渤海湾、黄河口和长江口海域海水中颗粒氨基酸含量的分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张星君  纪明侯 《海洋科学集刊》2004,46(46):91-99

海水中除含有大量无机物质外，还含有种类繁多，但含量很低的有机物质，其含量约为C 0.5-2.0mg/L。海水有机物质可分为溶解有机物质(DOM)和颗粒有机物质(POM)。前者为主要组分，后者所含比例很小。在大洋中POM的主要来源有:①浮游生物，尤其是浮游植物活体、死骸及其分解碎屑;②海水中进行的DOM-POM的动力平衡产物。近岸海水还受河流流入的陆地POM和大气带入的陆源尘埃的影响。POM主要由蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂类等组成。POM是食碎屑动物的良好食物，它构成海洋食物链的一环，与水域生物生产力有直接的联系。POM中蛋白质含量以颗粒氨基酸(PAA)表示。Daumas(1976)曾报道过沿岸海水中PAA含量的季节变异，纪明侯等(1992年)于1980-1981年首次对青岛胶州湾内PAA含量在不同站位和不同季节中的变化特征进行调査研究。作者等继而于1982年7月、1983年10月和1984年5、7、8月乘“金星二号”考察船前后首次研究了渤海湾、黄河口和长江口附近水域中颗粒氨基酸的组成与含量在不同站位中的分布。所得结果如下。  相似文献   

Effect of Temperature on the Fatty Acid Composition of Four Species of Marine Microalgae     

李文权  李芊  廖启斌  陈清花 《海洋通报(英文版)》2003,5(1)

For most aquacultured animals, the unsaturated fatty acids of marine microalgae have the effects of raising their rates of hatchability, survival and growth and the essential nutrients for the cultured animals such as fish and shrimp. Japanese and ROK scholars have reported that the algal powder added into the fish and shrimp bait may act as coagulating and anti-collapsing agents, and is especially effective if it is used in the water lacking minerals and vitamins[1]. Japanese scholars have p…  相似文献   

Rapport ARN/ADN et evaluation de l'etat nutritionnel et de la croissance des larves de poissons marins: un essai de mise au point experimentale chez la sole (Solea solea L.)     

Bergeron  Jean-Pierre; Boulhic  Michel 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1994,51(2):181-190

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氮浓度对四株海洋绿藻总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

曹春晖  孙世春  麦康森  梁英 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,(3):79-84

本文用NaNO3作为氮源,分别作了氮浓度的五个水平对2属(小球藻属、裂丝藻属)的四株绿藻的生长率、总脂含量及主要脂肪酸组成的影响。C19、C97和C102的脂肪含量随N浓度的改变而有较大变化,其中C102在1.6m mol/L时脂肪含量达到最大值(24.8%)。C95的脂肪含量随氮浓度变化不大。同时,由氮浓度引起的平均生长率μ与总脂含量之间无明显相关关系。四株绿藻的EPA(20∶5n-3)和PUFAs(polyunsaturated fatty acids)含量随培养基中氮浓度的改变有较大变化但因种而异。C95和C97均在中等氮浓度时EPA含量达到最大值,分别为23.8%和27.4%。C19和C102在高氮浓度(40mmol/L)获得EPA的最大值,分别为25.7%和26.6%。  相似文献   

Muddy-bottom meiofauna responses to metal concentrations and organic enrichment in New Caledonia South-West Lagoon   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A.G. Dalto  A. Grmare  A. Dinet  D. Fichet 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):629-644

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Diagenesis of vascular plant organic matter components during burial in lake sediments   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Philip A. Meyers  Mary J. Leenheer  Richard A. Bourbonniere 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1995,1(1):35-52

