Transport of water in frozen soil IV. Analysis of experimental results on the effects of ice content     

Yoshisuke Nakano  Allen Tice  Joseph Oliphant 《Advances in water resources》1984,7(2):58-66

Effects of ice content on the transport of water in frozen soil are studied experimentally and theoretically under isothermal conditions. A physical law, that the flux of water in unsaturated frozen soil is proportional to the gradient of total water content is proposed. Theoretical justification is made by the use of the two-phase flow theory. The experimental results are shown to support the proposed physical law. The results of this study are presented in two parts and this is the second paper describing the theoretical aspects of the study.  相似文献   

A case study of the improvement of soil moisture initialization in IAP-PSSCA   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

GUO Weidong  WANG Huijun 《大气科学进展》2003,20(5):845-848

A prediction system is employed to investigate the potential use of a soil moisture initialization scheme in seasonal precipitation prediction through a case study of severe floods in 1998. The results show that driving the model with reasonable initial soil moisture distribution is helpful for precipitation prediction,and the initialization scheme is easy to use in operational prediction.  相似文献   

地下水浅埋条件下冬小麦和大豆土壤水分动态预报模型研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

毛飞张佳华  卢志光金之庆 《应用气象学报》2003,14(4):479-486

用统计方法和水量平衡法推导出江淮地区潜水蒸发经验计算模型。利用农田水分平衡原理分别在江淮地区建立了引入潜水蒸发量和没有引入潜水蒸发量的冬小麦和大豆土壤水分动态预报模型,并对这两种模型在地下水浅埋条件下的预报准确度进行比较。1980年的比较结果是:当预报时效为10天时,两种作物7个时段的土壤水分平均绝对误差前者为8.2 mm,后者为20.1 mm,平均相对误差分别为2.8%和6.8%。引入潜水蒸发量后,冬小麦和大豆土壤水分动态预报模型的预报准确度明显提高。  相似文献   

土层结构对反应谱特征周期的影响   总被引：20，自引：3，他引：17  

薄景山  李秀领  刘德东  刘红帅 《地震工程与工程振动》2003,23(5):42-45

本文选取和构造了若干有工程意义的典型场地剖面,利用目前工程上广泛应用的场地地震反应分析的一维等效线性化波动方法,计算了在不同地震动输入下的不同场地剖面的地表加速度峰值和地表速度峰值。利用计算得到的地表加速度峰值和速度峰值计算了不同场地在不同地震动输入下的反应谱的特征周期。研究了不同土层结构对地表加速度反应谱特征周期的影响,获得了一些有意义的结果。  相似文献   

A remote sensing model for monitoring soil evaporation based on differential thermal inertia and its validation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张仁华  孙晓敏  朱治林  苏红波  唐新斋 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(4):342-355

To develop geosciences quantification and multi-dimensional researches will be an inevitable trend in the 21st century. The interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere not only serves as an important component in geosciences quantification, bu…  相似文献   

试论南昌—莲塘一带土壤环境地球化学特征及其环境质量   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

毛大发鄢新华  刘小兵王保林谢明明  李均辉 《地质与勘探》2003,39(3):72-77

通过对南昌——莲塘一带沉积环境、成土母质、土壤化学组分及酸碱性、土壤类型等特征的综合研究,指出区内土壤的成土母质存在一定的相近性,但受人为因素的影响,表土中大部分元素的分布、分配是不均匀的,可将本区划分为“一高两低”三个环境地球化学区;同时查明了该区土壤环境现状,对土壤环境质量进行了初步评价,认为区内土壤环境污染主要与人类活动有关,城区污染重于郊区,菜地污染重于农田。最后提醒人们应广泛关注该区的土壤环境质量,尽早采取有关举措,排除“化学定时炸弹”给人类造成的极大伤害。  相似文献   

RS技术在实时区域土壤侵蚀评价中的应用--以福建省花山溪流域为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

黄文义  陈刚  胡成 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2003,14(2):116-118,124

传统数据采集方法严重制约了土壤侵蚀评价实时、快速的要求。文章以福建花山溪流域为例,基于“通用土壤侵蚀方程式”(USLE)为土壤侵蚀定量评价模型,利用多时效、多光谱的遥感数据,在ERDAS8．5软件平台上,研究提取流域动态最易变化的植被、土地利用类型等信息的技术方法。研究结果证实,这种方法可以快速、准确地提取影响土壤侵蚀的基本参数．进而实现对区域流域土壤侵蚀的实时评价。  相似文献   

Influence of rainfall on the deformation and stability of a slope in overconsolidated clays: a case study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

E.?E.?AlonsoEmail author  A.?Gens  C.?H.?Delahaye 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(1):174-192

The behaviour of an instrumented unstable slope in a profile of weathered overconsolidated clay has been analysed. Available field investigation data and laboratory tests were integrated in a coupled hydromechanical model of the slope. Particular attention was given to the unsaturated soil conditions above the water table and to the influence of the rainfall record. Recorded pore-water pressures helped to identify the hydrogeological conditions of the slope. The coupled model was used to compute slope deformations and the variation of safety with time. Actual rainfall records were also integrated into the analysis. Comparison of measurements and calculations illustrate the nature of the slope instability and the complex relationships between mechanical and hydraulic factors. Electronic Publication  相似文献   

CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> processes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau     

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):429-437

In this paper, the CO2 concentrations profile from 1.5 m depth in soil to 32 m height in atmosphere were measured from July 2000 to July 2001 in an alpine grassland ecosystem located in the permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau, which revealed that CO2 concentrations varied greatly during this study period. Mean concentrations during the whole experiment in the atmosphere were absolutely lower than the CO2 concentrations in soil, which resulted in CO2 emissions from the alpine steppe soil to the atmosphere. The highest CO2 concentration was found at a depth of 1.5 m in soil while the lowest CO2 concentration occurred in the atmosphere. Mean CO2 concentrations in soil generally increased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the increasing soil moistures and decreasing soil pH, which induced the increasing biological activities with depth. Temporally, the CO2 concentrations at different layers in air remained a more steady state because of the atmospheric turbulent milking. During the seasonal variations, CO2 concentrations at surface soil interface showed symmetrical patterns, with the lowest accumulation of CO2 occurring in the late winter and the highest CO2 concentration in the growine seasons.  相似文献   

整地对栗钙土物理性质和杨树人工林苗木生长的影响     

段文标  陈立新  孙龙 《山地学报》2003,21(4):473-481

采用定位观测的方法,系统研究了不同整地规格对栗钙土的物理性质和杨树人工林苗木生长的影响.试验结果表明经整地后土壤物理性质总体上得到改善.但不同规格的整地对栗钙土土壤物理性质的改善程度和对杨树人工林苗木生长的促进作用是不同的.在当前的经济发展水平下,综合考虑整地后土壤物理性质的变化和苗木生长的实际效果,在栗钙土上应采用B规格的整地.  相似文献