油气电法勘探综述     

郑秀芬  李金铭 《地球物理学进展》1997,12(2):89-96

在直接找油气的物探方法中，电法作为一类重要的非地震地球物理方法，越来越受到人们的重视与关注。本文对其中几种主要的方法，如激发极化法、电场差分法和自然电场法等，从原理、发展概况和应用效果方面进行了简要论述。另外，对用来解决地质构造问题的非直接找油气的建场测探法、大地电磁法和可控源音频大地电磁法等，本文也作了扼要介绍。  相似文献   

湖北襄樊—福建罗源的大地电磁测量与地壳上地幔电性特征研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

邓前辉  刘国栋  刘金汉  张木生  汤吉  王关勇 《地震地质》1990,12(2):149

湖北襄樊—福建罗源一千多公里的剖面上作了23个大地电磁测深点。该剖面穿过不同的地质构造单元。 大地电磁测深的结果清楚地反映了剖面内地壳和上地幔的电性结构特征。例如构造单元的形态、边界、断层位置、地壳和上地幔的高导层发育情况等。结果对于了解该区的深部构造背景、探讨深浅构造之间的关系提供了有益信息  相似文献   

地面电法在巴林左旗扶贫凿井工程中的应用     

高文明  许海  赵宝忠  刘全国  于洋 《城市地质》2016,(3):79-82

巴林左旗是我国水资源严重缺乏的地区之一。本文介绍了利用地面电法,在巴林左旗扶贫凿井工作中确定井位。扶贫工作组首先在测区进行水文地质踏勘,并向当地群众了解一些凿井情况,运用水文地质方法分析初步适宜凿井的地点,再布置地面电法工作,进而依据测深曲线的解释资料确定井位,最后通过实际凿井工作来对物探工作加以验证。工作过程中,灵活运用水文、地质理论知识,通过实践,丰富了找水经验,强化了理论知识的掌握。  相似文献   

灰色系统在电敏感区法粒度分析曲线外推技术中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

姚胜初 《海洋科学》1993,17(3):63-66

根据TAI型库尔特计数器单管粒度分析结果,利用灰色系统建立GM(1,1)预测模型,对样品频率曲线进行外推处理,可获得小于仪器基线通道阈值颗粒的体积百分比含量,并将结果与入重-出重法测定结果进行对比,精度较高。为电敏感区法粒度分析资料的外推处理提供了新的方法。  相似文献   

Groundwater-recharge estimation using a surface electrical resistivity method in the Himalayan foothill region, India     

M. Israil  Mufid al-hadithi  D. C. Singhal  Bhism Kumar 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(1-2):44-50

A new method for the estimation of groundwater recharge is presented using a surface resistivity method and isotope technique. A linear relationship was obtained between the resistivity of the unsaturated top layer and the recharge estimated using a tritium tagging technique for the piedmont zone in the Himalayan foothill region, India. The relation can be used for the estimation of recharge using surface electrical resistivity measurements for the same geological formation. The data used for the study are 32 vertical electrical resistivity sounding measurements at a station interval of 2 km, tritium tagging studies at six selected sites and pre- and post-monsoon water-level monitoring in the piedmont zone of the Himalayan foothill region (India). The results of this study were mapped using GIS techniques. In the study area, a well-defined empirical relationship between unsaturated zone resistivity and recharge per cent was obtained. The method suggests a new application of surface electrical resistivity data in determining recharge per cent due to infiltration. The technique of estimating groundwater recharge using surface electrical resistivity measurement is efficient, economic, less time consuming and easy to use compared with other methods used for this purpose.

---

Resumen Se presenta un método nuevo para estimar recarga de agua subterránea utilizando un método superficial de resistividad y una técnica de isótopos. Se ha obtenido una relación linear entre la resistividad de la capa superior no saturada y la recarga estimada utilizando la técnica de tritio marcado etiquetado para la zona de piedemontes en la región de colinas al pie del Himalaya, India. La relación puede utilizarse para estimar recarga usando mediciones superficiales de resistividad eléctrica para la misma formación geológica. Los datos utilizados en el estudio consisten de treinta y dos mediciones de sondeos eléctricos verticales de resistividad en un intervalo de estaciones de dos km, estudios de tritio marcado en seis sitios seleccionados y monitoreo de niveles de agua, pre-monzón y post-monzón, en la zona piedemontes de la región de colinas al pie del Himalaya (India). Se mapearon los resultados de este estudio utilizando técnicas SIG. Se obtuvo para el área una relación empírica bien definida entre la resistividad de la zona no saturada y el porcentaje de recarga. El método sugiere una aplicación nueva de los datos superficiales de resistividad eléctrica en la determinación del porcentaje de recarga ocasionado por infiltración. La técnica de estimar recarga de agua subterránea utilizando mediciones superficiales de resistividad eléctrica es eficiente, económica, demanda poco tiempo, y fácil de utilizar en comparación con otros métodos que se utilizan para este propósito.

