北京市朝阳区沙子营垃圾污染物在潜水含水层中迁移规律的现场模拟实验     

刘长礼詹黔花  张凤娥张云 张胜叶浩  侯宏冰张明裴丽欣  姜建梅 《地质通报》2007,26(3):305-311

选择北京平原区水文地质、环境地质等方面都比较典型的沙子营垃圾堆放场,建立了其水文地质模型。在充分收集资料、分析得出部分计算所需参数后,采用现场弥散实验、勘查取样测试等方法,求得了该含水层的弥散系数等参数;用二维非稳定流溶质运移方程对污染物在此含水层中的迁移扩散规律、速度和污染范围等进行了模拟计算;采用现场钻探、取样测试分析等方法,评价了该含水层的实际污染状况。实验模拟计算和现场调查结果表明:污染物在潜水含水层中的运移规律遵循二维非稳定流场中的溶质运移方程,污染物在潜水含水层中的运移速度约为86.25m/a,迁移扩散主要发生在地下水流向上,侧向扩散宽度极小,是地下水流向上的1/17。  相似文献   

桐梓北部大竹坝井田含煤地层及可采煤层地质特征     

廖友常 《贵州地质》2007,24(3):202-206

大竹坝井田位于呈北东向展布的松坎复式向斜南东翼之次级褶皱-乐坪背斜南东翼,含煤地层为上二叠统龙潭组(P3l),厚45.61~71.53m,平均厚61.10m,含煤层(线)2~6层,全区可采煤层一层(C3),局部可采煤层二层(C2、C4)。C3煤层具有低挥发份、中灰、中高硫、高固定碳、高熔灰分、高热值的特点。可作工业用煤、动力用煤、气化用煤和化工用煤以及民用等。井田以含煤地层相对较薄,可采煤层少,煤层厚度小,含煤率低为其特征。  相似文献   

同忻井田采空区积水贮存分布特征及突水预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

狄效斌 《水文地质工程地质》2007,34(3):24-27

本文依据井田范围内采空积水调查资料,探讨了采空积水的贮存分布规律,并采用冒落带及导水裂隙带最大高度的计算方法,预测了未来开采下伏可采煤层造成的漏水灾害区。  相似文献   

BP、Hopfield神经网络在位场反演中的应用比较     

张新兵  王家林  陈冰  吴健生 《物探化探计算技术》2007,29(2):161-166

比较了BP、Hopfield二种神经网络模型的特性及其运行机制,分别用于位场反演,还比较了各自在位场反演中的应用效果。结果表明:这二种神经网络模型虽然都可用于位场反演,但由于Hopfield网络缺乏学习能力,不能较好地利用已知地质、地球物理信息而受到限制。而BP神经网络具有较强的学习能力,能从已知的信息中得到有利于解决最优化问题的结论,比Hopfield神经网络更加适合于位场的反演问题。  相似文献   

基于小波包变换的面波分离技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张华  潘冬明  刘松 《物探化探计算技术》2007,29(3):193-196

依据面波视速度的分布范围,提出一种新的叠前面波分离技术,即把地震波场分成不受面波影响的波场和受面波影响的波场,然后利用小波包变换对受面波影响的波场进行时频分析,通过分解与重构,从中提取有效波,再将其与不受面波影响的波场合并,就可得到面波分离后的地震波场。该方法在成功分离面波的同时,可使有效波的能量(尤其是其低频能量)不受损失,既有效地保持信号的频宽不变,又提高了记录的信噪比。实际资料的处理结果表明:此方法在叠前面波分离方面具有有良好的效果。  相似文献   

重力异常三维反演——视密度成像方法技术的应用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

徐世浙  曹洛华  姚敬金 《物探与化探》2007,31(1):25-28,37

将起伏地形上测量的重力异常,延拓至平均水平面;对平面上的重力场进行不同深度层源的切割分离;再将各层的重力场向下延拓至相应的深度,并反演出该深度层的密度结构.以此得到的密度,反映该深度层密度的近似分布,故称为视密度成像.在重力场的曲面向下延拓过程中,采用了新的延拓方法——迭代法,延拓深度大,延拓过程稳定;且不需解线性代数方程组,避开了制约三维反演实用化的计算时间的瓶颈问题.在主频1.73 GHz的微机上,完成71×81数据点反演的计算时间为10 s.以新疆一个地区的实例说明这种方法的反演效果.  相似文献   