Diagenetic changes are difficult to distinguish from variations in sources of organic matter to sediments. Organic geochemical comparisons of samples of wood, bark, and needles from a white spruce (Picea glauca) living today and one buried for 10,000 years in lake sediments have been used to identify the effects of diagenesis on vascular plant matter. Important biogeochemical changes are evident in the aged spruce components, even though the cellular structures of the samples are well preserved. Concentrations of total fatty acids dramatically diminish; unsaturated and shorter chainlength components are preferentially lost from the molecular distributions. Concentrations of total alcohols are similar in the modern and 10,000-year-old wood and bark but markedly lowered in the aged needles. Hydrocarbon concentrations and distributions show little diagenetic change in the 10,000-year-old plant materials. Cellulose components in the wood decrease relative to lignin components, although both types of materials remain in high concentration in comparison to other organic components. Aromatization of abietic acid proceeds more rapidly in buried spruce wood than in bark; retene is the dominant polyaromatic hydrocarbon in the aged wood. In contrast to the variety of changes evident in molecular compositions, neither ¹³C values nor C/N ratios differ significantly in the bulk organic matter of modern and aged spruce components.  相似文献   

In-situ Formation of Light-Absorbing Organic Matter in Cloud Water   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Gelencsér  A. Hoffer  G. Kiss  E. Tombácz  R. Kurdi  L. Bencze 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2003,45(1):25-33

Current climate models seem to underestimate the flux of solar energy absorbed by the global troposphere. All of these models are constrained with the assumption that cloud droplets consist of pure water. Here we demonstrate in a simple laboratory experiment that aromatic hydroxy-acids which are found in continental fine aerosol can react with hydroxyl radicals under typical conditions prevalent in cloud water influenced by biomass burning. The reactions yield colored organic species which do absorb solar radiation. We also suggest that the products of such reactions may be humic-like substances whose presence in continental aerosol has been confirmed but their source mechanisms are still much sought after. We also attempt to give a first order estimate of the enhancement of water absorption at a visible wavelength under atmospheric conditions.  相似文献   

矿物流体包裹体中的羧酸     

曾贻善  刘家齐 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1997,(1)

矿物流体包裹体中的羧酸曾贻善刘家齐（北京大学地质系，北京１００８７１）（地矿部宜昌地质矿产研究所，宜昌４４３００３）关键词矿物包裹体浸取液羧酸离子色谱分析分子中含有羧基官能团（—ＣＯＯＨ）的物质称为羧酸。Ｆｅｉｎ［１］和Ｓｈｏｃｋ［２］曾概述羧酸在自...  相似文献   

沉积盆地流体—岩石相互作用研究的现状   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

蔡春芳 《地球科学进展》1996,11(6):575-579

沉积盆地流体－岩石相互作用研究主要是通过实验地球化学和岩石学，地球化学模拟方法开展的，综述了这一领域的研究现状，主要包括有机酸来源和分布及期 对矿物稳定性的影响，地层水成因与演化、烃类与岩石间的氧化还原反应、以及储层润湿性的变化等，并展望了其 发展趋势。  相似文献   

Characterisation of brown coal humic acids and modified humic acids using pyrolysis gcms and other techniques     

W. R. Jackson  G. D. Bongers  P. J. Redlich  G. Favas  Y. Fei  A. F. Patti  R. B. Johns 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1996,32(1-4)

It has been proposed that Victorian brown coal can be considered as a two-component structure — a lignocellulosic “host”, containing various amounts of weakly bound or entrapped “guest” material together with very small amounts of inorganic and/or mineral matter. The latter predominantly consists of wax esters and/or terpenoid material. In this paper we describe attempts to gain structural information regarding the more complex, “host” component of the coal. Our initial model compound has been humic acid that can be readily obtained from the coal by alkaline extraction. It has been found that “pure” humic acid, free from material associated with the “guest” components of the coal, can be obtained by a highly selective, low-yielding alkaline extraction. This humic acid has been studied by nmr spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (py-gc/ms). The products arising from py-gc/ms have been compared with those obtained from similar pyrolysis of whole coals. Alkylation of humic acids using alkyl halides in the presence of base has been successfully carried out and reactivity of the resulting materials compared with those of the parent coal and humic acid.  相似文献