全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2450篇 |
免费 | 385篇 |
国内免费 | 402篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 183篇 |
大气科学 | 400篇 |
地球物理 | 788篇 |
地质学 | 841篇 |
海洋学 | 166篇 |
天文学 | 582篇 |
综合类 | 118篇 |
自然地理 | 159篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 65篇 |
2021年 | 64篇 |
2020年 | 77篇 |
2019年 | 82篇 |
2018年 | 56篇 |
2017年 | 72篇 |
2016年 | 87篇 |
2015年 | 96篇 |
2014年 | 114篇 |
2013年 | 116篇 |
2012年 | 98篇 |
2011年 | 120篇 |
2010年 | 109篇 |
2009年 | 172篇 |
2008年 | 157篇 |
2007年 | 215篇 |
2006年 | 220篇 |
2005年 | 145篇 |
2004年 | 162篇 |
2003年 | 136篇 |
2002年 | 134篇 |
2001年 | 99篇 |
2000年 | 101篇 |
1999年 | 103篇 |
1998年 | 93篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 59篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 58篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3237条查询结果,搜索用时 468 毫秒
11.
Ignacio Ferreras Alessandro Melchiorri Domenico Tocchini-Valentini 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,344(1):257-261
The age of the Universe has been increasingly constrained by different techniques, such as the observations of type Ia supernovae (SNIa) at high redshift or dating the stellar populations of globular clusters. In this paper, we present a complementary approach using the colours of the brightest elliptical galaxies in clusters over a wide redshift range ( z ≲ 1) . We put new and independent bounds on the dark energy equation of state parametrized by a constant pressure-to-density ratio w Q and by a parameter (ξ) which determines the scaling between the matter and dark energy densities. We find that accurate estimates of the metallicities of the stellar populations in moderate and high-redshift cluster galaxies can pose stringent constraints on the parameters that describe dark energy. Our results are in good agreement with the analysis of dark energy models using SNIa data as a constraint. Accurate estimates of the metallicities of stellar populations in cluster galaxies at z ≲ 2 will make this approach a powerful complement to studies of cosmological parameters using high-redshift SNIa. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
Using a set of compilations of measurements for extragalactic radio sources, we construct all-sky maps of the Faraday rotation produced by the Galactic magnetic field. In order to generate the maps, we treat the radio source positions as a kind of 'mask' and construct combinations of spherical harmonic modes that are orthogonal on the masked sky. As long as relatively small multipoles are used, the resulting maps are quite stable to changes in the selection criteria for the sources, and show clearly the structure of the local Galactic magnetic field. We also suggest the use of these maps as templates for cosmic microwave background (CMB) foreground analysis, illustrating the idea with a cross-correlation analysis between the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) data and our maps. We find a significant cross-correlation, indicating the presence of a significant residual contamination. 相似文献
16.
17.
Experimental solidification of anhydrous latitic and trachytic melts at different cooling rates: The role of nucleation kinetics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gianluca Iezzi Silvio Mollo Guido Ventura Andrea Cavallo Claudia Romano 《Chemical Geology》2008,253(3-4):91-101
Two sets of cooling experiments were run at atmospheric conditions for two anhydrous starting latitic and trachytic melts: 1) five cooling rates (25, 12.5, 3, 0.5, and 0.125 °C/min) between 1300° and 800 °C, and 2) a 0.5 °C/min cooling rate from 1300 °C with quench temperatures at 1200°, 1100°, 1000° and 900 °C. Trachytic run-products are invariably glassy. Nucleation is also suppressed in the latitic run-products at the three highest cooling rates. Conversely, in the 0.5 and 0.125 °C/min runs, latites have a crystal content of 90 vol.%. The phases are: plagioclase, clinopyroxene, glass and iron-bearing oxide (in order of abundance). The variable quench temperatures, investigated by coupling experiments with Pt wire and Pt capsule sample containers in set 2, again did not produce crystallization of trachyte, whereas latitic samples are characterized by 10 vol.% of oxides, pyroxenes and plagioclase (in order of appearance), at temperature < 1000 °C. Effects of (preferential) heterogeneous nucleation on sample holders, of superheating degree, and chemical species loss during cooling are absent for both melt compositions. The difference of solidification paths between these two silicate melts can be ascribed only to their small chemical differences. In comparison with calculated equilibrium conditions all the experimental latitic and trachytic run-products revealed strong kinetic effects, interpretable in the light of the nucleation theory. The glass-forming ability (GFA) of trachyte is higher, whereas their critical cooling rate (Rc) is lower (< 0.125 °C/min), in comparison to latitic melts (Rc > 0.5 °C/min). The experimental results carried out in this study can be applied to lava flows and domes; trachytic lavas are able to flow for longer period with respect to latitic ones in a metastable condition. Glass-rich terrestrial lavas, i.e. obsidians, can be the result of sluggish nucleation kinetics due to the relative high polymerisation of evolved silicate melts. 相似文献
18.
19.
The Cambrian-Vendian groundwater body plays an important role in drinking water supply of capital Tallinn and other settlements
in northern Estonia. Water quality in this deep-seated confined groundwater body is influenced by the intrusion of present-day
seawater and pumping-induced upward migration of deeper saline groundwater. The aim of this study is to evaluate the threshold
values applying the methodology worked out within the EU 6th FP project “Background criteria for the identification of groundwater
thresholds (BRIDGE)” and to compare the results with the values proposed by local authorities. A database containing 250 monitoring
points was completed and used for the calculation of natural background levels (as the 90 and 97.7 percentile) in groundwater.
The calculation of threshold values is based on natural background levels and reference values. In case of Cambrian-Vendian
groundwater body the receptor is drinking water, thus limit values set by Estonian drinking water standard were used as reference
values. The threshold values proposed by local authorities are more or less the same as calculated by BRIDGE methodology.
Exceptionally different values are derived in case of chloride and ammonium. 相似文献
20.
根据大亚湾的自然条件认为,大亚湾沉积物的物质来源是其周围集水区的岩石风化壳,并计算了其风化壳中重金属元素的平均丰度值;又根据沉积物的粒度和深层沉积物重金属元素的含量资料,列方程计算出湾内沉积物中重金属元素的平均含量,根据这两组数据,确定该区域内重金属元素的平均背景值。再通过粒度关系,计算得出大亚湾内各站沉积物中重金属元素的背景值。应用此结果和大亚湾沉积物重金属元素实测结果,计算了由人为影响带入沉积物中的重金属元素含量,了解其受污染的程度。 相似文献