若尔盖地区区域构造与油气地球化学场的关系     

荣发准  孙长青  张彦霞  吴传芝 《物探与化探》2007,31(4):298-301

盆地或地区的油气地质条件是形成油气地球化学场特征的物质基础，构造运动是烃类离开油气源区，向储集层运移和纵向运移的主要动力，而近地表沉积物性质和地形地貌景观条件是影响油气化探效果的重要因素。若尔盖地区的弧形构造对化探指标浓度的空间分布的影响作用，表明地质构造对近地表地球化学场的分布有明显的控制作用。  相似文献   

广西佛子冲铅锌矿田地质特征及找矿模式   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

蔡锦辉  韦昌山  王猛  江河 《华南地质与矿产》2007,(3):12-18,23

广西佛子冲铅锌矿位于桂东南博白-岑溪多金属成矿带北东端。矿床的形成是古生代地层的岩性差异、长期构造活动带以及燕山期多次侵入的壳慢混合型岩浆岩三方面联合效应的结果。作者通过对该矿床地质矿产特征、矿床温压地球化学的总结,建立了佛子冲铅锌矿田成矿模式;并依据前人工作的大量地质和测试资料,建立了该矿田的综合找矿模式。指出了下一步工作的重点区域。  相似文献   

Crustal attenuation in the Southern Andean retroarc (38°–39°30′ S) determined from tectonic and gravimetric studies: The Lonco-Luán asthenospheric anomaly     

Andrs Folguera  Antonio Introcaso  Mario Gimnez  Francisco Ruiz  Patricia Martinez  Cynthia Tunstall  Ezequiel García Morabito  Víctor A. Ramos 《Tectonophysics》2007,439(1-4):129-147

The western retroarc of the Southern Andes between 38° and 40° S is formed by a NNW-elongated ridge not associated with stacked thrust sheets. On the contrary, during the last 4–3 Ma this ridge was affected by extensional deformation, regional uplift and related folding on a very broad scale. Receiver function analysis shows that the drainage divide area and adjacent retroarc lie over an attenuated crust. Expected crustal thickness at these latitudes is around 38 km, whereas in this part of the retroarc the thickness is less than 32 km. The causes for such attenuation have been linked to a moderate steepening of the subducted Nazca plate beneath the South American plate, which is suggested by a westward shift and narrowing of the magmatic arc during the last 4 to 5 Ma. Gravimetric studies show that the upper plate did not react homogeneously to slab steepening, but ancient sutures and lithospheric discontinuities deeply buried under Mesozoic to Cenozoic sequences in the retroarc were locally reactivated. These processes resulted in an asthenospheric anomaly that correlates at the surface with the area of Pliocene to Quaternary doming, widespread extension and three radial troughs. Two of the troughs have accommodated substantial amounts of extension, but the third was probably aborted at an early stage. Moreover, the presence of an anomalous concentration of calderas and large volcanic centers over the proposed asthenospheric anomaly, and their age distribution, may indicate minor migration of the asthenospheric anomaly between 4 and 2 Ma through the western South American plate.  相似文献   

Gravitational model of the Taiwan lithosphere (along the profile Taiwan Strait-Taiwan Island-West Philippine basin)     

G. Z. Gil’manova  V. Ya. Podgornyi 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(3):230-239

Based on two-dimensional gravity modeling, the density section of the lithosphere beneath Taiwan and the surrounding areas is constructed. According to the density parameters, the lithosphere of this region comprises both the continental and oceanic types. The continental lithosphere is lighter than the oceanic one and demonstrates insignificant density differentiation through the entire section. The oceanic lithosphere is more contrasting with respect of both the crust and mantle density. The complicated Taiwan density structure corresponding to Taiwan Island is defined to be superimposed on the transition zone between the continental and oceanic lithospheric blocks. This structure with contrasting density boundaries is characterized by the elevated and high density values of its constituting heterogeneities. The formation of the Taiwan density structure is related to geodynamic processes in the Taiwan area marking the collision zone between the Eurasian and Philippine Sea plates.  相似文献