A case study in surface mining simulation with special reference to the problem of model evaluation     

D. B. Ogbonlowo  Y. J. Wang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1987,5(2):109-119

Summary This paper discusses the framework for modelling and analysing the materials handling aspects of a conventional contour mine as related to the smaller to medium-size coal mining companies. Special emphasis is placed on model evaluation. The methodology employed consists of: (a) using the surface geometry of the area to be stripped for developing the equations that are used for analysing the critical factors affecting pit layout, (b) effecting engineering and graphical layout of the mine, (c) collecting — through time studies — and analysing equipment characteristic data, (d) constructing the model, and (e) evaluating the model. The results show that the graphical approach for model construction and evaluation is fast, accurate, and reliable.  相似文献   

落实三大工作体系提高防御地震灾害能力     

刘永强  郭宏杰 《山西地震》2006,(2):42-44

防震减灾工作与太原钢铁(集团)公司的生产建设和经济发展密不可分。叙述了冶金企业防震减灾工作的特点及太钢防震减灾的工作体系和各项防震减灾管理制度,介绍了近年来太原钢铁(集团)公司开展的各项防震减灾工作的一些作法。  相似文献   

广东省基础地理信息数据库的应用及设想     

吴永静 《国土资源信息化》2006,(2):6-9

基础地理信息数据库是我国要建立的四大数据库中的重要内容,各省均相继开展或完成了省级基础地理信息数据库的建设。数据库建成后,如何高效和安全地使用数据库,广泛服务于社会,是当前面临的重要问题。本文结合数据库的建设现状,从实际需求出发,在实践中归纳了基础地理信息数据库目前及未来应用的设想。  相似文献   

甘肃省阿克塞5.5级地震震害调查与启示     

马小平  朱瑞  寇恒  刘岸果  张晓  张卫东 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(2):340-347

2021年8月26日甘肃省酒泉市阿克塞哈萨克族自治县（38.88°N, 95.50°E）发生5.5级地震,震源深度15 km,震中烈度为Ⅶ度,震区总面积为1 352 km2,距震中30 km处存在烈度异常点。本次地震震害较轻,未造成人员伤亡,经济损失较轻。本文从地震应急响应、现场震害调查、建筑物破坏情况调研、烈度评定、灾害损失评估等方面对本次地震震害特点进行分析总结,对造成震害的致灾因素进行深入分析,得出震害经验和相应的防震减灾启示,以便本地区查找防震减灾不利因素,进而采取属地化措施,尽可能减轻未来地震灾害损失。  相似文献   

NOAA Weather Radio (NWR) – A Coastal Solution to Tsunami Alert and Notification     

George?L.?CrawfordEmail author 《Natural Hazards》2005,35(1):163-171

The Washington State/Local Tsunami Work Group adopted the NOAA Weather Radio All-Hazards Warning System to warn citizens quickly and effectively of not only tsunami hazards but also other natural or man-made hazards. In concert with an array of deep ocean tsunami detectors, land-based seismic sensors, and warning messages issued by the tsunami warning centers, NWR provides a means to expeditiously get critical decision-making information to emergency managers, elected officials, and first responders. To implement the NWR strategy effectively, a partnership was developed to add a repeater to the NWR system to provide complete coverage to the coast of Washington and to shipping lanes off the coast. The Work Group also recognized the need to disseminate time critical hazard information on tsunamis to the public on beaches and in high traffic areas, so it developed a new notification system, with the first prototype installed on 2 July 2003 in Ocean Shores, Washington. A public education program also was developed to improve the impacted communities understanding of the tsunami hazard, the warning system, and actions they should take if a tsunami occurs.  相似文献   

Prey Composition and Prey Selectivity of an Intertidal Generalist Predator, Muricodrupa fusca (Küster) (Muricidae)     

