Comparative Study of the Carbon Emission Situation and Goals between China and India     

Yang Zhanhong  Luo Hong  Xue Jie  Zhang Baoliu 《地球科学进展》2016,31(7):764-773

As the two large developing and populous countries, China and India face the dual challenges of economic development and climate change. Both of them are active in carbon emissions reduction, while India also bears the pressure of being “benchmarked” against China. With taking China and India as the sample of a comparative analysis, and the statistical value of a long sequence as the basic analysis data, based on the detailed analysis and comparison of carbon emissions history, the carbon emissions situation of the two countries from various dimensions including economic development, energy reserves and consumption, etc. were comparatively analyzed. The carbon intensity and energy structure after achieving the objectives were measured and compared by focusing on the carbon emissions reduction targets in China and India. The comparative results show that: China’s total carbon emissions are greater than India’s, but the growth rate of emissions, per capita emissions are significantly lower than India’s, while the carbon intensity decreases significantly faster than that of India. China has taken more efforts to make commitments to carbon reduction than India. With India’s energy structure adjustment, the situation will be gradually better than that in China.  相似文献   

Comparative Analysis of International Energy Consumption Characteristics and China's Countermeasures     

Yang Zhanhong  Lü  Lianhong  Cao Bao  Wang Xiao  Luo Hong 《地球科学进展》2016,31(1):94-102

With the rise of low carbon economy and the deterioration of the international energy situation, most countries in the world pay more attention to energy issues. In this paper, based on a comparison with several countries of large energy consumption, we used long sequence statistics to analyze the energy consumption characteristics from the world and the history, including energy consumption, energy consumption structure and energy efficiency, and then summed up the characteristics of energy consumption in developed countries, analyzed China's energy consumption process and the current stage, and found out the main problems of energy consumption in China. At last, countermeasures for the healthy development of China's energy were proposed, including actively promoting scientific and technological progress, upgrading energy structure, developing low carbon economy, rationalizing energy prices, improving the proportion of clean energy consumption and emphasizing synergistic effect on environment protection.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and population structure of the franciscana dolphin,Pontoporia blainvillei,in Southern Buenos Aires,Argentina     

MF Negri  HL Cappozzo 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(2):326-338

The franciscana dolphin, Pontoporia blainvillei, is endemic to the coastal waters of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean and the most endangered dolphin in the area. Four Franciscana Management Areas (FMAs) are currently recognised; however, results of genetic studies suggest the requirement for additional FMAs and highlight the need for more detailed studies in the southern extreme of the species distribution. With this aim, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of the species analysing an mtDNA control region fragment (434?bp) in 44 individuals collected in four sampling sites located in Southern Buenos Aires. Haplotype diversity (H?=?0.75?±?0.05) was mostly higher than the observed in endangered or near threatened odontocetes. Population structure analyses suggest that three different genetic populations should be recognised within FMA IV: Northern, Eastern and Southern Buenos Aires. Altogether, these results should be taken into account in future conservation plans for the species.  相似文献   

广东孔江湿地生物多样性保护与生态恢复工程     

赵顺  何明华  彭文鹰 《湿地科学与管理》2016,(1):30-33

针对广东孔江国家湿地公园出现的库周村民生产生活污染、农业面源污染、植被群落单一等问题,开展湿地生物多样性保护与生态恢复工程,为湿地公园后期建设规划提供依据。  相似文献   

Rescaling of Access and Property Relations in a Frontier Landscape: Insights from Jambi,Indonesia     

Jonas Hein  Soeryo Adiwibowo  Christoph Dittrich  Rosyani  Endriatmo Soetarto  Heiko Faust 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(3):380-389

The recent expansion of protected areas and oil palm plantations in Jambi (Sumatra), Indonesia, has been notably disruptive. This article investigates the scalar dimensions of land conflicts within a privately managed conservation area. We built on qualitative research focusing on struggles related to the formation of two informal settlements within the conservation area. Results indicate that, especially in the context of rapid rescaling (e.g., decentralization), new power constellations emerge, thereby altering preexisting property relations. We argue that competing scales of meaning and regulation are structuring the ability of actors to access land and, consequently, reflect tensions between structure and agency.  相似文献   

