):56-61

本文采用了OSU两层大气环流模式对特定的北极海冰进行数值模拟,研究北极海冰减少的气候效应.试验中海温一律取为气候平均值,北极海冰作为外强迫源影响大气,大气响应完全是环流内部调整的结果.本文对北极海冰减少后的大气环流特征进行了分析,特别是与中国的气温和降水之间的关系.  相似文献   

呼伦湖的近期扩张及其与全球气候变化的关系   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

秦伯强  王苏民 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(3):280-287

通过近２０多年湖泊水量平衡分析发现，湖泊水位变化主要由湖盆内径流补给量的丰枯决定。进一步分析揭示，呼伦湖地区乃至整个东北地区，本世纪以来随气温升高，随水有增加的趋势。降水增加导致入湖径流量，湖水位上升，呼伦湖本世纪以来的扩张与内蒙古东部地区其他内陆湖泊的变化一致，但这在我国乃至整个亚洲内陆干旱或半干旱区是独一无二的，为此成为这一地区气候变化的指示器。  相似文献   

虾蟹海产品香味的前体物质的加热变化     

薛长湖  汪贻生  林洪  楼伟凤 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(4)

本文研究了虾蟹海产品香味的前体物质在加热前后的变化。实验结果表明：对虾和蟹肌肉中的糖原和不饱和脂肪酸在加热前后含量下降，糖原是Ｍａｉｌｌａｒｄ反应的基础物质．不饱和脂肪酸是虾蟹肌肉香味中羰基化合物的前体物质。虾蟹肌肉中主要积累的核苷酸成分ＡＭＰ在加热后减少，而肌肉提取物中的游离氨基酸和结合氨基酸，特别是疏水氨基酸含量均增加。  相似文献