Biogeography of the genusArtemia (Crustacea,Branchiopoda, Anostraca) in Spain     

F. Amat  C. Barata  F. Hontoria  J. C. Navarro  I. Varó 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1994,3(2):175-190

This is an updated study on the biogeographic distribution of the populations of the genusArtemia (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) in Spain, with special focus on populations inhabiting salt lagoons and inland salterns. The populations recorded (40) belong to the bisexual speciesA. tunisiana and to the asexual groupA. parthenogenetica (diploid and tetraploid strains). They usually appear in three different hypersaline ecosystems: solar salterns and lagoons filled with sea water, solar salterns and lagoons containing brines of diluted mineral salts, and lagoons filled with athalassic (endorheic) brines. The brines in salinas are chemically characterized by high Cl^– concentrations, especially in inland salinas, whose brine sources are geologically associated with evaporitic formations developed in the Triassic and Lower Liassic of eastern Spain. Brines in athalassic lagoons, geologically associated with Mesozoic and Cenozoic periods, show higher levels of sulfate (up to 40–50%) as well as Mg²⁺. From a geographical point of view, bisexual and diploid asexual populations are mainly found in coastal and inland salinas or lagoons below 40° N, while asexual tetraploid populations are found in inland salinas and athalassic lagoons above that latitude. These populations have been biologically characterized by the morphology of their adults through multivariate analysis.  相似文献   

Riparian corridors of Eastern Oregon and Washington: Functions and sustainability along lowland-arid to mountain gradients     

Robert?C.?WissmarEmail author 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2004,66(4):373-387

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全球变化与陆地生态系统研究：回顾与展望   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

傅伯杰  牛栋  赵士洞 《地球科学进展》2005,20(5):556-560

全球变化与陆地生态系统相互关系的研究是国际地圈－生物圈计划（IGBP）的核心研究计划之一，也是整个全球变化的研究核心领域之一。该计划自上世纪八十年代启动以来，已经取得了一系列重要的研究成果，对于推动全球变化研究发挥了重要作用。中国学者在全球变化与陆地生态系统研究领域也开展了许多工作并取得了重要成绩。按照我国科学技术和社会经济发展的需求，本文提出了未来我国在该领域的研究重点，包括（1）中国陆地生态系统重要生命元素的代谢及其耦合机制研究；（2）全球变化敏感区域或重要样带上陆地生态系统对全球变化的影响研究；（3）我国的C、N、P、S生物地球化学循环与全球变化的关系研究；（4）发展中国特色的区域植被动态模型。  相似文献   

河流环境流量法研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

桑连海  陈西庆  黄薇 《水科学进展》2006,17(5):754-760

回顾了20世纪80年代以来,国内外在河流环境流量法方面的研究进展,包括研究现状、方法类别及发展趋势。在国外,从考虑单一水文要素的水文学法,到考虑多学科交叉的整体分析法,逐步建立起一套完整的方法研究体系,今后发展趋势是通过国际间的合作研究,开发满足不同国家国情和水情特点的综合环境流量法。在国内,研究尚处于起步阶段,大多停留在定性分析水平上,定量分析,计算比较简单,主要采用的是水文学法,如Tennant法、7Q10法等,今后的研究方向一方面要加强基础研究工作,另一方面要根据本国(或流域、或地区)特点开发出适合于国情和水情的环境流量法,研究地区也应从干旱半干旱的北方地区转移到水资源较为丰富的南方地区。  相似文献   

Wetland changes in Jianghan Plain and simulation with GIS     

ZHANG Huanhai Department of Geography  Daqing Teacher''s College  Daqing CHINA LIU Haiyan Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resources  Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing CHINA 《地理学报(英文版)》1998,(3)

Ｉ．ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓｐｌａｙａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｇｌｏｂａｌｃｈａｎｇｅ．Ｍｏｒｅａｎｄｍｏｒｅａｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｉｓｂｅｉｎｇｐａｉｄｔｏｃｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｉｍｐ...  相似文献   

铜陵矿区水系沉积物中重金属存在形态特征研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

张鑫  周涛发  袁峰  范裕 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

通过对铜陵水系沉积物重金属形态分析实验,研究了重金属各种形态在沉积物中分布特征。分析结果显示,矿区水系沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd等重金属含量都显著的高于对照样品,水系已经受到重金属的污染。提出了防治和改善铜陵地表水环境污染的措施。  相似文献   

Importance du choix des échelles de temps pertinentes pour l'étude du fonctionnement d'écosystèmes marins littoraux     

Nathaniel Bensoussan  Jean-Claude Romano  Bouazza El-Haikali  Michel-Guy Lafont 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(10):909-918

Semi-continuous (1/30 min) records of physicochemical parameters (T,S, DO and pH) have been measured at 1.50 m in Mediterranean coastal waters (Marseilles) from 1998 to 2000, together with meteorological parameters. Physicochemical data were studied in order to synthesise the information at different time scales (inter-annual, season, day, hour), particularly the semi-conservative DO and pH response to hydroclimatic variables. At a daily time scale, important circadian dynamic has been measured under all circumstances with a strong reactivity to irradiance change under the influence of biological activity. This work may contribute to the definition of new tools for coastal waters observation. To cite this article: N. Bensoussan et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