Age and growth of Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi (Pisces: Sparidae) in the Eastern Cape,South Africa     

MW Farthing  NC James  WM Potts 《African Journal of Marine Science》2016,38(1):65-71

Rhabdosargus holubi is a small (maximum weight=2.4?kg) yet important fishery species in the estuaries of the south-east coast of South Africa. Little is known of its biology and specifically its growth rate, which is essential for sustainable management of the fishery. We examined and counted the opaque zones in the sectioned otoliths of 134 R. holubi to determine its age and growth parameters. The otoliths from two recaptured fish marked with oxytetracycline confirmed that one opaque zone was deposited annually. The species reached a maximum age of 18 years and growth was adequately described by a von Bertalanffy growth function of the form: L_t = 358.1 (1 – e^{?0.24(t+0.77)}) mm fork length. There were no significant differences between any of the male and female growth parameters (likelihood ratio test: p = 0.3). The growth was slow (omega index: ω = 86.56); however, despite this, the unique life history of R. holubi may provide a degree of resilience to heavy fishing pressure in estuaries.  相似文献   

The Callander (Auchenlaich) moraine: A new site report for the Western Highland Boundary block of the Quaternary of Scotland Geological Conservation Review (GCR)     

John Lowe  Vanessa Brazier 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):24-33

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The Caledonian Structures of Shetland – Funzie and Norwick Geological Conservation Review sites     

A.J. Highton  R.M.L. Wignall 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):1-15

Locations at Funzie on the island of Fetlar, and at Norwick on the island of Unst contain excellent examples of structures relating to the Caledonian age disruption and emplacement of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex. The Caledonian age Shetland Ophiolite Complex contains exceptionally well developed and exposed sections of the lower parts of the characteristic ophiolite sequence, including layered gabbro, cumulates and mantle rock. Composed of two tectonic units (the Lower Nappe and Upper Nappe) each underlain by an imbricate zone, it is among the finest and most accessible examples of ophiolitic rocks in Europe. The sites at Funzie and Norwick have been selected to be part of the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network, as the best examples in Britain of structures relating to Caledonian ophiolite disruption and emplacement. As the Funzie GCR site and the Norwick GCR site they form the Caledonian Structures of Shetland GCR block.Accounts of all other sites in the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network are already published (Treagus, 1992). Accounts of the Caledonian Structures of Shetland GCR block sites are, therefore, presented in this paper to complete publication of the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network.  相似文献   

山水林田湖草系统治理之水土保持要义     

姜德文 《地学前缘》2021,28(4):42-47

山水林田湖草是一个生命共同体,山水林田湖草的系统治理观是水土流失治理与生态修复的重要指导思想。水土流失的发生、发展和变化是一个复杂的系统,有其自身规律,水土保持是一门多学科交叉学科,有其科学性与不可替代性,防治水土流失应坚持系统思维,整体施策,系统和综合是水土保持学科建立和事业发展的生命力所在。水土流失在中国广泛分布并长期存在,而且治理程度及年治理进度较低,极不适应生态文明时代人民对美好生活的需求。要充分发挥大自然的自我修复能力,辅助于重点治理,以小促大,大面积、快速恢复植被,降低水土流失强度。将水资源保护、水环境整治、面源污染防治、农村污水及垃圾处理、村容村貌人居环境整治等融为一体,以系统治理观大力推进生态清洁小流域建设。采取系统、全面的措施,重视山地经果林开发土地的水土流失治理与生态保护。对工业化、城镇化、农业现代化过程中的人为扰动破坏区,全过程、全方位落实水土保持措施,促进经济社会的高质量发展。  相似文献   

Characteristics and evolution of a coastal mesoscale eddy in the Western Bay of Bengal monitored by high-frequency radars     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

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