---

Resumé Une nouvelle méthode permettant destimer la recharge des eaux souterraines a été présentée, utilisant une méthode de résistivité de surface et des méthodes isotopiques. Une relation linéaire a été obtenue entre la résistivité de la zone non saturée et la recharge estimée grâce au Tritium dans la zone du Piedmont au pied de lHimalaya, Inde. La relation peut être utilisée pour lestimation de la recharge en utilisant la méthode de résistivité de surface dans la même formation géologique. Les données utilisées pour létude sont vingt-deux sondages électriques réalisés tous les deux kilomètres, létude de la signature du tritium en six endroits sélectionnés, et la comparaison des niveaux piézométriques pré et post moussons. Les résultats de cette étude ont été cartographiés en utilisant les techniques SIG. Dans la zone détude une relation très bien définie entre la recharge (%) et la résistivité de la zone non saturée a été obtenue. La méthode suggère une nouvelle application de la résistivité de surface, pour déterminer le pourcentage de la recharge due à linfiltration. Cette technique est efficace, économique, rapide et facile à mettre en oeuvre, en comparaison dautres techniques utilisées pour atteindre le même objectif.

  相似文献   

Evolution stages of large deep-seated landslides at the front of a subalpine meridional chain (Maritime-Alps, France)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Swann Zerathe  Thomas Lebourg 《Geomorphology》2012,138(1):390-403

Studying long term-evolution of gravitational slope evolution is a key to understanding deep-seated landslide processes. This paper deals with three large Deep-Seated Landslides (DSLs) at a front of a subalpine meridional chain, on the “La Marbrière” slope near the town of Grasse (Alpes-Maritimes, France). The geological framework controlling the stability and morphology of the DSLs is associated with thick and tamped Triassic layers of mudstone with gypsum overlain by highly faulted Jurassic limestone. Gravitational deformation affects the entire slope, involving a movement of about 1.1 × 10⁸ m³ of rock material. It creates large disturbances in landscape morphology, such as scarps, counter-slope scarps, trenches and other typical gravitational morpho-structures. Geomorphological mapping coupled with deep electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) reveals a strong correlation between these morpho-structures and inherited brittle tectonic features. This observation relies on spatial and geometrical relations (on the surface and at the depth of more than 150 m, checked by ERT) between the most persistent fault and the gravitational morpho-structures. The specific distribution of the morpho-structures on the basis of their morphological typologies and variations in the stage of evolution of three DSLs provides an interpretation of their kinematics during the last 400 ka. It appears that soft substratums combined with inherited persistent anisotropies are key factors in the development of the DSLs. Indeed, outflow of mudstone due to the lithostatic pressure imposed by individual limestone compartments has led to general slope subsidence. Then, a progressive toppling of a rock mass may have led to the catastrophic rock collapse along bedding planes.The evolution of the DSLs can be divided into three distinct stages represented by three zones: a young collapse stage (zone 1), a pre-collapse stage (zone 2) and an old mature stage (> 400 ka, zone 3). As the DSLs occur on the same slope and in the same geological context, this area offers interesting perspectives for understanding factors controlling the long-term gravitational evolution of slopes.  相似文献   

直流电法仪原理及其在探测矿井积水灾害中的应用     

杨连云 《城市地质》2010,5(1):37-39

介绍了DZ—IIA直流电法仪的组成、工作原理,对直流电法勘探技术预测矿井水文地质灾害危险技术进行了可行性分析,重点阐述了DZ—IIA直流电法仪在防治水方面的应用效果。  相似文献   

井间电阻率层析成象的几个问题研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董清华  曹俊兴 《地球物理学进展》1998,13(4):84-89

井间电阻率层析成象是一种较新的高精度电法勘探方法，尚有许多问题需要探讨。本文针对平滑度约束反演算法，研究了平滑因子及迭代次数对成象结果的影响，给出了约束条件的施加方法。  相似文献   

An assessment of miniaturised electrical imaging equipment to monitor pollution plume evolution in scaled centrifuge modelling     

N. Depountis  C. Harris  M. C. R. Davies 《Engineering Geology》2001,60(1-4):83-94

This paper demonstrates the capabilities and limitations of a miniaturised electrical imaging technique (resistivity tomography) developed at Cardiff University to image contaminant plumes in scaled centrifuge models of the vadose zone. For this purpose a generic model of contaminant infiltration into unsaturated sand was designed. The imaging technique produces two-dimensional contoured plots of the resistivity distribution before and during contaminant infiltration experiments. During the experiments, dyed NaCl solution was released into the model and the change in resistivity associated with the contaminant plume evolution was imaged as a function of time and g-level. Capillary pressure was monitored constantly by matrix potential probes (tensiometers) in order to investigate the effect of capillary forces on plume evolution. Tests at 1g (static conditions) and 10g are described in this paper. Comparison of resulting two-dimensional tomography with observed plume geometry at the end of the 1g test showed this imaging technique to be highly effective.

Contaminant plume evolution in the unsaturated sand model was observed to be mainly gravity-driven, with plume migration and geometry being strongly affected by a tenfold increase in gravity in the centrifuge experiment. It is concluded that miniaturised electrical imaging can be a useful tool for monitoring pollution plume evolution during centrifuge tests, but when plume evolution is rapid, the time taken to interrogate each array restricts the effectiveness of the technique in monitoring changes in plume geometry. However, in such cases, resistivity tomography does provide valuable information on residual levels of contaminant fluid retained within the soil after passage of the plume.  相似文献   

高密度电法与多波映象法在覆盖型岩溶勘察中的应用     

彭汉桥  姚平 《湖南地质》2001,(4)

采用高密度电法与多波映象法对深圳市龙岗某住宅区覆盖型岩溶地质体进行了勘察,并与钻探进行对比分析,说明这两种方法能够较好地探测覆盖型岩溶地区岩溶的发育形态,取得了岩溶基岩面埋深的符合率和强岩溶发育区的符合率,减少钻探工作量87 %75 %,节约勘察投资的好效果。30 %20 %  相似文献