我国太阳日总辐射计算方法的研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

曹雯  申双和 《南京气象学院学报》2008,31(4):587-591

对全国23个站点的日照时数、日最高气温、日最低气温、太阳日总辐射量等气象要素实测资料进行统计分析,利用回归分析法建立了以日照百分率和气温日较差为主要相关因子的各地日总辐射估算模型。结果表明：除了高原站拉萨以外,推算模型的复相关系数均介于0．80～0．93之间,拟合效果较好。在春、夏季使用独立的季节模型有一定的必要性,该方法适用于我国各地太阳日总辐射的推算,  相似文献   

A New Method of Automatic SVP Optimization Based on MOV Algorithm     

Dineng Zhao  Jieqiong Zhou  Jiabiao Li  Jihong Shang  Shoujun Li 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3):225-240

We applied the maximum offset of sound velocity algorithm to sound velocity profile streamlining and optimization to overcome multibeam survey and data-processing efficiency problems. The impact of sound velocity profile streamlining on sounding data accuracy is evaluated. By automatically optimizing the threshold, the reduction rate of sound velocity profile data can reach over 90% and the standard deviation percentage error of sounding data can be controlled to within 0.1%. The optimized sound velocity profile data improved the operational efficiency of the multi-beam survey and data postprocessing by 3.4 times, indicating that this algorithm has practical value for engineering applications.  相似文献   

植被指数对旱灾的响应研究—以中国西南地区2009年—2010年特大干旱为例   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

严建武  陈报章  房世峰  张慧芳  付东杰  薛晔 《遥感学报》2012,16(4):720-737

基于中国西南地区5个省(市)2001年—2010年期间由中分辨率成像光谱仪MODIS影像资料反演得到的归一化植被指数NDVI产品数据和区内气象站点的连续观测资料,提取了研究区内各气象站点印迹区的NDVI值,计算了降水距平百分率Pa和D指数(降水量与潜在蒸散量之差)这两种气象干旱指数。依据全国植被类型图(2000年版),对研究区内的主要植被类型在季节时间尺度上开展了这两种气象干旱指数与距平NDVI的相关性分析。研究结果表明:距平NDVI对D指数的最大响应滞后约一个月,在此尺度上表现出明显的线性相关性,所选取的6个季度的相关系数均接近或大于0.7,显著性水平小于0.01;对干旱敏感的植被类型如旱地和草地等,表现出更显著的相关性,其相关系数分别达到了0.83和0.71(平均);在干旱季节,D指数与距平NDVI表现出较为一致的空间分异规律,而Pa指数仅在旱情比较严重的情况下或对干旱比较敏感的植被类型区与距平NDVI表现出一致性分布。  相似文献   

NDVI像元二分模型在喀斯特地区提取石漠化中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶娇珑  何政伟  翁中银  夏朝旭 《地理空间信息》2012,10(4):134-136

石漠化现象是喀斯特地区最为严重的生态环境问题,越来越受到重视。此次实验以甘洛县为研究对象,运用NDVI像元二分模型结合3S手段,提取出了石漠化区域,并进行了等级划分。根据实地调查结果表明,该方法适用于喀斯特地区石漠化信息的提取,为石漠化研究及应对措施的制定提供理论依据。  相似文献   

基于GIS的武汉市危房管理系统建设与应用     

郑举汉  余本才  陈镇 《地理空间信息》2012,10(6):79-81,3

武汉市危房管理系统是武汉市"数字房产"建设的一个分支成果。该系统在建设的过程中科学地采用GIS技术对危房进行空间定位,并建立危房编码和危房地理信息资源平台,成功运用了房屋安全维护中的三维激光扫描技术及GIS平台上的房屋全生命周期跟踪管理等创新成果技术。  相似文献   

四川盆地中西部中侏罗统沉积相带展布及天然气勘探选区     

何政权 《四川地质学报》2009,29(2):127-131

川西坳陷中侏罗统的千佛崖、沙溪庙组是重要的油气勘探层位。通过沉积特征分析和对比,砂泥百分含量平面变化研究,建立了各亚段的沉积古地理面貌及可能的砂体叠合分布区。结合有利相带特征研究认为,千佛崖组的河床亚相或滨湖滩环境形成的砂、砾岩储集体具有相对较好的物性条件,沙溪庙组的储集砂体主要为辫状河道及三角洲前缘分流河道砂体,其它微相类型砂体较少见,在此基础上预测出了有利地区。  相似文献   

