湖南省桂东县自然资源特征及其可持续发展研究     

谢玉华  吴甫成  郭建平  熊建安 《热带地理》2007,27(6):548-552

湖南省桂东县处于边远山区,经济发展水平低,为国家级贫困县。但其自然资源丰富,生态环境质量良好,旅游资源独具特色。通过对边远山区县资源环境特点和经济发展现状的分析,提出了促进地区可持续发展的建议:调整产业结构,在发展超级稻和优质稻基础上,发展具有地方特色的药、菜、茶、果、烟,外加楠竹和园艺的种植业,发展以牛、羊等草食性牲畜为主的养殖业;发展小水电和以电力为基础的电化工业及农产品加工业;发展红色旅游和休闲度假相结合的生态旅游业;加强生态环境保护力度,以促进桂东区域经济的可持续发展。  相似文献   

厦门无居民海岛猴屿生态修复研究与实践     

廖连招 《福建地理》2007,(2)

对厦门市无居民海岛猴屿进行生态退化主要原因诊断和生态修复制约因子评估方面的研究,从生物技术和工程技术结合上,提出工程护岸护坡、客土改良、乔-灌-草合理配置及种植品种选择、生态修复管理等生态保育和生态重建措施.部分措施已经有关方面采纳取得较好效果.  相似文献   

湿地生态风险管理   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡珍  聂华 《湿地科学与管理》2007,3(4):50-53

结合生态学相关知识,将生态风险管理具体应用到湿地的生态风险管理中。从湿地生态风险管理过程的规划、管理目标、生态风险评估、风险处理等方面对湿地生态风险管理进行了探讨。在湿地生态风险评价过程中进一步运用经济学方法进行了湿地风险综合分析,使湿地生态风险管理更有效。对于湿地生态风险管理,应根据不同的风险程度采取不同的措施或者方法,提出了4种湿地风险管理措施。  相似文献   

PRINCIPLES OF RIVER TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT     

Zhaoyin WANG Shimin TIAN Yujun YI Guoan YU 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(4):247-262

River regulation and river training have been performed for various purposes and negative effects have been shown in numerous cases. In some cases the negative effects are so serious that humans have to consider to "renaturalize" the regulated rivers. Only by using the strategy of integrated river management the diverse river uses and natural fluvial processes and ecological systems may be harmonized. Based on analysis of case studies and data collected from literatures this paper presents the concept of integrated river management and four principles of river training. The integrated river management comprises: 1) taking the watershed, upper stream basin including the tributaries, middle and lower reaches and the estuary as an integrated entity in the planning, design and management; and 2) mitigating or controlling the negative impacts on hydrology, erosion and sedimentation, fluvial processes, land use and river use, environment and ecology while in achieving economic benefit from water resources development, flood safety management and hydropower exploitation. River training and management should be in accordance with the four principles: 1) extending the duration of river water flowing on the continent, which may be achieved by extending the river course or reducing the flow velocity; 2) controlling various patterns of erosions and reducing the sediment transportation in the rivers; 3) increasing the diversity of habitat and enhancing the connectivity between the river and riparian waters; and 4) restoring natural landscapes.  相似文献   

湖南土地资源可持续利用的生态安全评价   总被引：41，自引：0，他引：41  

张建新  邢旭东等 《湖南地质》2002,21(2):119-121

生态安全是土地可持续利用的基础，土地生态安全评价是土地可持续利用研究的前沿课题。以湖南省14个地州市为样本，从1999年社会经济和土地生态环境压力、土地生态环境质量、土地生态环境保护和整治能力等方面的运行数据中选取人口密度、城镇化水平、人均耕地等24个指标，采用均方差客观赋权，从各指标的统计特征值及全国的平均值出发，确定本省的生态安全评价阈值S，计算各地市多指标加权综合评价值，试图对本省土地生态安全进行客观综合评价。  相似文献   

海南省三亚市的生态环境建设     

陈朝辉 《热带地理》2001,21(3):202-206,222

三亚市位于海南岛最南部，具有得天独厚的生态环境优势。近20年来，生态环境建设虽取得初步成效，但问题也较突出，如林业尚存隐患，耕地锐减，水域受蚕食和局部环境恶化，城市绿化美化不足等。生态环境建设面临的任务主要是：合理布局城镇，建设具有经济－生态良性循环的城乡体系；完善林业生态体系建设，建成强有力的陆地生态支柱；保护好水体环境，搞好碧水工程建设；保护耕地、保证农业持续发展；整治环境，提高环境质量。为此必须采取相应措施。  相似文献   

