应用浮游植物监测与评价长江口水体营养状况     

郭沛涌  沈焕庭  刘阿成  王金辉  杨元利 《海洋科学》2009,33(12):68-72

通过对长江河口浮游植物采样研究,应用浮游植物群落多样性指数和均匀度指数、浮游植物丰度以及生物学综合评价法对长江河口水体营养状况进行监测与评价.生物学综合评价结果显示:1999年枯水期,口门内的SX01～SX04样站表、底层水体为中营养水平,口门外近岸及近外海水域一般为贫营养水体.1999年丰水期,表、底层水质状况与枯水期不同,口门内的SX01～SX04样站水体为贫营养型,近口门、近外海水域为中营养型,近岸中部、东部表层一般达到富营养型水体,近岸底层东北部为富营养型,其余近岸水域为中营养型水体.2000年枯水期水质情况为:口门内表、底层水体为贫营养水体,近岸水域表层为中营养水体,底层为贫营养水体,近外海水域表、底层一般也为贫营养水体.  相似文献   

Temporal variability of micro- and nanoplankton in the German Bight in relation to hydrographic structure and nutrient changes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hickel  Wolfgang 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(4):600-609

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富营养化对海洋生态系统的影响及其围隔实验研究   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16  

陈尚  朱明远  马艳  李瑞香  李宝华  吕瑞华 《地球科学进展》1999,14(6):571-576

陆源的营养盐输入引起海洋中的富营养化,提高了水体中营养盐含量,改变了水体中营养盐比例,引起浮游植物水华甚至赤潮。水华发生时由于沿传统食物链的能流在浮游植物环节阻塞,能量过多地分配到微生物环,细菌大量繁殖分解有机物,导致水体缺氧,造成鱼虾贝类窒息死亡。围隔系统是物质相对守恒的系统,围隔与自然海水没有水交换,利用现场围隔实验可以定量地、系统地研究海洋生态系统对富营养化的响应。围隔实验现已成为全球海洋生态系统动力学研究的重要手段。  相似文献   

蟹、鱼网围混养对草型湖泊氮磷平衡的影响   总被引：31，自引：3，他引：28  

施炜纲  王博  周昕 《湖泊科学》1999,11(4):363-368

富营养化是当今的水污染治理难题,而农业非点源磷污染与水体富营养化的发生有着密切的关系,目前农田生态系统中广泛存在的磷素投入过量和由此导致的土壤磷素积累加剧了磷素向水体的流失。本文根据国内外最新研究成果,分析了农田土壤磷素流失对水体富营养化的影响,指出了减轻农业非点源磷污染的重要性,对目前所采用的农业非点源磷污染重点控制区的确定方法和一些主要防治措施的效果进行了评述。  相似文献   

地理信息系统在渤海湾水体富营养化研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

穆迪  袁德奎  陶建华 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(1):73-77

一般的关系型数据库处理近岸海域富营养化监测数据时难以同时管理数据的空间属性和一般属性,且不具有对数据进行空间分析的能力。文中以A rcG IS地理信息系统为数据管理平台,克服了一般数据库的上述缺陷。文章以渤海湾水体富营养化研究为实例,应用A rcG IS地理信息系统自身的功能对监测数据进行了空间分布特性和时间变化趋势分析及水体营养状况的评价,取得了较满意的结果。  相似文献   

Sources and sinks of nutrients in a New Zealand hill pasture catchment II. Phosphorus     

James G. Cooke 《水文研究》1988,2(2):123-133

The management of the riparian zone has been suggested as a technique for controlling the amounts of phosphorus (P) entering watercourses draining pasture catchments. A study was therefore made of P entering a stream from various sources (rainfall, surface and subsurface derived runoff, direct fallout from aerial topdressing), with the object of providing a rational basis for the design of effective riparian management schemes. P entrained in surface runoff could account for virtually all of the P entering the stream during storms. Approximately 20 per cent of the annual P export from the catchment could be accounted for by direct aerial input of P to the stream during autumn fertilizer topdressing. More than 85 per cent of the P was exported from the catchment as particulate P. Stream sediment had higher P sorption capacities, and were enriched with P relative to the soils from which they were derived. There was a pronounced seasonal variation in sediment enrichment which could be predicted (r² = 0.92) by the logarithm of the rainfall since fertilizer topdressing (LNFERT) and flood intensity. The amount of P lost in streamflow during any flood event was predicted (r² = 0.94) by peak flow, seven day antecedent peak flow and LNFERT. Approximately 40 per cent of the 1.3 kg P ha^?1 exported during 1981 occurred in four storms with recurrence intervals of more than three months. From a P budget compiled from nine events it was hypothesized that the stream acted as a net sink for P at baseflow and low-medium intensity floods but was a source of P at higher flood intensities. It was concluded that P losses from hill pasture catchments could be reduced by avoidance of direct application of P fertilizer to the stream channel, and by fencing out stock from seasonally saturated areas during periods of saturation. The ultimate success of the latter technique would depend on whether buffer vegetation could retain accumulated P during extreme storm events.  相似文献   

