Damage Survey of Water Supply Systems and Fragility Curve of PVC Water Pipelines in the Chi–Chi Taiwan Earthquake     

Ban-Jwu Shih  Che-Hao Chang 《Natural Hazards》2006,37(1-2):71-85

Substantial damage to water supply systems, including water delivery pipelines, water treatment plants, reservoirs, and water storage tanks, was reported after the 1999 Chi–Chi Taiwan Earthquake. This paper first summarizes the damage survey and then presents the results of seismic fragility analysis for underground pipelines. Construction blueprints of the water delivery pipelines and repair work orders of 11 townships and cities in the disastrous area were digitized into a Geographical Information System (GIS) for analysis and assessment. With the aid of the GIS system, we found that PVC pipes made up 86% of water delivery pipelines while steel, cast iron, ductile iron, PE and others took the rest. Therefore, this paper focuses on the fragility analysis of PVC pipes. Three different methods were applied to derive the fragility relations between the PVC water pipes having nominal diameters (approximately inner diameters) greater than or equal to 65 mm and earthquake intensity parameters such as peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity. The results were then examined with those of other countries. The discrepancy between our results and the empirical equation used by HAZUS, an earthquake loss estimation software developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency was not significant.  相似文献   

The 1786 earthquake-triggered landslide dam and subsequent dam-break flood on the Dadu River, southwestern China — Reply     

F.C. Dai  C.F. Lee  J.H. Deng  L.G. Tham 《Geomorphology》2006,73(3-4):277-278

A short reply to discussion by Chanson.  相似文献   

Organizational Dynamics of the U.S. Logistics Industry: An Economic Geography Perspective*     

Yuko Aoyama  Samuel Ratick  Guido Schwarz 《The Professional geographer》2006,58(3):327-340

Although the logistics industry provides critical services to all sectors of the economy, few studies exist in economic geography that examine and explain the organizational dynamics of this industry. This article highlights the significance of the logistics industry in contemporary industrialization and argues that an enriched understanding of the interaction between technology and space can be achieved by examining the evolution of an industry that plays a central role in the contemporary economy. We focus on dimensions that are identified as particularly important: organizational, geographic, and risk and security.  相似文献   

The effects of hazard zone information on judgements about earthquake damage     

Michael Crozier  John McClure  Jessica Vercoe  Marc Wilson 《Area》2006,38(2):143-152

This study investigates the extent to which people's views on the causes and preventability of earthquake damage might be influenced by their degree of exposure to hazard as well as what information they have been given about the hazard. The results show that the provision of hazard zoning information influences judgements on preventability and causes of damage, but this effect depends on the degree of hazard faced by residents. In low hazard zones, information leads to the view that causes are manageable, whereas in high hazard zones information may induce a degree of fatalism. The use of public information in risk management needs to take into account the degree of risk faced by the recipients.  相似文献   

Spatial assessment and redesign of a groundwater quality monitoring network using entropy theory, Gaza Strip, Palestine   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Y. Mogheir  V. P. Singh  J. L. M. P. de Lima 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(5):700-712

Using entropy theory, a methodology was developed for the evaluation and redesign of groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip in Palestine. Essential to the methodology is the development of a Transinformation Model (TM) which yields the amount of information transfer and the dependency between the wells as a function of distance. The TM parameters, such as the minimum transinformation and the range, were employed for evaluating the network which revealed that most of the distances between wells were less than the range. It also indicated that a high percentage of redundant information existed in the network. Therefore, the network was reduced by superimposing a square pattern over the monitored area and selecting one well per square block in a stratified pattern. The methodology was tested using the chloride data collected from 1972–2000 from 417 groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip. The number of the groundwater quality monitoring wells in the Gaza Strip was reduced by 53%, while there was 26% redundant information based on the minimum existing distance between wells. This methodology is meant to help monitor the groundwater quality (salinity) in the Gaza Strip.  相似文献   

基于asp的宏观前兆信息在线管理系统     

叶应树  郑黎辉  王枚玲  陈光 《福建地震》2006,(Z1)

本文经过对宏观前兆信息的报送、管理等有关事项的考察和分析,确立了宏观前兆信息管理系统的具体实现功能。并阐述了系统的体系结构和功能模块的设计,实现宏观前兆信息的在线添加和系统的在线管理。经过授权的用户可以通过Web浏览器,以人机交互式的客户端程序,实现对宏观前兆信息的在线添加、管理、查询和统计等功能。  相似文献   

基于LSB的遥感图像安全传输模型     

闵连权 《测绘工程》2005,14(1):11-14

互联网在方便人们交流、共享信息的同时,也带来了极大的安全问题.信息隐藏是解决信息安全的一种有效手段,研究采用LSB法实现重要目标遥感图像信息的隐藏,实验证明该方法可以有效地解决网上图像传输出现的安全问题.  相似文献   

基于GIS/MIS/OA的短周期工业原料林经营模式研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

唐代生  边馥苓  朱志正  李重立 《测绘信息与工程》2005,30(1):12-14

提出了短周期工业原料林经营模式的概念,探讨了短周期工业原料林经营模式的体系结构、子系统功能和主要林业数表类型,说明其与GIS/MIS/OA系统集成的必然趋势,并以岳阳纸业股份公司的纸浆原料林为例进行了实例分析。  相似文献   

MODIS数据在广西生态环境监测及评价中的应用方法   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李水明  舒宁 《测绘信息与工程》2005,30(1):40-42

利用MODIS数据广西遥感影像,用监督分类法做出了地物覆盖分类图,用主成分分析法做出了土壤侵蚀强度图和生态环境质量综合评价指数图。  相似文献   

VML在WebGIS图形显示中的应用研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周泽兵 《测绘信息与工程》2005,30(3):12-13

针对目前被动式WebGIS地图显示的局限,提出了引入VML的解决办法,使客户端容易实现矢量地图显示、地物动态变化显示、专题制图显示等,丰富了WebGIS的地图表现方式。  相似文献