论西北地区生态环境建设问题与战略   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：9  

张志强  程国栋 《干旱区地理》2001,24(3):243-250

分析评价了西北地区生态环境的基本现状，指出了影响生态环境改善的最大制约因素。在反思了过去生态环境建设的教训的基础上，提出了西北地区生态环境建设的目标。分析了当前大规模的生态环境建设中面临的亟待研究和解决的有关问题，并指出对这些问题的有效解决有助于构建生态建设的科学和社会支撑体系。最后，提出了生态建设和保护的若干对策建议。  相似文献   

基于TM图像的城市生态绿地格局分析与评价   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郭程轩  甄坚伟 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(3):33-36

通过对遥感图像的校正、增强、变换和相关性分析等预处理,实现了TM图像的信息提取和精度分析。结果表明,基于TM图像的遥感分析与评价方法能够准确描述城市生态绿地格局在宏观和微观方面的基本特征。  相似文献   

陕甘宁接壤区气候暖干化及其生态环境意义   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

杨新  延军平 《地球科学进展》2003,18(1):127-132

应用陕甘宁接壤区1951-2000年气温、降水及1956-2000年陕甘宁接壤区 7条主要河流径流量实测记录,在实地调研的基础上对气象数据和水文数据分析后得出结论,陕甘宁接壤区近年来气候呈现暖干化趋势,全区增温线性倾向值为 0．194℃／10 a,高于全球近百年的趋势（0．05℃／10 a）,区内增温趋势强弱差异显著。陕甘宁接壤区气候变干表现在 2个方面：①年降水量减少;②地表径流量减少。降水线性倾向值平均为－1．0759 mm／a,地表径流总量1956-2000年减少速率为 0．4844 m³／a。陕甘宁接壤区生态环境在暖干化的气候背景下继续恶化,生态贫水化严重,水土流失加剧,沙漠扩大。  相似文献   

Environmental history of an urban lake: a palaeolimnological study of Lake Jyväsjärvi, Finland     

Jarmo J. Meriläinen  Juhani Hynynen  Arja Palomäki  Keijo Mäntykoski  Allan Witick 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(4):387-406

Sedimentary diatom frustules and chironomid remains, in addition to the chemical stratigraphy of 32 elements and organic pollutants such as resin acids, PCB, DDT and its metabolites, were studied from core samples taken from Lake Jyväsjärvi in Central Finland (64° 14 N, 25° 47 E). The sediment profile covered over 200 years, with the oldest samples representing a period of very low human interference. The town of Jyväskylä was established on the lake shore in 1837, and the lake received untreated municipal wastewater from the town up until, 1977. A paper mill started operations in 1872 and began discharging effluent into Lake Jyväsjärvi. In recent years this effluent loading has been reduced. Based on the biological and chemical properties of the sediment strata, five developmental phases were distinguished and named as follows: (1) a pre-industrial phase (approximately up until the 1860s); (2) a phase of early changes in the lake ecosystem (from the 1870s to ca. 1940s); (3) a phase of increasing eutrophication (from ca. 1950 to ca. 1965); (4) a phase of severe pollution (from ca. 1966 to the early-1990s); and (5) a phase of recovery, which proceeded more quickly during the late-1990s following long-term hypolimnetic aeration. It was estimated that the ecological status of the lake changed from good to moderate during the second phase. Due to the poor chemical status of the lake (including increased concentrations of harmful substances) and the pronounced changes in diatom and chironomid communities, the ecological status from 1950 to the early-1990s was classified as bad. The present ecological status, after a slow recovery of about 20 years, can be classified as moderate/poor. Chemical analysis of the sediment revealed that some elements (C, N, P, S, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni and Zn) followed the known history of municipal waste water discharge into the lake, but Hg, Cr and persistent organic pollutants had different stratigraphies, and therefore mainly originated from other sources. Pronounced changes in profundal benthic communities (chironomids) started about 80 years later than those in diatoms, but later changes in chironomid assemblages were greater than those in diatoms.  相似文献