Opportunistic macroalgae metrics for transitional waters. Testing tools to assess ecological quality status in Portugal     

Patrício J  Neto JM  Teixeira H  Marques JC 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(12):1887-1896

Macroalgae communities constitute one of the ecological quality elements for the evaluation of the ecological quality status (EQS) of coastal and transitional waters, required to implement the WFD. While these algae are natural components of estuarine systems and play important roles in several estuarine processes, macroalgal blooms are of ecological concern because they can reduce the habitat quality. Several works are being carried out to set standard methods for monitoring macroalgae blooms, in order to develop tools to derive EQS based upon this biological quality element. The aim of this paper is to apply the methodology described by Scanlan et al. [Scanlan, C.M., Foden, J., Wells, E., Best, M.A., 2007. The monitoring of opportunistic macroalgal blooms for the water framework directive. Marine Pollution Bulletin 55, 162–171] to a series of data assembled in the south arm of the Mondego estuary (Atlantic coast of Portugal) considering two different ecological situations. Additionally, an alternative assessment method intended to be used when no biomass data are available was also tested. In general, both options captured the inter-annual variations in accordance with the system evolution. Option 2, less expensive and time-consuming, allowed an EQS evaluation with accurate results when biomass data were not available. The results suggest that sampling should be carried out from April to June.  相似文献   

石臼湖湿地水环境质量评价及富营养化状况研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王荣娟  张金池 《湿地科学与管理》2011,7(2):26-28

评价了石臼湖水质现状及富营养化状况。结果表明,石臼湖的水质级别为Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级,污染程度为轻、中度污染;影响各水域水质的主要污染物为高锰酸盐指数、硫化物、总氮、总磷;水体富营养化较为严重,高锰酸盐指数、总磷严重超标。造成石臼湖水环境问题的主要原因为渔业与养殖、工业废水、生活污水等污染因素。  相似文献   

湖泊富营养化模糊评价模型及其应用     

冯玉国 《成都信息工程学院学报》1992,(4)

本文就应用模糊评价模型对我国18个主要湖泊的富营养化进行了评价,并与其它方法评价的结果进行了对比,说明了用该模型评价的优越性。  相似文献   

Restoration of the eutrophic Orbetello lagoon (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): water quality management   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Lenzi M  Palmieri R  Porrello S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,46(12):1540-1548

The Orbetello lagoon (Tyrrhenian coast, Italy) receives treated urban and land based fishfarms wastewater. The development of severe eutrophication imposed the three main activity adoption focuses on (1) macroalgae harvesting; (2) pumping of water from the sea; (3) confining wastewater to phytotreatment ponds. The responses to these interventions were rapid and macroalgal reduction growth and seagrass return were recorded. Since 1999, a new macroalgal development was recorded. The aim of this research was to discover whether the recent macroalgal growth can be attributed to the continuing wastewater influx from the remaining persistent anthropic sources (PAS) or from the sediment nutrient release. A monitoring programme was carried out between August 1999 and July 2000 in order to measure dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewaters entering into the lagoon and in central lagoon areas, seaweed and seagrass distribution and lagoon N, P annual budgets. The results showed higher N and P values close to PAS. The distribution of the macroalgal species confirms that the available P comes almost entirely from these remaining PAS. In conclusion, the environmental measures adopted produced a significant reduction in algal biomass development in the lagoon; the macroalgal harvesting activities produced a sediment disturbance with following oxidize conditions, which make P unavailable in the lagoon water, excepting close the PAS.  相似文献