Soil–vegetation relationships in a coastal desert plain of southern Sinai, Egypt     

Monier M. Abd El-Ghani  Wafaa M. Amer 《Journal of Arid Environments》2003,55(4):607-628

The present study provides an analysis of soil, vegetation types as well as structure and species distribution in 19 sites in El-Qaa plain along the Gulf of Suez (south Sinai, Egypt), and focuses on the environmental factors that control the species distribution. A total of 203 species belonging to 39 families of the vascular plants are recorded. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae are the largest families. Grasses constitute only 9% of the recorded species, while the woody perennials (shrubs and sub-shrubs) are highly dominated (46%). Therophytes and chamaephytes are the most frequent, denoting a typical desert life-form spectrum. Floristic composition in the different geomorphologic landscape units showed differences in species richness. The highest mean species richness of 19.7±1.7 is recorded in the wadi channels. The lowest species richness values are recorded in the coastal shore and playas (6.0±1.4) and in the alluvial fans (mean of 8.4±1.6 species). Chorological analysis revealed that 46% of the studied species are uniregional, being native to the Saharo-Arabian region. On the other hand, about 50% of the recorded species are biregional and pluriregional, extending their distribution all over the Saharo-Arabian, Sudano-Zambezian, Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean regions. Classification of the vegetation is analysed using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) techniques resulted in the recognition of five vegetation groups, each of definite vegetation and soil characters, and could be linked to a specific geomorphologic unit. Capparis spinosa var. spinosa occupied the terraces, Cornulaca monacantha, Convolvulus lanatus and Deverra tortuosa inhabited the alluvial plains, Launaea nudicaulis and Artemisia judaica characterized the wadi channels, Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana and Leptadenia pyrotechnica characterized the alluvial fans and Tamarix nilotica, Zygophyllum album and Nitraria retusa on the playas and the coastal shore. Ordination techniques as detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) are used to examine the relationship between the vegetation and studied soil parameters. Nine soil variables are included: electrical conductivity, pH, calcium carbonate, gypsum, organic matter, gravel, fine soil fractions and soil saturation percentage. Analysis with DCA gave results similar to CCA, suggesting that there is a relatively high correspondence between vegetation and soil factors. DCA axis 1 showed significant positive correlation with CaCO₃, pH, soil saturation and organic matter, and interpreted as a calcium carbonate—soil saturation gradient. DCA axis 2 showed significant correlation with pH, gypsum and electric conductivity, and interpreted as an electric conductivity—gypsum gradient. Application of CCA indicated that soil surface sediment, CaCO₃, soil saturation, pH and organic matter are the main operating edaphic gradients in the area. These gradients are related closely to the first three canonical axes, and accounted for 67% of the species–environment relationship among the sites.  相似文献   

西藏那曲地区畜牧业生态系统功能评价     

李祥妹 《山地学报》2002,20(6):701-705

畜牧业生态系统功能评价是进行草地系统保护与管理、防治草地退化的前提，是畜牧业系统优化和持续发展的根本。为此，以西藏自治区那曲地区草地为研究对象，通过设立评价指标，建立多因子评价模式，采用三角分析法对区域内畜牧业生态系统的社会、经济、生态功能进行综合评价。为区域畜牧业未来发展提供依据。  相似文献   

气候变化对中亚草地生态系统碳循环的影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

韩其飞  陆研  李超凡 《干旱区地理》2018,41(6):1351-1357

准确评估草地生产力、碳源/碳汇功能,分析气候变化对草地生态系统碳循环的影响,对于草地资源的合理开发和有效保护至关重要。选取对气候变化以及人类干扰高度敏感的中亚干旱区草地生态系统为研究对象,利用Biome-BGC模型,模拟分析其NPP、NEP的年际变化趋势及其空间分布格局。结果显示：（1）1979-2011年中亚地区草地生态系统NPP年平均值为135.6 gC·m^-2·a^-1,且随着时间的推移呈现出波动下降的趋势,下降速率为0.34 gC·m^-2·a^-1。（2）NEP的年平均值为-8.3 gC·m^-2·a^-1,表现为碳源,且该值随着时间的推移呈现出波动上升的趋势,上升速率为0.58 gC·m^-2·a^-1。（3）NPP高值区域在降水较为丰富的天山山脉附近以及哈萨克斯坦北部。（4）NPP的年际变化与降水量的年际变化趋势基本一致,相关系数为0.52;NPP与温度的相关系数为-0.28,未达到显著相关水平。本研究实现了Biome-BGC模型在中亚干旱区草地生态系统的应用,对评价干旱区草地生态系统碳源/碳汇功能及其在全球碳循环和全球变化中的作用、实现中亚草地生态系统的可持续利用、完善区域和全球碳循环理论体系具有重要意义。  相似文献