Tomoko Yamamoto 《Marine Ecology》2004,25(1):35-49

Abstract.  Natural prey composition and prey selectivity of the muricid snail Muricodrupa fusca (Küster), which forages on a wide range of prey, was investigated. Natural prey composition was evaluated through correcting the apparent diet (the result of observations of the feeding behavior) by the handling time, which was determined by laboratory analysis. The apparent diet and the natural diet should generally differ because prey items that require a longer handling time will be observed with higher frequencies. Multiple regression equations were derived to relate the handling time to prey size, predator size and water temperature. A large discrepancy in the apparent versus natural diet of M. fusca was found in prey species composition and prey size. They foraged on at least 11 species of sessile and mobile prey including six limpet species, and mainly preyed on Siphonaria spp. and Lottia spp. in the field. By comparing the percentage of the natural diet to that of prey abundance in the field, M. fusca preferred Siphonaria spp. and Lottia spp. and did not select the other prey species. The selectivity of this predator was explained by optimal foraging theory and antipredator defenses of some limpet species. The relationships among attacking methods, handling time and prey selectivity are also examined.  相似文献   

日照港30万吨原油码头港池与航道回淤预测分析     

丁济森  王新献 《海岸工程》2006,25(2):22-28

根据日照港30万吨级原油码头工程的设计要求,在拟建工程海域实测了2个站的大、中、小潮潮位和9条测线的流速、流向及含沙量。利用二维潮汐水流数学模型进行了潮位、流速和流向验证计算,综合研究了调查海区的泥沙运动和海底冲淤演变规律,并预测了冲淤趋势。在此基础上,重点对30万吨原油码头泊位、港池与航道的淤积进行了预测分析。分析结果表明,在正常水动力条件下,该港区内的平均年回淤速率不大,此港区适合建码头。  相似文献   

交通拥堵对急救医疗服务时空可达性的影响——以广州市为例   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

陈建国  周素红  柳林  肖露子  宋广文 《地理科学进展》2016,35(4):431-439

时间是急救服务的敏感因素,急救服务设施可达性的时空差异对于评估急救设施的选址及急救服务调度的效率,解决公众急救医疗需求与供给之间的矛盾,辅助政府部门的决策都至关重要。交通拥堵是常见的城市问题,尤其是在城市中心区域更为明显,由于交通拥堵带来的时间滞后对急救服务产生的影响不容忽视。本文通过浮动车GPS大数据,分析交通拥堵对广州市中心城区急救医疗设施时空可达性的影响。结果表明：①在考虑道路实际通行状况的情况下,在交通高峰期,社区的急救医疗服务平均可达时间和最长可达时间分别比采用设计时速计算增加20%和25%。②可达性存在明显的时空差异。急救医疗服务可达性以急救医院为中心,沿着路网向四周呈现衰减趋势。急救医院布局较多、路网密集区域的可达性高,反之则低。交通拥堵对路网密集、行车规则设计复杂以及存在通过性交通流的地区影响显著。③对不同阻抗系数下可达性变化的敏感性分析,发现随着阻抗系数的增大,可达性变化的趋势有所放缓,紧急医疗服务可达性的分异变小;这一变化趋势在交通平峰期表现更为明显。因此,在研究城市中心区域急救医疗服务时,考虑交通拥堵对可达性的影响,需要构建基于实时交通状况的可达性评估模型,合理选择模型参数,优化实时急救医疗服务调度,提升急救服务的效率和质量。  相似文献   

基于极限综合评价法对应急避险场所评价研究     

丁桂伶  翟淑花  孙小华  张会昌 《城市地质》2016,(3):22-26

突发地质灾害应急避险场所,是指在灾中或灾后能为灾民提供一个临时安置或生存场所。对防灾减灾具有重要意义,其基础和核心工作是避险场所的适宜性评价。结合多指标因子评价方法的研究成果及北京地区突发地质灾害与避险场所的特征,提出了一种新的避险场所适宜性评价方法,即极限综合评价法。该方法较传统的评价方法有更好的适用性,且操作简单,得出评价结果更加科学。将该方法应用于北京市7处典型突发地质灾害应急避险场所评价工作中,取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

北京突发地质灾害应急避险场所调查评价     

丁桂伶  张会昌  张玲玲  翟淑花 《城市地质》2016,(2):69-73

结合北京地区突发地质灾害发育特征,提出了应急避险场所调查的内容、方法、工作流程及技术指标等内容,总结分析了北京市应急避险场所的分布、类型、规模、物资储备、建筑形式、路线长度及受灾情况等特征。同时,根据给出的应急避险场所适宜性简易评价方法对全市的应急避险场所进行了系统全面的评价,并针对性的提出了避险防范措施。  相似文献