裂隙岩体块体化程度评价方法的若干问题修正     

陈庆发  牛文静  郑文师  刘俊广  尹庭昌  范秋雁 《岩土力学》2018,39(10):3727-3734

块体化程度是评价岩体完整性的一种新指标,能从三维角度表征岩体破碎程度,但目前该方法仍存在未充分考虑岩体切割程度及块体规模、未限定基础应用条件、块体化程度等级划分不合理等缺陷。针对上述缺陷,深入分析了其产生原因,并借鉴岩体切割程度、三维块度模数、体积RQD等计算原理,限定了块体体积百分比相关概念,提出了考虑岩体完整性块度尺寸效应的块体体积综合百分比计算方法,确立了块体化程度等级及分级指标取值依据,建立了修正的块体化程度评价方法。通过对比块体化程度评价修正方法、岩土工程规范对岩体完整性的划分结果,分析了修正方法的合理性。分别以广西铜坑矿锌多金属矿体、乌东德水电工程的块体研究数据为基础,开展了修正块体化程度评价方法的实例验证,结果表明：利用修正块体化程度评价方法计算的铜坑矿+255 m中段4#试验区岩体块体体积百分比为11.18%,属轻度块状化岩体;乌东德水电站PD49-1平硐、PD4支硐块体体积百分比分别为12.847%、10.168%,均属于轻度块状化岩体,岩体完整性程度为较完整级别。与现有块体化程度评价方法比较,修正方法计算的块体体积百分比能够更准确地从三维角度表征真实岩体的完整性。研究成果对精确刻画岩体三维完整性具有重要意义。  相似文献   

油气储层中自生伊利石K-Ar同位素年代学研究若干问题的初步探讨   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

张有瑜  罗修泉  宋健 《现代地质》2002,16(4):403-407

对油气储层中自生伊利石K Ar体系产生影响的有关问题如砂岩岩性、伊利石 /蒙皂石间层矿物的间层比和绿泥石进行了初步试验和讨论。结果表明 :中、细砂岩的应用效果相对较好 ,粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩则难度较大 ;I/S有序间层的应用效果相对较好 ,I/S无序间层则难度较大 ;绿泥石对自生伊利石K Ar体系测年结果的影响不明显。油气注入可能是引起伊利石成岩作用终止的原因之一。最后对各种典型年龄剖面可能的成因解释进行了简要介绍和初步探讨。  相似文献   

Hydrodynamics and suspended particulate matter retention in macrotidal estuaries located in Amazonia-semiarid interface (Northeastern-Brazil)     

《国际泥沙研究》2020,35(4):417-429

The aim of the current study was to determine the nature of the seasonal variability of the Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) fluxes from the drainage basin to the estuary in a macrotidal region (Northeastern Brazil), and the estuarine response to a seawater intrusion regarding sediment deposition, which will support the understanding of the global transport of materials at the continent-ocean interface. Thermohaline structure data was acquired using a Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth (CTD) probe with a sampling frequency of 4 Hz. Suspended particulate material was measured by gravimetric measurements applied to exact filtered volume samples. The outflows were measured through the use of an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) with frequency of 1.5 MHz. The horizontal thermal and saline gradients varied from warmer and less saline waters (2014) to cooler and saline waters (2015). The gradient behavior when linked to volume transport and SPM flows, suggests a minimization of the fluvial flows in 2015, easing the advance of coastal water (CW) towards the inner estuary, leading to an inversion of the baroclinic pressure gradient. The bottom saline front, generated by the entrance of coastal water masses, caused an increase in SPM concentrations due to increased fluid density, resuspension of previously deposited sediment, and erosion of banks. High concentrations of SPM indicate higher volume transport suggesting a hydraulic barrier due to the change/inversion of the baroclinic pressure gradient, resulting in water and material retention. Material deposition was observed during neap tide, while during spring tide the material is resuspended, increasing the concentration, generating cycles of deposition and erosion during the neap-spring tides. The sediment in suspension that reach the estuary, even with low fluvial volume, stay in this environment forming new islands because of deposition. High deposition rates or sediment cycling, if generated by the hydraulic barrier, may indicate that the flows of SPM from the continental drainage to the estuary and adjacent continental shelf are interrupted and the residence time is increased.  相似文献   

Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: implications for the continental crust   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

C. L. ROSENBERG  M. R. HANDY 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2005,23(1):19-28

A review and reinterpretation of previous experimental data on the deformation of partially melted crustal rocks reveals that the relationship of aggregate strength to melt fraction is non‐linear, even if plotted on a linear ordinate and abscissa. At melt fractions, Φ < 0.07, the dependence of aggregate strength on Φ is significantly greater than at Φ > 0.07. This melt fraction (Φ = 0.07) marks the transition from a significant increase in the proportion of melt‐bearing grain boundaries up to this point to a minor increase thereafter. Therefore, we suggest that it is the increase of melt‐interconnectivity that causes the dramatic strength drop between the solidus and a melt fraction of 0.07. We term this drop the ‘melt connectivity transition’ (MCT). A second, less‐pronounced strength drop occurs at higher melt fractions and corresponds to the breakdown of the solid (crystal) framework. This is the ‘solid‐to‐liquid transition’ (SLT), corresponding to the well known ‘rheologically critical melt percentage’. Although the strength drop at the SLT is about four orders of magnitude, the absolute value of this drop is small compared with the absolute strength of the unmelted aggregate, rendering the SLT invisible in a linear aggregate strength v. melt‐fraction diagram. On the other hand, the more important MCT has been overlooked in previous work because experimental data usually are plotted in logarithmic strength v. melt‐fraction diagrams, obscuring large strength drops at high absolute strength values. We propose that crustal‐scale localization of deformation effectively coincides with the onset of melting, pre‐empting attainment of the SLT in most geological settings. The SLT may be restricted to controlling flow localization within magmatic bodies, especially where melt accumulates.  相似文献